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题型:阅读理解 题类:常考题 难易度:普通

湖北省湖北大学附属中学2017-2018学年高二上学期英语期末考试试卷

阅读理解

    AlphaGo is a computer program that plays the board game Go.

    In March, 2016, the pride of humankind was crushed (粉碎) by a computer. Google's AlphaGo defeated the South Korean grandmaster (围棋大师) Lee Sedol four games to one, as the world looked on with shock and awe (敬畏). Artificial intelligence (AI, 人工智能) had suddenly reached a new and unexpected height.

    But as smart as AlphaGo is, it's no longer the best Go “player” in the world. Google's artificial intelligence group, DeepMind, has created the next generation of its Go-playing program, called AlphaGo Zero. The new AI program is unique in the way it learned to play Go. Instead of learning from thousands of human matches, as its predecessor (前任) did, AlphaGo Zero mastered Go in just two days without any human knowledge of the game and defeated AlphaGo by day three, reported The Guardian. It then went on to defeat AlphaGo 100 games to zero.

    To learn how to play Go, AlphaGo Zero played millions of matches against itself using only the basic rules of the game to rapidly create its own knowledge of it. Like the previous version, it used “reinforcement (增强) learning to become its own teacher,” according to DeepMind's website.

    “It's more powerful than previous approaches,” David Silver, AlphaGo's lead researcher, told The Guardian, “because by not using human data, or human expertise in any fashion, we've removed the constraints (约束) of human knowledge and it is able to create knowledge itself.”

    AlphaGo Zero's approach to self-learning is a significant advancement in AI that could be applied to help solve some of the world's biggest problems, according to a recent research report published in the journal Nature. For example, DeepMind co-founder Demis Hassabis argues that AlphaGo Zero could probably find cures for a number of serious diseases within weeks, according to The Telegraph. Indeed, the AI is now being used to study protein folding, which is connected to diseases such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's.

    So now that AI has exceeded (超过) the bounds of human knowledge, perhaps the question is not about what AI can learn from humans, but what humans can learn from AI. We can only wait and see.

(1)、What can we learn from the first three paragraphs?
A、AlphaGo defeated Lee Sedol five games to zero. B、AlphaGo Zero defeated AlphaGo within one day. C、AlphaGo Zero is the first program to defeat a human at Go. D、AlphaGo Zero has become the new best Go player.
(2)、How is AlphaGo Zero different from previous Go-playing programs?
A、It can collect human knowledge automatically. B、It can create knowledge without human limits. C、It can become its own teacher in learning Go skills. D、It can play many matches without a break.
(3)、What's the possible application of AI in the future according to the article?
A、Treating diseases. B、Making new Go rules. C、Solving math problems. D、Creating new proteins.
(4)、What is the author's attitude towards AI?
A、Mixed. B、Hopeful. C、Doubtful. D、Worried.
举一反三
阅读理解
My father was always a good gardener.One of my earliest memories is standing without shoes in the freshly tilled(翻耕的)soil, my handsblackened from digging in the ground.
As a child, I loved following Dad aroundin the garden, I remember Dad pushing the tiller(耕作机)ahead in perfectly straight lines. Dadloved growing all sorts of things: yellow and green onions, watermelons almostas big as me, rows of yellow com, and our favorite — red tomatoes.
As I grew into a teenager, I didn'tget so excited about gardening with Dad. Instead of magical land ofpossibility, it had turned into some kind of prison. As Dad grew older, hislove for gardening never disappeared. After all the kids were grown and hadstarted families of their own, Dad turned to gardening like never before. Evenwhen he was diagnosed with cancer, he still took care of his garden.
But then, the cancer, bit by bit,invaded his body. I had to do the things he used to do. What really convincedme that Dad was dying was the state of his garden that year. The rows and rowsof multicolored vegetables were gone. Too tired to weed them, he simply letthem be. He only planted tomatoes.
For the first few years after he died,I couldn't even bear to look at anyone's garden without having strong memoriespour over me like cold water from a bucket. Three years ago, I decided to plantmy own garden and started out with just a few tomatoes. That morning, afterbreaking up a fair amount of soil, something caught the comer of my eye and Ihad to smile, It was my eight-year-old son Nathan, happily playing in thefreshly tilled soil.
阅读理解

    Your kids are amazing especially compared with everybody else's (who seem to cry all the time). How do you show your love for your kids this holiday season? With toys that are smooth and colorful, interactive and exciting. And with ones that have educational value because you are the boss.

