题型:阅读表达 题类:模拟题 难易度:困难
天津市南开区2017届高三英语模拟试卷(四)
Some years ago industries had more freedom than they now, and they did not need to be as careful as they must today. They did not need to worry a lot about the safety of the new products that they developed. They took little notice of the health and safety of the people who worked for them. Often new products were dangerous for the people who used them and conditions in the work place had very bad effects on the health of the workers.
Of course, sometimes there were real disasters which attracted the attention of governments and which showed the need for changes. Also scientists who were doing research into the health of workers sometimes produced information which governments could not ignore. At such times, there were inquiries into the causes of the disasters or the problems. New safety rules were often introduced as a result of these inquiries; however, the new rules came too late to protect the people who died or who became seriously ill.
Today many governments have special departments which protect customers and workers. In the U. S, for example, there is a department which tests new airplanes and gives warnings about possible problems. It also makes the rules that aircraft producers must follow. Another department controls the foods and drugs that companies sell. A third department looks at the places where people work, and then reports any companies that are breaking the laws which protect the health and safety of workers. Of course, new government departments and new laws cannot prevent every accident or illness, but they are having some good results. Our work places are safer and cleaner than before. The planes and cars which we use for travel are better. Producers are thinking more about the safety and health of the people who buy and use their products.
The Internet has opened up a whole new online world for us to meet, chat and go where we've never been before.
But just as in face to face communication, there are some rules of behavior that should be followed when on line. {#blank#}1{#/blank#} Imagine how you'd feel if you were in the other person's shoes. For anything you're about to send: ask yourself, “Would I say this to the person's face?” If the answer is no, rewrite and reread. {#blank#}2{#/blank#}
If someone in the chat room is rude to you, your instinct(本能) is to fire back in the same manner. But try not to do so. {#blank#}3{#/blank#} If it was caused by a disagreement with another member, try to fix the situation by politely discussing it. Remember to respect the beliefs and opinions of others in the chat room.
{#blank#}4{#/blank#} Offer advice when asked by newcomers, as they may not be sure what to do or how to communicate. When someone makes a mistake, whether it's a stupid question or an unnecessarily long answer, be kind about it. If it's a small mistake, you may not need to say anything. Even if you feel strongly about it, think twice before saying anything. Having good manners yourself doesn't give you license to correct everyone else. {#blank#}5{#/blank#} At the same time, if you find you are wrong, be sure to correct yourself and apologize to those that you have offended(冒犯). It is not polite to ask others personal questions such as their age, sex and marital(婚姻的) status. Unless you know the person very well, and you are both comfortable with sharing personal information, don't ask such questions.
A. If you do decide to tell someone about a mistake, point it out politely. B. It's natural that there are some people who speak rudely or make mistakes online. C. Repeat the process till you feel sure that you'd feel comfortable saying the words to the person's face. D. Everyone was new to the network once. E. The basic rule is simple: treat others in the same way you would want to be treated. F. When you send short messages to a person online, you must say something beautiful to hear. G. You should either ignore the person, or use your chat software to block their messages. |
The jobs of the future have not been invented, {#blank#}1{#/blank#} By helping them develop classic skills that will serve them well no matter what the future holds.
⒈Curiosity
Your children need to be deeply curious. {#blank#}2{#/blank#} Ask kids, “What ingredients (配料) can we add to make these pancakes even better next time” and then try them out. Did those ingredients make the pancakes better? What could we try next time?
⒉Creativity
True creativity is the ability to take something existing and create something new from it {#blank#}3{#/blank#}There are a dozen different things you can do with them. Experimenting with materials to create something new can go a long way in helping them develop their Creativity.
⒊Interpersonal Skills
Understanding how others feel can be a challenge for kids. We know what is going on inside our own head, but what about others? Being able to read people helps kids from misreading a situation and jumping to false conclusions. {#blank#}4{#/blank#} “Why do you think she is crying?” “Can you tell how that man is feeling by looking at his face?” “If someone were to do that to you, how would you feel?”
⒋Self Expression
{#blank#}5{#/blank#} There are many ways to express thoughts and ideas ¡ª music, acting, drawing, building, photography. You may find that your child is attracted by one more than another.
A. Encourage kids to cook with you. B. And we can't forget science education. C. We can give kids chances to think about materials in new ways. D. So how can we help our kids prepare for jobs that don't yet exist? E. Gardening is another great activity for helping kids develop this skill. F. We can do this in real life or ask questions about characters in stories. G. Being able to communicate ideas in a meaningful way is a valuable skill. |
注意:每个空格只填1个单词。
The 17th-century French tragedian Pierre Corneille wrote: The manner of giving is worth more than the gift”. He had a point, according to Charles Spence, head of Crossmodal Research Laboratory at the University of Oxford.
The professor's work focuses on how our brains sense the world around us. His research has shown that high-frequency sounds and curved shapes seem to increase the sweetness wine tastes better if it is accompanied by the popping sound of a cork and drunk from all these created multisensory experiences.
So, what's his advice if you want to impress this holiday season?
Bulk it up hide
“We've just published research on eating a box of chocolates,” Mr Spence said. “If you are 30-gram weight in a box of chocolates, that weight translates to a significant increase perceived(感知)quality of the chocolate.”
There are exceptions, but the association between weight and the perception of luxury(奢侈)applies to many items including tableware, perfume(香水)and wine, Mr. Spence said. “That's why in a restaurant, a waiter might artfully give you the bottle to weigh in your hand,” he added.
