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题型:任务型阅读 题类:常考题 难易度:困难

江苏省镇江市2017-2018学年高一上学期英语期末考试试卷

任务型阅读

Brainstorming for Ideas

    Try blind writing. When trying to get past a writing block or a brainstorming lag, take at least ten minutes to sit down and write. Force yourself to write for the full ten minutes, no matter what comes of it. The act of putting pen to paper will stimulate the part of your mind that generates ideas.

    Make a mind map. Mind mapping is a brainstorming strategy that allows you to map out different tangents of thought to stimulate new ideas. Get a piece of paper, poster board, or whiteboard and write your goal in the center. Write subtopics and related thoughts around the goal, and continue branching out from them to develop your train of thought. For example, a mind map about the environmental goal “Going Green” could branch into subtopics such as “Reducing Waste”, “Eco-travel”, and “Global Warming”.

    Attempt “rolestorming”. For a fresh perspective on a topic,attempt “rolestorming”. Picture yourself as someone else (e.g. a parent, friend, colleague, or partner) and imagine how you would approach a scenario as them. You can extend this brainstorming technique to famous people or historical figures (e.g. Albert Einstein, Bill Gates).

    Try meditation. To open your mind to new ideas, try meditation. Find a peaceful place to sit quietly and focus on the question at hand (e.g. “How can I promote my new business on my limited budget?”). Bring a pen and paper to jot down ideas, and meditate for about 30 minutes, or until a good idea comes to you. To avoid worrying about the time, set an alarm on your phone to signal the 30 minute mark.

    Remove limitations. Remove the limitations that may be hindering your brainstorming progress by approaching the subject as if there were no obstacles. While this process may not yield feasible solutions right away, it will open your mind to possibilities you would not look at otherwise. For instance, when planning a surprise party, you might overlook certain venues because of financial constraints, such as an expensive French restaurant that your friend would love to try. By allowing your mind to go there during brainstorming, you might get the idea to simulate the restaurant and meal for a house party.

    Discuss things in a group. Group brainstorming sessions can allow you to develop your thoughts by feeding off of the ideas of others. If you are working on a group project or collaboration, schedule brainstorming time in a quiet location with no disturbance. If you are working on your own project, ask friends or colleagues if you can bounce ideas off of them and get their input.

Brainstorming for Ideas

Passage outline

Supporting details

Try blind writing.

•Force yourself to write for the full ten minutes, comes of it.

•The part of your mind that generates ideas will be  by the act of putting pen to paper.

Make a mind map.

•Mind mapping is a brainstorming strategy allowing you to find out different ways to stimulate new ideas.

• Get a piece of paper, poster board, or whiteboard and write your  in the center.

• Branch out from subtopics and related thoughts to  your train of thought.

 “rolestorming”.

•Picture yourself as someone else and imagine how you would approach a scenario as them.

• This brainstorming technique can be  to famous people or historical figures.

Try meditation.

•Find a peaceful place to sit quietly and focus on the question at hand.

•Bring a pen and paper to jot down ideas, and meditate for about 30 minutes, or until you  up with a good idea.

Remove limitations.

 the limitations that may be hindering your brainstorming progress by approaching the subject as if there were no obstacles.

• While this process may not bring out practical solutions , it will open your mind to other possibilities.

Discuss things in a group.

• When cooperating with others, remember to brainstorm quietly without being .

举一反三
任务型阅读

    Every person wants to achieve the goals set at the beginning of a new school year. The following are some ways to help you achieve your goals.

    {#blank#}1{#/blank#}When it comes to choosing your goal, ensure that it states precisely what it is that you want to achieve. Don't generalize. Your goal should involve both what you want to achieve and the effort that you will put in to achieve it.

    {#blank#}2{#/blank#}Having a copy of your goal makes it real. You can write you goal in a journal you'll be keeping all year, or you can write it on a poster and stick it on your desk so that you can look at it each day. Every time you remind yourself of your goal, you're training your brain to accept the effort needed to make the goal happen.