1). FLAX ART HOSPITAL PUZZLE AND PLAY SET

    Here is a toy that doesn't need power and the kids have to put it together themselves. This 50-piece puzzle set that can make your children active is made of soft-edged hardwood and make a complete hospital, with an X ray room. It also includes eight patients, a car and a driver. $ 135; flaxart.com.

2). TINY LOVE ACTIVITY BALL

    Sure, it's cool, but this colorful baby toy also develops problem solving and motor skills. It has a head and legs, a magnetic(磁性的) hand and a tail. Suitable for little ones from 6 to 36 months. $19.95; tinylove.com.

3). ROBOSAPIEN

    This small, remote control robot is really powerful. It performs 67 preprogrammed functions(功能), including throwing, kicking, picking up and dancing. You can even program your own function ——which, sadly, does not include doing windows. $99;  robosapienonline.com.

4). MINI PEDAL(脚踏板的)CAR

    Want a Mini Cooper but can't fit the family inside? Get one for the kids. They can jump into this Mini car, which comes in hot orange with a single adjustable(可调的) seat, and ride away. For ages 3 to 5. $189; miniusa.com (click on "gear up," then "Mini motoring gear").

根据短文内容,选择最佳答案,并将选定答案的字母标号填在题前括号内。

阅读短文,从每题所给的4个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。

    Samuel Osmond is a 19­year­old boy student from Cornwall, England. He never studied the piano. However, he can play very difficult musical pieces by musicians such as Chopin and Beethoven just a few minutes after he hears them. He learns a piece of music by listening to it in parts. Then he thinks about the notes in his head. Two years ago, he played his first piece Moonlight Sonata (奏鸣曲) by Beethoven. He surprised everyone around him.

    Amazed that he remembered this long and difficult piece of music and played it perfectly, his teachers say Samuel is unbelievable. They say his ability is very rare, but Samuel doesn't even realize that what he can do is special. Samuel wanted to become a lawyer as it was the wish of his parents, but music teachers told him he should study music instead. Now, he studied law and music.

    Samuel can't understand why everyone is so surprised. "I grew up with music. My mother played the piano and my father played the guitar. About two years ago, I suddenly decided to start playing the piano, without being able to read music and without having any lessons. It comes easily to me—I hear the notes and can bear them in mind—each and every note." says Samuel.

    Recently, Samuel performed a piece during a special event at his college. The piece had more than a thousand notes. The audience was impressed by his amazing performance. He is now learning a piece that is so difficult that many professional pianists can't play it. Samuel says confidently, "It's all about super memory—I guess I have that gift."

    However, Samuel's ability to remember things doesn't stop with music. His family says that even when he was a young boy, Samuel heard someone read a story, and then he could retell the story word for word.

    Samuel is still only a teenager. He doesn't know what he wants to do in the future. For now, he is just happy to play beautiful music and continue his studies.

阅读理解

    The great-grandmother is learning English with the help of her family when she is at the age of 91. She hopes to use the language at next year's Olympic Games in Tokyo. Takamizawa was one of the more than 200, 00 people who requested to volunteer for Tokyo's 2020 Games. English is not required for service, but it is a useful skill for volunteers to have.

    But Takamizawa had not been able to learn the language when she was young. Takamizawa said that she was in high school when World War Two started. She said, "In my second year there, English was banned because it was the enemy language."

    Takamizawa said her grandchildren helped persuade her that she was not too old to learn. "When I talked to my grandchildren about my wish, they said, 'It's not too late. We will teach you one word a day' ". Natsuko is Takamizawa's granddaughter and main English teacher. Natsuko sends a new English word to her grandmother's phone every day. They also often work together directly on phrases that Takamizawa will need for the Olympics. "Welcome to Tokyo, this is the Olympic stadium, how can I help you?" Takamizawa answers when asked to say an English phrase she has learned. Natsuko explains that she wanted to give her grandmother something to enjoy. "I can clearly see her English is getting better. It's my joy now."

    The EF English Proficiency Index is a measure of the level of English spoken in a country. Japan ranks 49th among countries where English is not the first language. This situation is slowly changing as younger generations welcome English. However, Takamizawa believes real change will not happen unless Japanese people become more open to the rest of the world. With around 500 days to go until the games begin, the whole Takamizawa family is ready to welcome the world to Tokyo.

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