Black is basic
Black is the color most associated with luxury because, Mr. Spence said ,“it seems to be the color that we perceive to be the heaviest.”
Such luxury indications are learned, rather than inborn, so they can change over time. I'm doing a lot of work on transparency(透明) at the moment; high-quality packaged goods should have a transparent window because it suggests freshness or quality,” he said.
But the trend is recent, the professor added, because “traditionally luxury goods used to have nontransparent packaging. I think it has to do with the current desire for originality.”
Layer it on
Unnecessary wrapping(包裹)can be an ecological concern but, when it comes to luxury goods like wine in a presentation case, it does make an impression.
“Tissue layers are really good,” Mr. Spence said, “because the crinkle adds an extra sense to the experience.”
Consider a little perfume in the box or wrapping, and, if you want to involve other senses, work out some way for classical music to be playing when the gift is opened because we associate it with quality.
Engaging several senses at once is beneficial.“ The brain combines the inputs from each sense, both to determine what something is, but also to determine a reward value,”Mr. Spence said. Also, the more stimuli(刺激)to the senses, the more activity is produced in the orbitofrontal cortex, a small part of brain situated just beside the eyes. And the more activity there, the more rewarding something is perceived to be.
You can go too far
“Engaging an extra sense is more effective, but you can potentially have a disagreement if that extra sense doesn't match the others.” the professor said.
passage outline |
Supporting details |
Introduction |
{#blank#}1{#/blank#}a gift is given is more important than the gift itself. |
Research support |
Involvement of different {#blank#}2{#/blank#}may give you hotter experiences. |
{#blank#}3{#/blank#} |
·Increase the {#blank#}4{#/blank#}of a gift: it improves perception of quality and luxury. |
·{#blank#}5{#/blank#}your gifts in black: it's considered to be the heaviest. ·Leave a transparent window in the packaging: people {#blank#}6{#/blank#}to associate it with originality. |
|
·Wrap your gifts with tissue: it gives an extra sense which may {#blank#}7{#/blank#}to the receiver. ·Add perfume or music to the gift: they stimulate the senses of smell and {#blank#}8{#/blank#}. |
|
·Don't go to {#blank#}9{#/blank#}: there is a risk that different senses don't match. |
|
Conclusion |
The thought behind a gift {#blank#}10{#/blank#}. |
This time of year, thousands of college applicants wait for enotices and auspiciously(吉利地) sized envelopes from schools, under terrible pressure from their parents, friends, teachers, and themselves. As to this, I offer some advice, which comes not only from a bit of experience, but also a bit of research: just cool out and continue, okay?
Many parents and students think there is a world of difference between the lifelong outcomes of an Aminus student who gets into, say. Princeton, and an Aminus student who applies to Princeton but "only" gets into some less selective school, like Penn State or the University of Wisconsin. They assume that a decision made by faceless Ivy League admissions officers, to some extent, will mark the difference between success and failure in life.
There are two important things to say about this stress. First, to put the anxiety into context, the kids applying to these schools are already doing quite well. Seventy percent of 29-year-olds don't have a bachelor's degree, and the majority of BAs are earned at nonselective schools that accept a majority of their applicants. Many of the applicants have already won life's lottery.
But if that doesn't ease the nerves of the 40,000 people waiting on Stanford or Penn, here is a more encouraging conclusion from economics. For most applicants, it doesn't matter if they don't get into their top choice, according to a paper by Stacy Dale, a mathematician at Mathematica Policy Research, and Alan Krueger, an economist at Princeton University. They tracked two groups of students——one that attended college in the 1970s and the other in the early 1990s. They wanted to know:Did students attending the most elite colleges earn more in their 30s. 40s. and 50s than students with similar SAT scores, who were rejected by elite colleges? The short answer was no. Or, in the author's language, the difference between the students who went to superselective schools and the students with similar SAT scores rejected by those schools and went to less selective institutions was "indistinguishable from zero."
What does that mean? It means that, for many students, "who you are" is more important than where you go. It's hard to show that highly selective colleges add much earning power, even with their distinguished professors and professional networks. In addition, the decision of admissions officers isn't as important as the sum of the decisions, habits, and relationships students have built up to this point in their young life.
For the elite colleges themselves, the DaleKrueger paper had additional, fascinating findings. It's found that the most selective schools do make an extraordinary difference in life earning for minority students from less-educated families who are more likely to rely on colleges to provide the training and job networks with great influence. Getting into Princeton if your parents went to Princeton? Fine, although not a gamechanger. But getting into Princeton if your parents both left community college after a year? That could be gamechanging. Whatever the results, it's more important to choose a university that is suited to the college applicants.
What is an elite college really worth for? | |
Introduction | College applicants tend to feel{#blank#}1{#/blank#}while awaiting admission decisions. |
Author's advice | College applicants should cool down and carry {#blank#}2{#/blank#}. |
General {#blank#}3{#/blank#} | Success and failure in life is partly {#blank#}4{#/blank#}by which school you will go to. |
Two important things | Those {#blank#}5{#/blank#} to the top universities have already won half the battle in their young life. Students graduating from top universities don't necessarily earn more money than those who are turned {#blank#}6{#/blank#} by top universities. |
Implication of the research | {#blank#}7{#/blank#} qualities matter more than where a student gets degree. {#blank#}8{#/blank#} can be more important than the social and problem-solving skills students have acquired. |
Additional findings of the research | Minority students from lesseducated families can gain access to the {#blank#}9{#/blank#} networks through highly selective colleges. |
Conclusion | It makes sense to find a good {#blank#}10{#/blank#}. |
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