    Try various methods. One may not work while another may be just right for you.{#blank#}3{#/blank#}Some people learn best through writing, some through listening and reading, and some through talking it through. Once you realize which way works for you, you can work better and achieve your goal easily.

    Think positive.{#blank#}4{#/blank#}Negative thoughts are unhelpful and they became roadblocks. Stop telling yourself you can't and start telling yourself you can, and talk about you are doing rather than hoping you can do something. Always believe that you're capable, even if you have difficulty along the way.

    Reward yourself along the way.{#blank#}5{#/blank#}Occasionally, when you've achieved certain “milestones” in your goal plan, take a break and reward yourself. Watch a movie, visit a friend who lives across town, go to the ice cream shop with your friends or buy yourself something new.

A. Write down your goal.

B. Choose specific and realistic gals

C. Be aware of the way you learn best

D. Remember that everyone makes mistakes

E. Set aside some time each week for exercise

F. All study and no reward can break your spirit

G. If you're not in the right state of mind, you won't be able to succeed.

任务型阅读

    It's considered to be the most important meal of the day, but do you really take the time to put together a healthy meal first thing in the morning? If you're watching your weight, skipping breakfast will damage your efforts to lose weight{#blank#}1{#/blank#} It can also speed up your metabolism (新陈代谢).

    Making breakfast a habit may not be easy. Use these tips to make eating breakfast a habit:

    Get up earlier{#blank#}2{#/blank#} Get up ten to fifteen minutes before your regular wake-up time that you have enough time to prepare a tasty meal before your day begins. Try to make time to include breakfast in your daily schedule and stick to it so it becomes a habit.

    Plan your meals ahead of time{#blank#}3{#/blank#} Put together three or four different breakfast recipes that you know you will actually eat. A little planning can help you make eating breakfast a habit as soon as possible.

    Be selective. Buy a handful of ingredients to put together a healthy breakfast yourself, instead of relying on prepared breakfast food and snacks{#blank#}4{#/blank#} If you don't like “traditional” breakfast foods, eat what you like so that you're willing to stick with it to make eating breakfast a habit.

    {#blank#}5{#/blank#} If you're working out in the morning, plan to eat breakfast within an hour after your workout so your body can recover. Again, planning ahead will make eating this meal a part of your daily routine.

A. The fresher the food, the better.

B. Breakfast is the first meal of the day.

C. Eat breakfast around your workout schedule.

D. Developing the habit of eating breakfast is important.

E. Eating breakfast can reduce your hunger later in the day.

F. Being rushed for time is a common excuse to skip breakfast.

G. Make sure you include a variety of healthy food choices for breakfast.

请阅读下面短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意:请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填一个单词。

    China is expected to see a record high number of college graduates in 2018 as around 8.2 million students will obtain their degree this year, according to the latest statistics from Ministry of Education. The number of college graduates in China has been rising since 2001, which leads to a more competitive employment market.

    However, besides fierce competition, many graduates admit that they face another big problem-employment discrimination. A research in 2017 shows that around 75.7 percent of new graduates said they were, to some extent, discriminated or suffered from injustice when finding jobs.

    Female college graduates still face great wall of discrimination in the employment market. “Males only”, “Married with children preferred”: These are some of the conditions commonly found in recruitment (招募) advertisements. According to a research by Renmin University of China in 2015, male college graduates do have more interview opportunities than female college graduates despite the similar academic background and work experience.

    Regional discrimination also becomes a barrier for job seekers. Some companies dismiss job seekers from specific regions due to the regional stereotypes (成见), like “Central China's Henan Province is the cradle of liars” and “people from Northeast region are usually rude.”

    Recruitment advertisements sometimes also show favor for local applicants. Non-locals had been denied jobs because their registered residence origin was not the same as the city where they were hunting for a job.

