In classes, your teachers will talk about the topics that you are studying.  The information they provide will be important for you to know when you take tests. So you must be able to take good written notes from what your teachers say.

    Here are three stages (阶段) of taking notes and what you should do during each stage.

    Before class

    Review your notes you have taken before you come to class. This will be good for remembering what was covered. Get you ready to understand new information your teacher will provide.

    During class

    Keep your attention on what your teacher is saying and "the signal words" that tell you what your teacher is going to say and it is important to write in your notes.  Examples of signal words are "The most important point.” and "Remember that . . . ” Be sure to include in your notes information that your teacher repeats or writes on the blackboard. Write quickly so that you can include all the important information in your notes. Do this by writing abbreviations such as med for medicine, using symbols such as % for percent, and writing short sentences.

     After class

     Rewrite your notes to make them more complete and accurate (准确的) by changing abbreviations into whole words, symbols into words, and shortened sentences into longer sentences. Use them to answer your questions. If necessary, ask your teacher for help.

    In the past, many people used horses for traveling，farming and other kinds of work．A lot of people still like to ride horses．And horse racing is also popular．So it is not surprising that Americans use this animal when they talk．

    Long ago，rich or important people rode horses which were very tall．Today, if a girl acts like she is better than everyone else，you might say she should get off her high horse ．

    Yesterday my children wanted me to take them to the playground．But I had to finish my work, so I said．"Hold your horses ． Wait until I finish what I am doing." My two boys like to compete against each other and play in a noisy and not very careful way．I always tell them to stop horsing around or someone could get hurt． Last night，I got a telephone call while I Was watching my favourite TV show．I decided not to answer it because wild horses could not drag(拖，拽)me away from the television．There was nothing that could stop me from doing what I wanted to do．

    Sometimes you get information straight from the horse's mouth ． Let us say your teacher tells you there is going to be a test tomorrow．You could say you got the information straight from the horse's mouth ．

    You can lead a horse to water, but you cannot make him drink ． That means you can give someone advice but you cannot force him to do something he does not want to do．

    根据材料内容，从下面方框中选出恰当的短语或句子完成五个小题，使句子通顺、意思完整，将其标号填入题前括号内。每个短语或句子限用一次。

    It was a dark and cold night.The taxi driver didn't have even one passenger all day.When he went by the railway station,he saw a young man coming out with two bags in his hands.So he quickly opened the door of the car and asked,“Where do you want to go,sir?” “To Star Hotel,”the young man answered.When the taxi driver heard this,he didn't feel happy any more.He knew the young man could give him only three dollars because the hotel was not far from the railway station.But suddenly,he had an idea.He took the passenger through many streets of the big city.

    After a long time,the car arrived at the hotel at last.“You should pay me fifteen dollars,”the driver said to the young man.“What? Fifteen dollars! Do you think I'm a fool? Only last week,I took a taxi from the railway station to this same hotel and I only gave the driver thirteen dollars.I know how much I have to pay for the trip.I won't pay you one dollar more than I paid to the other taxi driver last week.”

    What is life's greatest gift? It is choice. Choice is the ability to choose some actions from a set of things to achieve a goal{#blank#}1{#/blank#}The reason is that it turns us from dumb animals into artists. Choice becomes the tool we use to sculpt（雕刻）our life. The tool doesn't come free, however, for the price of choice is responsibility.{#blank#}2{#/blank#}It is enjoyment.

    Choice is power. Choice is at the heart of life. It's the creative power of life. Life is always changing and we have to make lots of choices{#blank#}3{#/blank#} We often need to check where we are on our journey. We need to ask questions: Am I moving closer to my goals? If not, what action will I take now to make myself realize my goals?

    {#blank#}4{#/blank#}And our life becomes more convenient or comfortable because of them. For example, you decide which stores to shop at and which bus station to go to. But the decisions that we make to sculpt our lives are much more important than deciding where to shop. The more we understand the difference between small and big decisions, the more pleasure we will get.

    Life is like a chess game.{#blank#}5{#/blank#}All chess lovers realize that it isn't necessary to win to enjoy the game. Make the best moves you can under the conditions. Then you can enjoy your life.

A. Why is choice so great?

B. The pleasure is in the playing.

C. In fact, we have to make choices every day.

D. But when we accept and carry it out, we get a great return.

E. Every choice we make leads us closer to or farther from our goals.

    Are you learning a foreign language? Do you know what a successful Language learner should do?

    First of all, successful language learners are independent(独立的) learners. They do not depend on books or teachers. They find out their own ways to learn the language. Instead of waiting for the teacher to explain, they try to find methods and rules for themselves. They also look for clues (线索)and get their own ideas by guessing(猜测). When they guess wrong, they try again. They try to learn from their mistakes. It is more important for them to learn to think than to know the meaning of every word.

    Successful language learning is active learning, so successful learners do not wait for a chance to use the language. They usually look for such a chance. They find native speakers and ask them for help when they make mistakes. They will try everything to communicate. They are not afraid to what they hear or to say strange things.

    Finally, successful language learners are learners with a purpose(目的).

    They want to learn the language because they are interested in native speakers' lives. It is necessary for them to learn the language in order to communicate with foreigners and learn about their lives. Their cultures and so on.