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题型:阅读理解 题类:常考题 难易度:普通

浙江省2017年11月高中英语学业水平考试仿真模拟(一)(含听力音频)

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中,选出最佳选项。

C

    The main aim is a fully autonomous car that gets rid of the cause of most accidents: the driver, Hodgson points out, "For the sake of safety, the faster you can remove humans, the better, even if there are unfortunately a few accidents from new causes. It's a question of balancing the number injured or killed by autonomous vehicles with the people whose lives are potentially saved."

    It's a theme that Elon Musk, head of electric car company Tesla Motors, has long supported. His company is determined to be the first to deliver a fully autonomous vehicle to consumers. Last year, Musk announced that Tesla's 2017 goal was "to do a demonstration ( 示 范 ) drive of full autonomy all the way from LA to New York...and have the car park itself."

    However, even Tesla admits that there are problems to overcome — the software needs further confirmation and the appropriate regulatory (监管的) approval needs to be in place. Indeed, recent crashes of Tesla vehicles and Google cars confirm that the software isn't ready yet.

    The UK government appears determined to encourage the development of autonomous vehicles. It's supporting four city trials, publishing the Modern Transport Bill to reduce red tape around their introduction and adapting the legal system to take into account issues such as insurance liability when a human isn't in control of a vehicle.

    The insurance industry is similarly keen to promote increasing autonomy in cars. As the Association of British Insurers (ABI) points out: "More than 90 per cent of road accidents are attributed to human errors." This costs motor insurers a surprising £20 per day in claims.

(1)、In Hodgson's opinion, what is the problem with the driverless cars?
A、Whether it is true that the faster you can remove humans, the better. B、Who can explain why there are still a few accidents by driverless cars. C、How to deal with the new causes of accidents resulting from driverless cars. D、Whether to balance the number injured or killed with the people whose lives may be saved.
(2)、Why is the insurance industry in favor of driverless cars?
A、Because they can make their insurers save money in claim. B、Because it is drivers' errors that lead to over 90% road accidents. C、Because human errors cost motor insurers a surprising £20 per day in claims. D、Because motor insurers believe driverless cars will never cause any road accidents.
(3)、Which is the best title of the passage?
A、The advantages of driverless cars. B、The disadvantages of driverless cars. C、Driverless cars in future. D、The development of driverless cars.
举一反三
阅读理解

    TEEN ZONE

    ANNOUNCEMENTS

    At the Newton Public Library

    REGISTER FOR A SUMMER OF STORIES

    Sign up and receive your reading log at the Circulation Desk. Record books you read over the summer and have a parent sign next to each title. The top five readers will receive prizes such as gift cards, magazine subscriptions, and movie tickets.

    TEEN ZONE RESOURCES

Look to the Teen Zone's “Ready Reference” comer for all the help you need to locate information on the Internet. Ms. Frye, the librarian, will share tips on keyword searches to find interesting information about certain books. You must have a signed parent permission slip before using the computers. Access is limited to 30 minutes and is on a first-come, first-served basis.

    EVENTS

    Poetry Session                Monday, June 16                6:00-8:00 P.M.

    Teen poets can be literary celebrities for a night by reading their original work at this special event. Friends and family members are encouraged to attend and show their support. A few original poems may be selected for publication in the next library newsletter. Food and drinks will be provided

Learn Origami                Wednesday, June 4                3:00-4:00 P.M.

    This class provides books and instruction in the ancient Japanese art of folding colourful squares of paper into shapes, such as birds, insects, or flowers.

Eco Crafts with Jasleen        Wednesday, June 11            3:00-4:00 P.M.

    Make earth-friendly crafts from recyclable materials. With guidance from a talented teacher and books, you will make new creations from everyday items. Start recycling today, and bring items to share with the group.

Magazine and Book Art        Wednesday, June 18            3:00-4:00 P.M.

    The library needs to beautify the walls of the Teen Zone. We will be transforming artwork from old books and magazines into unique masterpieces to frame and hang on the walls. Put your creative spin on some photographs, and help ensure that the Teen Zone remains the highlight of the library.

    Note: Registration is required for all the events. Register at the Circulation Desk or by calling 1-800-290-5992. Space is limited, so reserve your spot soon!

阅读理解

    One day, I was in class, feeling fine, when all of a sudden my heart started racing. I broke out in a sweat, feeling hot and cold all over. My chest hurt, I was dizzy, and I felt like I couldn't breathe. Everything went blurry around the edges. Sure I was about to faint, I jerked up from my desk and ran from the room, terrified. I didn't care what the teacher thought, or that the eyes of the entire class were on me. I just had to get out of there.