    Apart from “invisible thresholds (门槛)” like gender and region, college graduates in recent years were disappointed to find that personal details like superstitions (迷信) about blood type, zodiac, and facial structure were all part of the decision-making process by some potential employers.

    An applicant's surname can also help or hamper (妨碍) job prospects. A family name that suggests prosperity, like Jin, which means “gold”; while a last name like Pei, which can mean “to lose money”, would likely be negative. Besides, job seekers also found that some employers paid much attention to their appearance rather than the working performance.

    To fight against employment discrimination, both the government and society have made great efforts. In 2007, Employment Promotion Law was passed with the purpose of apposing employment discrimination and promoting justice in job recruitment.

    The Ministry of Education in 2017 issued regulations to ban work discrimination in on-campus job fairs. This year, several cities, bureau of human resources required job fair organizers to set special reception desks so as to deal with job seekers, complaints about discrimination.

    Non-profit organizations were established to oppose work discrimination, while legal aids were also provided to job seekers through social media platforms like Weibo and WeChat.

Employment Discrimination

Current{#blank#}1{#/blank#}

In addition to fierce competition, employment discrimination is another big problem {#blank#}2{#/blank#} many graduates.

Forms of employment discrimination

Gender discrimination:

Male college graduates are more {#blank#}3{#/blank#} to land a job than their female counterparts in spite of the similar educational qualifications and relevant job experience.

Regional discrimination:

• {#blank#}4{#/blank#}from specific regions like Central China's Henan Province and Northeast region are excluded from some companies.

• Local registered residence origin is a{#blank#}5{#/blank#} factor in finding a job.

Visible thresholds:

Greater {#blank#}6{#/blank#} is attached to personal details and appearance in {#blank#}7{#/blank#} with the working performance.

{#blank#}8{#/blank#} made to fight against employment

discrimination

• Passing laws to{#blank#}9{#/blank#} to work discrimination and promote justice in job recruitment;

• Issuing regulations to ban employment discrimination in on-campus job fairs;

• Setting special reception desks to {#blank#}10{#/blank#} job seekers' complaints;

• Establishing non-profit organizations to provide legal aids to job seekers through social media platforms.

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

    I do think that dieting does not work. What it does do is to make you uneasy about food. Imagine you are prepared to abandon your belief and imagine yourself like a slim person...how do you get there?

Transform your focus

    {#blank#}1{#/blank#}Focus on what you really want, not what you don't want. Imagine how you would like to be. See a big picture of yourself, looking fantastic in your bathing suit, how good would you be feeling?{#blank#}2{#/blank#}

Understand your hunger

    Slim people eat based on how hungry they are and when lunch time or tea time or dinner time around; they don't just fill up their plate because the food is there. The next time hunger pangs (剧痛) strike, imagine you have a scale in your mind from one to ten. {#blank#}3{#/blank#}Check where you are on that scale before you put something into your mouth. You can also use the scale to judge how full you're getting.

    {#blank#}4{#/blank#}

    Hunger is the only good reason for eating. Most overweight people have got into the habit of eating    when they are not hungry. {#blank#}5{#/blank#}Many people have forgotten how to eat when they're hungry and most    diets tell you to ignore pleasure and ignore hunger and they also tell you when/how much and exactly what to eat.

A. Recognize real hunger

B. Don't watch TV or read books while eating.

C. One means you're starving; ten means you're not hungry.

D. Slim people eat based on how hungry they feel before a meal.

E. Exercise is an efficient way of losing weight.

F. Start by believing in yourself as a slim person.

G. Get that great confident feeling by creating how you would like to be.

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

A. Use words, not complete sentences.

B. First, the simple act of writing something down makes it easier for you to understand and remember it.

C. That means you must first decide what is important enough to include in your notes.

D. You will also want to develop your own method for taking notes.

    Taking good notes is a time-saving skill that will help you to become a better student in several ways. {#blank#}1{#/blank#} Second, your notes are excellent materials to refer to when you are studying for a test. Third, note-taking offers variety to your study time and helps you to hold your interest.

