题型:阅读选择 题类: 难易度:普通
广东省广州市南沙区2023-2024学年九年级上学期英语期末试题
Confucianism(儒家思想) has been followed by Chinese people for more than two thousand years.
To help people understand how to behave towards others, Confucianism teaches the Five Constants : ren,yi,li,zhiand xin. They are general virtues (美德) around the world. The most important two are ren and li.
Ren is the feeling of care and love we should have for others. Confucius explained ren could be best understood as loving others. He is famous for teaching people" Do not do to others what you do not want others to do to you". It is quite similar to what is known in the West as the Golden Rule( treat others as you wish to be treated).
While the meaning of ren is easy to understand, li is a little harder to express. It can be considered as a kind of duty. Generally, liis the way we should connect with people in our everyday life. In Confucian writings, discussions about liinclude the proper way to drink tea and how to remember ancestors(祖先). While renis mostly about our opinions and feelings, liis about how we express our opinions and feelings towards others and towards the world around us.
Besides the Five Constants, xiao is perhaps the most well- known Confucian virtue. This is the duty children should have to their parents. Xiao means loving, respecting, obeying and taking care of one's parents in their old age. In Confucianism, xiao is important for a harmonious society. Without it, the whole world would fall into a mess.
a Ms. Li is a forest protector who protects the trees and wildlife in our national parks. She walks through the woods, stopping bad activities like unlawful (非法的) cutting trees, catching and killing animals. She works with local police to stop these acts and keeps the forest healthy. |
b Mr. Wang set up a small business in Shanghai fourteen years ago. He is known for using iron and other materials from old cars to make beautiful art pieces. Some are large pieces that look like animals or humans, and some are smaller pieces you can put at home. |
c Dr. Li has become an environmental scientist since 2014. She studies our planet's ecosystems. She spends her days protecting nature and educating people about its importance. Her fun lessons have helped many people understand better and start caring for the environment. |
d Ms. Liu is a green architect (建筑师) who creates buildings that are environmentally friendly. She uses renewed and friendly materials to build buildings. They look nice and help our planet by using less energy. |
e Mr. Zhao collects used paper from schools and offices, then makes new paper products. This helps drop the number of trees being cut down and also saves energy. Mr. Zhao educates people on the advantages of recycling and encourages everyone to separate their waste paper. |
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