    I ran to the nearest water fountain and drank some water. For several minutes, I just stood there holding on to the fountain. What was happening? Was I having a heart attack? Slowly, the lightheadedness went away. My heart stopped racing, and every other symptom faded too. I still had no idea what had happened but I was so glad it was over.

    Still I was really worried. I'd never felt that bad in my life. What was wrong with me? What if it came back?

    And then, an hour later, it did the pounding heart, the dizziness, the feeling that I was dying. Once again, I couldn't breathe. And this time, there was also pain throughout my entire upper body. I burst into tears and ran for the hallway again, actually afraid for my life. My teacher ran after me asking what was wrong. Panicking, I managed to choke out, "I need an ambulance: Please." I was sure I was dying.

    To my surprise, though, my teacher didn't grab her phone for help. Instead, she put her hand on my arm and told me to slow down. "Breathe, "she said." you're going to be okay. You just need to calm down. "

    I felt like I was going crazy. Here I was totally losing it, and she was acting like nothing was wrong! She kept on trying to calm me down, but I wasn't ready to listen. I was sure she didn't understand how I felt. How could she? How could anyone? Finally, my teacher explained that she was pretty sure I was having a panic attack. (They are also called anxiety attacks.) She knew, she said, because the same thing had happened to her when she was my age. She told me how she'd felt, and it was almost exactly how I was feeling now. She also explained that panic attacks are caused by anxiety (basically, excessive worry and fear that is part of your everyday life).

    I was shocked. I had no idea that there was even a name for what I was feeling let alone that it happened to other people, too! When I realized that she really did understand, I felt so relieved.

    My teacher talked to my parents, and they found me a counselor to help me deal with my anxiety. I'd been going through a tough time that year. My best friend had moved to a new school, and I wasn't sure how to fit in with the girls in my class. I'd never told anyone, though--I just kept it to myself. My counselor helped me understand that not dealing with my feelings can lead to panic attacks, and that I need to talk to someone when my life is stressful.

    Now when I start feeling overwhelmed or sad, I talk to my parents or friends and my counselor about whatever is bothering me, and they all help me sort things out. This way, I' m dealing with my anxiety and stress before it gets out of control.

    My counselor has also taught me some relaxation techniques and strategies that help me calm my body down at the first sign of a panic attack. I've learned to take deep breaths and relax my muscles. Or I'll focus on something else, or just tell myself I'm going to be okay. If one thing doesn't work, I'll try another one.

    It turns out that about one in every ten people has some kind of an anxiety disorder! Knowing that it's common and that life is stressful for a lot of girls of my age has helped me realize that I don't have to be ashamed or embarrassed about it.

    By sharing my story, I want other girls of my age to know that you're not as alone as you feel, and that talking about it really does help.

阅读理解

    Feeding birds is a popular way to watch wildlife. But experts say it might put wild birds at risk.

    Feeding birds is not necessary for their survival except in extreme weather conditions. Feeders(喂食器)can definitely help birds get through that kind of weather. But most birds eat insects and show little interest in bird feeders. For those birds, we can grow native plants in a natural environment. Birds which are fond of eating seeds will be more likely to come to feeders if there is some cover nearby. This lets them feed and then fly to protective areas, such as in trees.

    The most common mistake people make with their bird feeders is that they put feeders in places where birds are easily frightened by passers-by, risk being hurt by cats, or risk flying into windows.

    So set up a bird feeder at least one meter away from a window. That way, if a bird gets frightened, it won't get killed when it hits the glass. Owners of cats should keep them inside home so they can't hurt the birds.

    Some birds are more aggressive at feeders. They eat a lot and do not leave much food for other birds. A solution is to put the food in more than one place by using different kinds of seeds or fruits. This can also increase the number and diversity of birds in your neighborhood. But don't feed wild birds anything salty, like potato chips, or food that could choke them, like bread.

    Pay attention to food quality and freshness. Unprotected food left too long in feeders will turn moldy(发霉), which can kill wildlife.

    Another word of advice: Always provide a supply of clean water for birds, but use care when looking for the right birdbath. If the birdbaths are too deep for birds, putting a few large stones in the water can give the birds a place to sit.

阅读理解

    Jim suffered heart problems. In conversation he expressed little joy and it seemed that his life was drawing to a close.

    When his heart problems led to operation, Jim went through it successfully, and a full recovery was expected. Within days, however, his heart was not beating properly. Jim was rushed back to operation, but nothing was found to explain the cause of his illness. He died on the operating table on the day before his 48th birthday.