    You will want to take notes during classroom discussions and while reading a textbook or doing research for a report. {#blank#}2{#/blank#} Whenever or however you take notes, keep in mind that note-taking is a selective process. {#blank#}3{#/blank#}

    The following methods may work best for you.

    ●Read the text quickly to find the main facts and ideas in it.

    ●Carefully read the text and watch for words that can show main points and supporting facts.

    ●Write your notes in your own words.

    ●{#blank#}4{#/blank#}

    ●Note any questions or ideas you may have about what was said or written.

    As you take notes, you may want to use your own shorthand (速记). When you do, be sure that you understand your symbols (符号) and that you use them all the time. Otherwise, you may not be able to read your notes later.

请认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。

    If there is one word to describe the progress made in the last 100 years, it's connectedness. From the telephone to the radio to the TV to the Internet, we have found ways to bring us all closer together, enabling,constant worldly access.

    I don't think I need to highlight the benefits of all this. But the downsides are also beginning to show. Beyond the current talk about privacy and data collection, there is perhaps an even more detrimental side-effect here: We now live in a world where we're connected to everything except ourselves. According to Pascal, we fear the silence of existence, and we dread boredom and instead choose aimless distraction and use the noise of the world to block out the discomfort of dealing with ourselves.

    However, we ignore the fact that never facing ourselves is why we feel lonely an anxious in spite of being so intimately connected to everything else around us.

    Fortunately, there is a solution. The only way to avoid being ruined by this is to face it. It's to let the boredom take you where it wants so you can deal with whatever it is that is really going on with your sense of self. That's when you'll hear yourself think, and learn to engage the parts of you that are masked by distraction.

    The beauty of this is that, once you cross that initial barrier, you realize that being alone isn't so bad. Boredom can provide its own stimulation.

    When you surround yourself with moments of solitude and stillness, you become intimately familiar with your environment in a way that forced stimulation doesn't allow. The world becomes richer, the layers start to peel back, and you see things for what they really are, in all their wholeness, in all their contradictions, and in all their unfamiliarity.

    You learn that there are things you are capable of paying attention to than just what makes the most noise on the surface. Just because a quiet room doesn't scream with excitement like the idea of immersing yourself in a movie or a TV show doesn't mean there isn't depth to explore there.

    Sometimes, the direction that this solitude leads you in can be unpleasant, especially when it comes to introspection (内省)—your thoughts and your feelings, your doubts and your hopes—but in the long term, it's far more pleasant than running away from it all without even realizing what you are.

    Being alone and connecting inwardly is a skill nobody ever teaches us. That's ironic because it's more important than most of the ones they do.

    Solitude may not be the solution to everything, but it certainly is a start.

The Cost of Connectedness

Introduction

●{#blank#}1{#/blank#} the development of IT has brought us all closer together than ever before, we {#blank#}2{#/blank#}to connect ourselves while connected to everything.

The disadvantages of connectedness

● We are afraid of a{#blank#}3{#/blank#} state of existence and the boredom it brings.

●We feel so uncomfortable when dealing with ourselves that we {#blank#}4{#/blank#} from it all and choose to be aimlessly distracted by the noise of the world.

●We often ignore the fact that never facing ourselves is to {#blank#}5{#/blank#} for our feeling lonely and anxious.

The {#blank#}6{#/blank#} to the problem

●You can deal with whatever is going on with your sense of self.

●You'll hear yourself, think, and learn to engage what is masked by distraction.

●Being alone isn't so bad. {#blank#}7{#/blank#}, you'll be stimulated by boredom.

●The world becoming richer and ,the layers starting to peel back, you'll have {#blank#}8{#/blank#} views about what you see.

●You'll find yourself capable of being attentive to some things and {#blank#}9{#/blank#} in depth beyond noise and scream.

Conclusion

●Solitude is the first step you should take to save yourself from being ruined by {#blank#}10{#/blank#} and anxiety.

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