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题型:阅读理解 题类: 难易度:普通

外研版(2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 6 Nurturing nature分层跟踪检测1

 阅读理解

Natural silence—the kind when you hear nothing but the sound of nature around you—is becoming increasingly scarce.The rumblings of man-made noise can be heard even in the remote corners of national parks and deep in the Arctic Ocean.

 This is having a troubling effect.In humans,noise pollution has been linked to cardiovascular diseases,mental health problems and cognitive impairment in children.In wildlife,it's disrupting navigation,mating rituals,communication and can cause hearing loss."We're losing the ability to listen to nature without noise pollution," says sound recordist Matt Mikkelsen.He's part of the non-profit organization Quiet Parks International,which aims to identify and preserve the planet's last quiet places.

 Recently,this took him to Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilderness in northeastern Minnesota.No cars,motor boats,electricity or telephone lines are allowed in the 1-million-acre area,making it a strong candidate for Quiet Park status.But listening back to the recording,Mikkelsen can hear the low hum of a commercial jet flying far away.

 Quiet Parks hasn't yet decided if Boundary Waters meets its criteria—it's one of 260 potential sites around the world that the organization is currently exploring.The team will analyze the sound recordings from each location and consider them alongside other data.

 In recent years,the world has been getting louder,with cities and towns expanding and an increasing number of beeping cars,whooshing airplanes and cargo ships with blasting horns.But during the pandemic,there has been momentary respite.In 2020,global air travel was down by 60% and road transport decreased by almost half.Scientists in Europe found that noise caused by humans fell by up to 50% after lockdowns were imposed.

"People relished the silence," says Mikkelsen."There were no airplanes in the sky and cars weren't on the street...It was a miraculous thing to be able to hear the world,all of a sudden,free from noise pollution,"he says.Since the start of the pandemic,Quiet Parks says it has experienced a huge surge in interest for quiet places."I hope that we can take that desire for a world with less noise forward," says Mikkelsen,"and appreciate the spots we have,where we can go and not experience noise pollution."

(1)、What does the underlined word "scarce" probably mean in paragraph 1?
A、Ordinary. B、Special. C、Rare. D、Typical.
(2)、What is paragraph 2 mainly about?
A、Why we're losing the ability to listen to nature. B、How noise pollution affects humans and wildlife. C、Why noise pollution is linked to certain diseases. D、How should humans deal with noise pollution.
(3)、What is Mikkelsen's attitude towards natural silence?
A、Supportive. B、Critical. C、Indifferent. D、Ambiguous.
(4)、Where is the text probably from?
A、A journal. B、An autobiography. C、A book review. D、A science fiction.
举一反三
阅读理解
    Octopuses (章鱼) are sea animals famous for their rounded bodies, bulging eyes, and eight long arms. They live in all the world's oceans but there are especially more octopuses in warm, tropical (热带的) waters. Octopuses, like their cousin, the squid (乌贼), are often considered “monsters of the deep”, though some species, or types, occupy relatively shallow waters.
    Most octopuses stay along the ocean's floor, although some species are pelagic, which means they live near the water's surface. Other octopus species live in deep, dark waters, rising from below at dawn and dusk to search for food. Crabs and shrimps rank among their favorite foods, though some can attack larger prey (猎物), like sharks. Octopuses typically drop down on their prey from above and, using powerful suctions that line their arms, pull the animals into their mouths. The octopus performs its famous backward swim by blowing up water through a muscular tube on the body called a siphon. Octopuses also crawl (爬) along the ocean's floor, putting their arms into small openings to search for food Seals, whales, and large fish prey on octopuses.
    If threatened, octopuses shoot an inky liquid that darkens the water, confusing the other animals. The octopus can also change to gray, brown, pink, blue, or green to mix with its surroundings. Octopuses may also change color as a way to communicate with other octopuses. Octopuses are solitary creatures that live alone in dens (巢穴) built from rocks, which the octopus moves into place using its powerful arms. Octopuses sometimes even fashion a rock “door” for their dens that pull closed when the octopus is safely inside.
阅读理解

    There are about 5,000 different kinds of ladybugs(瓢虫)in the world. They are also known as lady beetles or ladybird beetles. They come in many different colors and patterns, but the best-known in North America is the seven-spotted ladybug, with its shiny, red-and-black body.

