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题型:阅读理解 题类:常考题 难易度:普通

吉林省吉林市一中2016-2017学年高二上学期英语9月月考试卷

根据短文理解,选择正确答案。

    You get on an almost-empty bus, but the next passenger decides to ignore all the empty seats to sit right next to you. While you are waiting in line at the supermarket, the next customer stands just behind you shouting into his phone.

    These are attacks of the personal space invaders(侵略者). Though preferences for personal space differ from culture to culture, we Britons do love our independence and personal space.

    As the British customs website Debrett has said, as a British person, somebody standing too close may make you “focus less on what somebody is saying than on how close they are to you”. Simple acts like putting an arm around someone you don't know that well may seem friendly in China, but they can make us very uncomfortable. The ediplomat.com website explains: “The British are not back slappers (拍打者) or touchers and generally do not show affection (喜欢) in public.”

    Being a British person around people from other countries can therefore be full of problems. People from many European countries such as France and Spain kiss each other on the cheek when they meet, yet to us this seems too friendly and “touchy-feely”.

    Simple matters like how close others stand can be problems to Britons who want to keep their own personal space. Giving advice on how to behave around a British person, Debrett's says that “if you can feel the warmth of their worried breath upon your face, then you're standing too close”.

    So, are British people unfriendly? No. The ediplomat.com website explains that we are not as “indifferent” as we may seem, but “very friendly and helpful to foreigners”. However, we do have different ideas about our own space to many people from other countries. Just let us know if you're going to come any closer than arm's length, and you'll be fine!

(1)、What is the article mainly about?
A、How to make friends with British people. B、Some tips on British table manners. C、Ways in which British people show affection. D、British people's preference for personal space.
(2)、If you were meeting a British person for the first time, it would be polite of you to ______, according to the article.
A、kiss him/her on the cheek B、put an arm around him/her C、keep an arm's length away from him/her D、slap his/her back or shake his/her hands
(3)、The underlined word “indifferent” in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to “_____”.
A、cold B、modest C、gentlemanlike D、independent
(4)、What can we conclude from the article?
A、British people like to sit next to others on empty buses. B、British people are helpful, although they may not appear to be. C、British people do not like staying with other Europeans. D、British people are happy to show affection in public.
举一反三
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

    Everyone, from homeless people to billionaires, is likely to be influenced by stress; there's simply no way to avoid it {#blank#}1{#/blank#} Here are five powerful tips for ways to kill stress in almost any situation.

Eat Healthier

    Though a lot of stress is psychological, there are also plenty of physical factors that lead to this natural human response to noticed danger, In order to relieve stress, make sure you're treating your body right. A big part of this is eating healthier {#blank#}2{#/blank#} Anyway, adopting an alkaline(碱性的)diet instead of an acidic (酸性的)one is recommended.

Wake Up Earlier

    {#blank#}3{#/blank#} However, waking up 15 or 20 minutes earlier each morning may have more benefits than sleeping in. By giving yourself some extra time, you won't feel quite rushed in the morning, which leads to better preparation and more confidence.

{#blank#}4{#/blank#}

    Since you are never going to remove 100 percent of the stress in your life, one of the best things you can do is let it be one of your motivations. This is what stress is designed to do, after all. The psychological and physical reactions brought on by stress are supposed to heighten our senses and empower us to fight off a threat.

Watch a Funny Video

    Here is a simple and practical tip: watch a funny video on You Tube, Research shows that seeing something amusing activates the part of the brain that produces calm physiological(生理的)responses. This can lead to less anxiety and more happiness.

Take Walk Outside

    Whenever possible, make sure you take your walk outdoors {#blank#}5{#/blank#} It can improve energy levels and memory by as much as 20 percent.

A.A number of studies are two important keys to good health.

B.Diet and relaxation are two important keys to good health.

C.There are no magic”anti-stress”foods.

D.However, there are ways to reduce the amount of stress you suffer from.

E.Keep Positive Relationships

F.Let Stress Motivate You

G.It is certainly true that the more sleep you get, the less stressed you'll be.

阅读理解

    A beach town in the US state of New Jersey recently passed a ban on trousers, jeans and shorts that hang less than 3 inches below the hips(臀部) for an excuse of being unfriendly to others' eyes. But besides those low-hanging pants, here are some other items of popular travel clothing that may also need to be banned.

    Thai Fisherman Pants: These lightweight cotton pants, wide in the waist and originally designed for Thai fishermen, are popular among men and women due to their comfort, ability to last long and relative ease of wearing. But the bad news is that wearing these pants isn't the way to be respected in Bangkok.

    “Wearing them to wander around the town is considered 'low class' (even if we don't say it out loudly),” wrote a local Bangkok woman, who called herself “Beebah” on line. “It's better to dress ‘respectable' if you want to be treated well. Even a T-shirt and shorts are better than fisherman pants and tight sleeveless shirts. If you really love them, wear them at home.”

T-shirts with slogans: Wearing T-shirts with slogans in the local language on them may seem cool to some young tourists who are swept up in the excitement of being in a foreign country for the first time. But be careful as they could be some meaningless words and make you look really stupid. What's worse, some slogan T-shirts are political--you might get yourself into trouble without even knowing about it.

