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On a hot summer weekend, Jorge Ayub saw the public beach
north of Boston already crowded with nearly 1 million people drawn to the
annual sand sculpture festival. Traffic on the nearby road was heavy, bands
played music loudly, and later that night fireworks would light up the beach.
And on the sand were four pairs of tiny shorebirds. These
chicks(小鸟) were still too young to fly and a
precious addition to the national endeavor to save a bird once down to 139
pairs in Massachusetts. It was Mr. Ayub's job. "Everyone made it,"
Ayub, a coastal ecologist reported at the end of the long weekend over the
nests.
Once common, piping plovers(笛鸻) were hunted and then squeezed out of
their habitats(栖息地) by coastal development until, in 1986, the federal
government listed the Atlantic Coastal birds as threatened. The bird's recovery
has been halting. After three decades, the Atlantic population stands
just under the 2,000-pair goal set by federal law.
But the star has been Massachusetts, which has seen plovers
increase to 687pairs from 139 pairs in 1986. One reason for that: "chick-sitting"
in which conservationists sometimes spend all day watching over the birds.
That progress has made Massachusetts the only East Coast
state that decided to relax some Endangered Species Act restrictions: for
example, to reduce the fenced-off areas and vehicle limits that have annoyed
residents(居民).
“Look at the stretch(一片土地), "Anyb says. "We had six
nesting pairs between here and that bathhouse 600 yards away. By regulation,
each nest should have 100 yards of fencing. We could have put up fencing and
closed the beach all the way to the bathhouse."
Instead, the plovers are surrounded in much smaller areas by
"symbolic fencing". None of the 52 seawall entrances to the beach are
closed. "If we put up too much fencing, people will be upset, and they are
going to destroy it or walk right through the nesting areas," Ayub says. "By
opening the beach, people are happier and the species does better."