    Dr. Bruce Smoller, a psychologist(心理学家), had had many conversations with him, and the more he learned, the stranger he realized Jim's case was. When Jim was a child, his father, a teacher, suffered a heart attack and stayed home to recover. One morning Jim asked his father to look over his homework, promising to come home from school at noon to pick it up. His father agreed, but when Jim returned his father had died. Jim's father was 48.

    "I think all his life Jim believed he killed his father," Dr. Smoller says. "He felt that if he had not asked him to look at his homework, his father would have lived. Jim had been troubled by the idea. The operation was the trial(判决) he had expected for forty years." Smoller believes that Jim willed himself not to live to the age of 48.

    Jim's case shows the powerful role that attitude(态度) plays in physical health, and that childhood experiences produce far-reaching effect on the health of grown-ups. Although most cases are less direct than Jim's, studies show that childhood events, besides genes, may well cause such midlife diseases as cancer, heart disease and mental illness.

阅读理解

    Alison Malmon was trapping up (完成) the end of her freshman year at the University of Pennsylvania, US when she got the news: Her older brother Brian, a student at Columbia University, was suffering from mental illness.

    Inspired by this, Malmon formed a group at her university to empower (使能够) students to talk openly about mental health. It soon blossomed into a national organization that today has more than 450 campus chapters. Leaders with the organization spend their time talking with college students about the pressure that today's young people face.

    "What you hear often is just a need to be perfect," said Malmon, "and a need to present oneself as perfect."

    And a new study in the UK proved that this need for perfectionism is simply part of today's society. In the study, two researchers studied more than 40,000 students from the US, Canada, and the UK. They found that what they called "socially prescribed(社会定向型的) perfectionism" increased by a third between 1989 and 2016.

    Lead researcher Thomas Curran said that while so many of today's young people try to present a perfect appearance online, social media isn't the only reason behind this trend. Instead, he said, it may be driven by competition in modern society, meaning young people can't avoid being sorted and ranked in both education and employment. That comes from new norms(准则) like greater numbers of college students, standardized testing and parenting that increasingly emphasizes success in education.

    For example, in 1976, half of high school seniors expected to get a college degree of some kind. By 2008, more than 80 percent expected the same. The researchers also said changes in parenting styles over the last two decades might have had an impact. As parents feel increased pressure to raise successful children, they in turn pass their "achievement anxieties" onto their kids through "excessive(过多的) involvement in their child's routines, activities or emotions"

    Those in the mental health community like Malmon say they're concerned about the impact the culture of perfectionism has on mental health on campuses. "Mental health has truly become this generation's social justice issue," she said. "It's our job to equip them with the tools and to let people know that it's not their fault."

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A,B,C,D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

China successfully launched the Chang'e-6 spacecraft on Friday. A Long March-5rocket lifted it off from the Wenchang Space Launch Site in Hainan. This was a huge success and a remarkable achievement for China's space exploration program. The launch not only shows China's advanced technological abilities but also makes scientists and space lovers around the world excited.

Collecting samples from the far side of the moon is a new thing for humanity. We have very little knowledge about this mysterious side. If the Chang'e-6 mission is successful, it will give scientists important and direct facts to know more about the far side's environment, geological features, and material make- up. This will be an important step forward in our exploration of the moon and the universe as a whole.

The Chang'e-6 spacecraft has an orbiter, a lander, an ascender(上升器), and a returner. When it reaches the moon, it will land carefully on the far side. Within 48 hours after landing, a robot arm will carefully collect rocks and soil from the lunar surface. Also, a drill will go into the ground to take samples from deeper layers. At the same time, a series of complex scientific tests and analyses will be done to get valuable data.

The far side of the moon is very different from the side we can see. The Apollo basin in the South PoleAitken Basin is chosen as the landing and sampling place for the Chang'e-6 mission. This area is thought to have precious clues about the moon's formation and development, giving possible ideas about the early history of our celestial(天体)neighbor.

This mission has many technical difficulties and needs the latest technologies. It also gets help from international cooperation, showing the spirit of working together in the global search for space exploration. The exploration of the far side of the moon may provide valuable scientific data and open up new possibilities for future space activities, such as setting up long- term lunar bases and using lunar resources.

The success of the Chang'e-6 mission has the possibility to make more international cooperation in space exploration. It shows China's strong wish to add to the growth of global knowledge about the universe and encourages other countries to work together to find out the secrets of the universe.

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