题型:阅读理解 题类:真题 难易度:普通
2014年高考英语真题试卷(北京卷)
Choosing the Right Resolution (决定)
Millions of Americans began 2014 with the same resolution they started 2013 with, a goal of losing weight. However, setting weight loss as a goal is a mistake.
To reach our goal of losing weight — the output, we need to control what we eat — the input ( 输入). That is, we tend to care about the output but not to control the input. This is a bad way to construce goals. The alternative is to focus your resolution on the input. Instead of resolving to lose weight, try an actionable resolution: “I'll stop having desert for lunch,” or “I'll walk every day for 20 minutes.” Creating a goal that focuses on a well-specified input will likely be more effective than concentrating on the outcome.
Recently a new science behind incentives (激励) , including in education, has been discussed. For example, researcher Roland Fryer wanted to see what works best in motivating children to do better in school. In some cases, he gave students incentives based on input, like reading certain books, while in others, the incentives were based on output, like results on exams. His main finding was that incentives increased achievement when based on input but had no effect on output. Fryer's conclusion was that the intensives for inputs might be more effective because do not know how to do better on exam, aside from general rules like “study harder.” Reading certain books, on the other hand, is a well-set task over which they have much more control.
As long as you have direct control over your goal, you have a much higher chance of success. And it's easier to start again if you fail, because you know exactly what you need to do.
If you want to cut down on your spending, a good goal would be making morning coffee at home instead of going to a cafe, for example. This is a well-specified action-based goal for which you can measure your success easily. Spending less money isn't a goal because it's too general. Similarly, if you want to spend more time with your family, don't stop with this general wish. Think about an actionable habit that you could adopt and stick to, like a family movie night every Wednesday.
In the long run, these new goals could become a habit.
King's College Summer School is an annual (年度的) training program for high school students at all levels who want to improve their English. Courses are given by the teachers of King's College and other colleges in New York. Trips to museums and culture centers are also organized. This year's summer school will be from July 25 to August 15. More information is as follows:
Application(申请) date ▼Students in New York should send their applications before July 18, 2015. ▼Students of other cities should send their applications before July 16, 2015. ▼Foreign students should send their applications before July 10, 2015. | Courses ▼English language Spoken English:22hours Reading and Writing:10hours ▼American History:16hours ▼American Culture:16hours |
Steps ▼A letter of self-introduction ▼A letter of recommendation(推荐) The letters should be written in English with all necessary information. | Cost ▼Daily lessons:200 ▼Sports and activities:100 ▼Travel:200 ▼Hotel service:400 You may choose to live with your friends or relatives in the same city. |
Please write to:Thompson, Sanders 1026King's Street, New York, NY10016, USA E-mail to:KC-Summer School @yahoo, com |
试题篮