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题型:阅读理解 题类:常考题 难易度:普通

宁夏育才中学2018届高三上学期英语期末考试试卷

阅读理解

    26-year-old Anna Cherdantseva, from the city of Ufa in Russia, is a full-time employee of a furniture company, spending up t0 10 hours every day trying out new sofas for comfort and safety.

    Last month, Russian furniture giant M25 Group announced that it was taking application for a new position. Although all new products are tested in a specialized laboratory, management decided that in order to better meet the needs of consumers it needed some feedback(反馈) on real-life use of its sofas.  In just a few days, M25 received over 5,000 job applications.

    "We selected candidates in several stages," M25 Group spokesperson Anastasia Russkih said.  "Initially we checked their CVs, and then we let them tell us why they wanted the job. " Eventually, the furniture company shortlisted just 7 candidates, out of which Anna Cherdantseva, a 26-year-old marketing expert, proved to be the most suitable for the job.  "It was a real fight for my dream job," Anna said after getting selected.

    Despite describing herself as an active person, Cherdantseva says that spending about l0 hours a day sitting on sofas doesn't sound bad at all.  "Of course I will spend a lot of time on new sofas.  The more time I spend on them, the better it will be for my work," she told reporters.

    Anna Cherdantseva is at present on a three-month probation(试用期) at M25, but the company claims that as long as she proves to be up to the task, they plan on offering her a permanent position The young woman will receive a monthly salary of 56,000 rubles( $l,000) for the first three months.  It's not so bad for sitting on the job.

(1)、What does Anna Cherdantseva work as?
A、A sofa seller. B、A sofa designer. C、A sofa tester. D、A sofa maker.
(2)、How did Anna Cherdantseva get her new job?
A、By going through fierce competitions. B、By dressing up as a marketing expert. C、By being strongly recommended by a friend. D、By making friends with the boss of M25 Group.
(3)、What does Anna Cherdantseva think of her new job?
A、Tiring. B、Satisfying. C、Uninteresting. D、Challenging.
(4)、What can be inferred about Cherdantseva from the text?
A、She usually does a lot of physical sports. B、Her new job requires standing for long hours. C、The total pay for her probation will be l,ooo dollars. D、Whether she will be permanently hired is still unknown.
举一反三
阅读理解

    For an increasing number of students at American universities, Old is suddenly in. The reason is obvious: the graying of America means jobs, coupled with the aging of the baby-boom generation, a longer life span means that the nation's elderly population is bound to expand significantly over the next 50 years. By 2050, 25 percent of all Americans will be older than 65, up from 14 percent in 1995.The change poses profound questions for government and society, of course. But it also creates career opportunities in medicine and health professions and in law and business as well. “In addition to the doctors, we're going to need more sociologists, biologists, urban planners and specialized lawyers,” says Professor Edward Schneider of the University of Southern California's (USC) School of Gerontology(老年学).

    Lawyers can specialize in “elder law”, which covers everything from trusts and estates to nursing-home abuse and age discrimination. Businessmen see huge opportunities in the elder market because the baby boomers, 74 million strong, are likely to be the wealthiest group of retirees in human history. “Any student who combines an expert knowledge in gerontology with, say, an MBA or law degree will have a license to print money,” one professor says.

    Margarite Santos is a 21-year-old senior at USC. She began college as a biology major but found she was “really bored with bacteria.” So she took a class in gerontology and discovered that she liked it. She says, “I did volunteer work in retirement homes and it was very satisfying.”

阅读理解

    Your next car could have two seats, three wheels — two in front and one in the back and a top speed of more than 100 miles per hour. Elio Motors plans to make such a tiny car named the Elio. Its two seats sit front and back instead of side by side. The driver is positioned in the center with the passenger directly behind.

    The starting price for the car is just $6,800. It has only one door, on the left side, which cuts a few hundred dollars off the manufacturing costs. Having three wheels also makes it cheaper. It has air conditioning, power windows and door locks and an AM/FM radio. More features can be ordered through Elio's long list of suppliers. Elio will also sell the cars directly through its own stores and not through franchised dealers (特约经销商).

    Paul Elio dreamed as a kid that he would one day own a car company called Elio Motors. In 2008, tired of high gas prices, he started working on a car that burns gas in a more effective way. Equally important to him was creating U.S. manufacturing jobs and making the car inexpensive enough to attract buyers who might otherwise be stuck in their old, unreliable cars. “Whatever matters to you, this can move the needle on it,” he said.

    Already, more than 27,000 people have reserved (预订) one. Paul hopes to make 250,000 cars a year by 2016. So far, reservation holders are those who will use the Elio as a second or third car for work. Finally, though, he believes the car will interest high school and college students as well as used-car drivers who want something newer and more reliable.

阅读理解

    Google's new camera, called Clips, is a small, smart device. It comes with a case that has a clip (夹子),but it's not designed to be worn on your clothing. Most interestingly, it uses artificial intelligence to take photography out of your hands so it can capture moments on its own.

    This roughly 2-inch by 2-inch camera, with a three-hour battery life and Gorilla Glass for toughness, is intended for candid moments, like when a child does something cute that may happen too quickly for you to pull out your smartphone.

On board the Clips device, it uses machine learning algorithms (计算程序) to help capture scenes. Those algorithms include face recognition. “Once it learns that there's a face you see frequently, it'll try to get nice photos of those faces,” said Juston Payne, the device's product manager. And they also want it to recognize facial expressions, which involved “training it to know what happiness looks like”. The Google team also trained it to recognize what not to shoot — like when a child's hand is over the lens, or if it is tossed in a dark purse.

    The only way to see the images is by connecting the camera with your phone, as it has no screen for viewing or editing.

    Were people concerned it could seem strange? Yes, Payne admitted. But they said they addressed that by making it obvious what it is. A green light on the front signals that it is on. Besides, unlike a camera meant to monitor your home, it is not connected to the Internet.

    “This product is only possible because of the way that silicon has advanced” Payne said, noting that it was only in the past year or so that they could squeeze the technology down into a device this size. Going forward, we're likely to get more assistance from the artificial intelligence packed into our apps and gadgets.

阅读理解

    Moving flight times from night to day could reduce air travel's contributions to global warming, a new study suggests. Scheduling more (lay time flights may reduce the influence of contrails ——the visible lines of white steam that many planes leave behind them in the sky.

    The role of contrails in climate change is still being studied, but some scientists believe they contribute to the greenhouse effect by trapping heat in the atmosphere.

    Nicola Stuber, first author of the study, suggests that contrails' overall impact on climate change is almost as big as that of aircraft? s carbon dioxide emissions (排放)over a hundred-year period. Aircraft are believed to be responsible for 2-3% of human carbon dioxide emissions. Like other high, thin clouds, contrails reflect sunlight back into space and cool the planet. However, they also trap energy in the atmosphere and increase the warming effect.

    Stuber and other scientists believe that the effect of the contrails is big. "On average, the green-house effect controls the effects of contrails, said Stuber, a meteorologist at England's University of Reading." The warming effect is far greater for contrails left by night flights," Stuber added. "The cooling effect only happens (luring the day when the sun is up. During the night the greenhouse warming is no longer balanced and that is why the contribution of night-flight is so large."

    Most commercial airline traffic occurs during daylight hours. For example, only one in four United Kingdom flights is a night flight, but those flights create some 60% of the warming created by contrails, the study reports.

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