    Croce(洞洞鞋): Comfortable and easy to slip on and off, Crocs have been go-to-beach shoes for many tourists. But we must admit that these holey plastic shoes are deadly ugly in every way. “Supporters would hold that the comfort of the Crocs is over their looks, but Babyclothes are comfortable, too. Your don't feel the need to walk around in them, do you?” said a friend of mine.

阅读理解

    If a woman has an extra piece of cake,don 't blame it on greed, blame it on her brain.

Scientists have found that women's brains react to food very differently — and much more strongly — than men' s. Academics found that decades of dieting pressure on women and advertising have programmed certain parts of the female brain to react strongly when faced with any kind of food. Men,on the other hand, are not usually as obsessive (着迷的)about what they eat.

    Dr. Rudolf Uher and his colleagues at the Institute of Psychiatry in King's College London used brain scanning technology,known as functional magnetic resonance imaging ( FMRI),to look at the brains of eighteen men and women.

    The volunteers were given images of food to look at, as well as food to taste. Their brain reactions were observed by the scientists. They found that the female brains reacted much more strongly than those of males. The same reaction did not happen when they were shown non-food images. The team believe this means women think more about food than men tend to. Dr. Uher said, “This could be related to biological differences between men and women. But the more likely explanation is that women have a more complicated reaction to food because of social pressure. ”

Professor Carey Cooper,psychology and health professor at Lancaster University,said,“for centuries women have had a providing role — preparing and cooking food for their families. And it's part of that role to make sure the food is safe. They will therefore be much more sensitive to food than men are, and I would not be surprised if that was now built into their DNA. If the female brain react to food because it historically has developed neural (神经的)pathways to do this, then food will be the way they express their stress. Food actually,is a comfort for women. ”

    But other experts have said that more research must be done before the results can be proved. American scientist Angelo del Parigi of the John B. Pierce Laboratory in New Haven, Connecticut, said, “Looking at an FMRI alone cannot make sure whether the stronger reaction in women is due to innate (天生的)differences or a learned process. ''

阅读理解

    Finland is the happiest place on Earth, according to the 2018 World Happiness Report of 156 nations.

    The report, released Wednesday by the United Nations' Sustainable Development Solutions Network, ranks the countries of the world based on six different categories of well-being: income, freedom, trust, life expectancy, generosity and social support. This year's report also pays special attention to the happiness of each country's immigrants.

    The U.S. dropped four spots from 2017 and landed in 18th place, and last year's winner, Norway, came in second place — followed by Denmark, Iceland and Switzerland.

    "The top five countries all have almost equally high values for the six factors found to support happiness, and four of these countries—Denmark, Switzerland, Norway and now Finland — have been in first place in the six World Happiness Report rankings since the first report" in 2012, "co-editor John Helliwell told CNN. "In a division with such excellent teams, changes in the top spot are to be expected."

    Rounding out the top 10 happiest countries was Canada in sixth place, then New Zealand, Sweden and Australia. The order of the top 10 nations changed from the 2017 list but the countries did not, according to the report. They were also 10 of the 11 top spots in the immigrant happiness category (including Mexico — 24th overall, but 10th in immigration).

    "The most striking finding of the report is the remarkable consistency between the happiness of immigrants and the locally born," Helliwell said in a statement. "Although immigrants come from countries with very different levels of happiness, their reported life evaluations resemble those of other residents in their new countries. Those who move to happier countries gain, while those who move to less happy countries lose."

    Other major world powers placed in significantly low spots on the list. Germany came in 15th, the UK was 19th — followed by Japan in 54th place, Russia in 59th and China in 86th.

    The report, based on surveys completed by citizen volunteers, came just under a week before World Happiness Day on March 20, when the UN declared to recognize "the relevance of happiness and well-being as universal goals and aspirations in the lives of human beings around the world and the importance of their recognition in public policy objectives".

阅读理解

    Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most likely contributing to fewer injuries. It does, however, have its own problem.

    Race walkers are conditioned athletes. The longest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50-kilometer race walk, which is about five miles longer than the marathon. But the sport's rules require that a race walker's knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact (接触) with the ground at all times. It's this strange form that makes race walking such an attractive activity, however, says Jaclyn Norberg, an assistant professor of exercise science at Salem State University in Salem, Mass.

    Like running, race walking is physically demanding, she says, According to most calculations, race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800 calories(卡路里) per hour, which is approximately twice as many as they would burn walking, although fewer than running, which would probably burn about 1,000 or more calories per hour.

    However, race walking does not pound the body as much as running does, Dr. Norberg says. According to her research, runners hit the ground with as much as four times their body weight per step, while race walkers, who do not leave the ground, create only about 1.4 times their body weight with each step.

    As a result, she says, some of the injuries associated with running, such as runner's knee, are uncommon among race walkers. But the sport's strange form does place considerable stress on the ankles and hips, so people with a history of such injuries might want to be cautious in adopting the sport. In fact, anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique, she says. It takes some practice.

 阅读短文, 回答问题

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