题型：阅读选择 题类： 难易度：普通
浙江省杭州市保俶塔实验学校2024年中考英语模拟试卷
Do you know Roma people? They were called Gypsies (吉普赛人) by Europeans because they thought they came from Egypt (a country in Africa). About a thousand years ago, the Roma people left their homeland. They are known as nomads because for hundreds of years many of them have lived in large groups that travel from place to place. They have no real homeland.
Today, the Roma are now living all over the world. They have kept their language and many customs. For example, it's important for Roma to marry other Roma. It's also a custom for parents to choose the person their children will marry. Roma people get married when they are young, sometimes even as young as 14.
Romany is the language of the Roma people, which was written down only recently. Because the Roma are nomadic and have moved all over the world, their language has developed in many different ways. It is sometimes hard for Roma in one part of the world to communicate with Roma from another part.
Roma music is famous all over the world because many Roma throughout history have been musicians. Their music has influenced many other kinds of music, like classical and jazz.
Roma don't usually assimilate (同化) into host countries. Over many centuries, governments have forbidden them to marry each other, travel or wear their traditional bright clothes. They have their gold taken away from them—treasures from their parents and grandparents. They have been taken as slaves (奴隶), and have been forced to change their names.
But today, the Roma are finding ways to live in peace with others while keeping the treasures of their culture. "There's a will within us to continue to live as a people." says George Kaslov, whose family arrived in New York from Russia a hundred years ago. "All the other ethnic (种族) groups who came to America assimilate gradually with time going; they lose their customs and language. But not the Roma. We hold out."
A spring outing | |||
Date of the outing:1 | |||
Transport | By bus | ||
Time that they set out | At 7:00 | ||
Place that they went to | A2 | ||
Things that they did | 3 | climbed the mountain | enjoyed the view |
THIS IS HOW READING HAS CHANGED
CAVE（洞穴） PAINTINGS Cave paintings are the oldest pictures. Some of them，like the beautiful pictures in the caves in the north of Spain，are almost 30，we get an idea of how the people felt when drawing them. That's what the painters wanted to show others—hopes and fears. |
STONES AND PAPYRUS（纸莎草） Sometime between 4000 and 3000 BCE（公元前），people in Egypt developed the skill of writing. They put writing on stones first. But it was impossible to carry the stones from place to place. The invention of papyrus made it. It was easier to correct mistakes，too. |
PAPER AND PRINTING Paper was invented in China in 105 CE（公元年）. The world's oldest known printed book is from China，too. It was published around 700 hundred years later. In Europe，when Johannes Gutenberg invented the printing press in Germany. Since that time，almost 140 million books have been published. |
OTHER WAYS OF READING Books will be around for many years，of course. But there are many new ways of reading books，such as e-books and apps on mobile phones. |
The traditional Chinese lunar calendar (阴历) divides the year into 24 solar terms (节气)．Major Snow (大雪) is the 21st solar term of the year. Here are three things you should know about Major Snow.
Snowy winter | The snow in North China may last a whole day，covering the ground and blocking the road. In the south，snow falls and the world turns white. There is a saying about the snow，"A timely snow promises a good harvest". |
Admiring plum blossoms (梅花) | Plum blossoms usually bloom (开花) in midtolate December in some southern cities of China，and sometimes bloom even earlier. The plum blossom，which came from China，is honored in Chinese culture for its resilience during cold winters. With the pine (松树) and bamboo，it is regarded as one of the Three Friends of Winter. |
Eating porridge | Hot porridge can help warm you and make your body healthy in cold weather. In China，it's traditional to eat red bean porridge on the first day of Major Snow and eighttreasure porridge on the eighth day of the last month of the lunar year. |
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