    In many cultures, ladybugs are thought to be good luck. Most people like them because they are pretty, lovely and do no harm to human beings. But farmers love them because they eat aphids and other plant-eating pests. One ladybug can eat up 5,000 insects in its lifetime!

    Most ladybugs have dome-shaped bodies with six short legs. Depending on the kind, they can have spots, stripes, or nothing at all. Seven-spotted ladybugs are red or orange with three spots on each side and one in the middle. They have a black head. Ladybugs are colorful for a reason. They tell the enemy: "Eat something else! I taste terrible." When threatened, they may play dead. Birds are ladybugs' main predators(天敌), but they are also eaten by frogs, spiders, and dragonflies.

    Ladybugs are happy in many different places, including grasslands, forests, cities, suburbs, and along rivers. Seven-spotted ladybugs are native to Europe but were brought to North America in the mid-1900s.

    Ladybugs are most active from spring until fall. When the weather turns cold, they look for a warm place to hibernate, such as in rotting logs, under rocks, or even inside houses. These hibernating places can have thousands of ladybugs.

    The name "ladybug" was given by European farmers who prayed to the Virgin Mary when pests began eating their crops. After ladybugs came and wiped out the invading insects, the farmers named them "beetle of Our Lady". This later was shortened to "lady beetle" and "ladybug".

阅读理解

    Medicine is the most noble of all the arts, but owing to the ignorance of those who practice it, and those who inconsiderately form a judgment of them, it is now far behind all the other arts. Their mistake appears to me to arise principally from the fact that there is no punishment for the practice of medicine except disgrace, and that does not hurt those who are familiar with it. Such persons are like the figures introduced in tragedies, for as they have the shape, and dress, and appearance of an actor, but are not actors, so also physicians are many in title but very few in reality.

    Whoever is to acquire a competent knowledge of medicine ought to process the following advantages: a natural character; instruction; a favorable position for the study; early tuition; love for labor; leisure. First of all, a natural talent is required, for Nature leads the way to what is most excellent; then instruction in the art takes place, which the student must try to adopt by reflection, becoming an early pupil in a place well adapted for instruction. He must also bring to the task a love of labor and perseverance to ensure the instruction takes root.

    Instruction in medicine is like the culture of the productions of the earth. For our natural character, is, as it were, the soil; the principals of our teacher are, as it were, the seed. Instruction in youth is like the planting of the seed in the ground at the proper season. Diligent study is like the cultivation of the fields; and it is time which passes on strength to all things and brings them to maturity

    Having brought all these essentials to the study of medicine, and having acquired a true knowledge of it, we shall thus, in travelling around, be respected physicians not only in name but in reality. Inexperience is a bad trait, and does harm to those who possess it, nurturing either timidity or audacity(胆大安为). For timidity reveals a want of powers, and audacity a lack of skill. Physicians who are eager for power or those who are undertrained are not a blessing to a community.

    Those things which are sacred or noble, are to be delivered only to sacred persons; and it is wrong to import them to the profane until they have been initiated in the mysteries of the science.

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D 四个选项中,选出最佳选项。

English businessman Richard Branson made history on July 11, 2021 as he and three other crewmates became the world's first space tourists. The flight was made by a spacecraft named VSS Unity that was built by Branson's company, Virgin Galactic. The flight lasted slightly more than an hour, and took Branson and crew to an altitude(海拔) of 53. 5 miles above the Earth, just a little above the boundary(边界) of space which lies 50 miles above the Earth.

At that height, the atmosphere turns into the black of outer space and the Earth becomes a bent ball of blue. Travelers also exhibit weightlessness as there is no gravity, the force that keeps our bodies walking on the Earth's surface. Therefore, Branson and his fellows were able to float around in VSS Unity while enjoying the views. They were able to do that for three minutes before the spacecraft began its downward journey. It landed back at Virgin Galactic's space port in New Mexico, United States, which is the same place from where it took off 90 minutes ago.

On landing back, Branson said, "I have dreamt of this moment since I was a kid but honestly, nothing could prepare you for the view of the Earth from space. It was just magical. I'm just taking it all in, and it's unreal."

July 11's flight is the start of space tourism for one and all. In early 2022, customers who could afford a ticket for a quarter of a million dollars could line up for a seat on a trip to space. And guess what—they will have a choice of spacecraft. Jeff Bezos, who owns a famous company, is all set to launch himself into space on July 20 on board a spacecraft built by his new branch company Blue Origin. Blue Origin will also carry tourists to space.

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