Starting in 1972, the National Park Service established a policy for forest fires called Natural Bum. It was true {#blank#}1{#/blank#} some forest fires, such as those which were caused by lightning were necessary for forests{#blank#}2{#/blank#} (keep) balanced ecosystems, so the fire should be allowed to burn{#blank#}3{#/blank#} , a big fire in Yellowstone National Park in 1988 caused this policy to be abandoned (放弃) since the fire was initially allowed to burn yet soon out of control. As a result, the fire of 1988 destroyed much of Yellowstone, which is America's {#blank#}4{#/blank#}(old) and most beloved national park. Massive areas of plants were destroyed, and large empty spaces and acres of burned and blackened trees greeted {#blank#}5{#/blank#} (visit). The rivers and streams were choked with ash, and the ecosystem of the park was changed {#blank#}6{#/blank#} repair.

    In addition, great numbers of animals{#blank#}7{#/blank#} (kill) by the fires that burned out of control. The fires were driven by high winds{#blank#}8{#/blank#} (move) as many as ten miles a day. Many small animals died in the flames. The fires' rapid advances {#blank#}9{#/blank#} (give) the wildlife little chance to escape. Even today, few of these small forest animals have returned to live in the park. In the years immediately following the fires, the numbers of visitors declined{#blank#}10{#/blank#} (rapid).

    Happiness can be described {#blank#}1{#/blank#} a positive mood and a pleasant state of mind. There are many factors {#blank#}2{#/blank#}(contribute) to happiness.

    A person in an apparently ideal situation is not {#blank#}3{#/blank#}(necessary) happy. The ideal situation may have little to do with his actual feelings.

    A good education and income are usually considered necessary for happiness. Though both may contribute, {#blank#}4{#/blank#} are only chief factors if the person is seriously undereducated or actually suffering from lack of physical needs.

    The rich {#blank#}5{#/blank#}(be) not likely to be happier than the middle-income group or even those with very low incomes. People with college educations are somewhat happier than those who did not graduate from high school, and it {#blank#}6{#/blank#}(believe) that this is mainly.{#blank#}7{#/blank#} they have more opportunity to control their {#blank#}8{#/blank#}(life). Yet people with a high income and a college education may be less happy than those with the same income and no college education.

    Poor health does not rule out happiness except for the severely {#blank#}9{#/blank#}(disable) or those in pain. Learning {#blank#}10{#/blank#}(cope)with a health problem can contribute to happiness.

China creates Harvest Festival for farmers

    Recently China has set up a special day for farmers to celebrate the yearly harvest. It is the first festival {#blank#}1{#/blank#} (create)by China specially for the country's farmers.

    “The country will celebrate the Chinese Farmers' Harvest Festival on the autumnal equinox(秋分)of China lunar calendar from this year, ”said Han Changbin, minister of agriculture and rural affairs, at {#blank#}2{#/blank#} press conference. Autumnal equinox usually {#blank#}3{#/blank#}(fall)between September 22 and 24,  {#blank#}4{#/blank#} the country's agricultural harvest season.

    The festival will give greater {#blank#}5{#/blank#} (important)to rural work and push for {#blank#}6{#/blank#} (fast) development of agriculture and rural areas.

    A variety of celebrations will be organized{#blank#}7{#/blank#} (display)the agricultural harvest, rural technology achievements and farmers' creativeness. Farmers {#blank#}8{#/blank#}(encourage)to involve in activities related to their work and life, {#blank#}9{#/blank#} waste should be avoided in the  celebrations.

    The rural economy is a key part of China's efforts to develop a modernized economy. By {#blank#}10{#/blank#}  (develop)its vast rural areas, China expects to see a strong agricultural sector, a beautiful countryside and wealthy farmers.

Tu Youyou, a {#blank#}1{#/blank#}(commit) and patient scientist, was born in China and graduated from Peking University Medical School in 1955. After graduation, she worked at the China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Beijing. In 1967, she {#blank#}2{#/blank#} (choose) by the government to join a team of scientists with the aim of discovering a new treatment {#blank#}3{#/blank#} malaria. Her team examined over 2,000 old medical texts, and evaluated 280,000 plants for their medical {#blank#}4{#/blank#}(property). From their research, they discovered and tested 380 distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments that showed promise in the fight against malaria.

After a lot of failures, in 1971, Tu Youyou and her team members succeeded by using a lower temperature {#blank#}5{#/blank#}(draw) out the extract. They even insisted on testing the medicine on {#blank#}6{#/blank#}(they) to make sure that it was safe. Later, the medicine was tested on malaria patients，most of whom recovered. The medicine,{#blank#}7{#/blank#}was called artemisinin, soon became a standard treatment for malaria.

According to Tu Youyou, the discovery of artemisinin was a team effort. Upon {#blank#}8{#/blank#}(hear) that she had been awarded {#blank#}9{#/blank#}Nobel Prize, she said the honour belongs to the team behind her and all the people of her country. The success{#blank#}10{#/blank#}(prove) the great value of traditional Chinese medicine.