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题型:概要写作 题类:模拟题 难易度:困难

上海市崇明区2021届高三英语质量抽查试卷

Directions:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.

Robotic Exoskeletons

Thanks to robotic exoskeletons, victims of spinal cord (脊髓) injury have a new reason to hope. Robotic exoskeletons, consisting of metal legs, motors, batteries, wiring, a controller and a set of strips work together like the user's bones, muscles and nerves-outside the body. Fastened into an exoskeleton and supported by sticks, users can direct the machinery to take them where they want to go.

In addition to partly restoring mobility, robotic exoskeletons offer the significant mental and physical health benefits of standing up and moving. Just being able to get up from a wheelchair gives patients a more natural, positive view of the world. It also helps relieve pressure on patients' skin and reduces the danger of pressure sores. Standing upright strengthens a disabled person's muscles and bones, improves heart health,and reduces certain other health complications (并发症). And it may actually result in partial nerve repair, something that can only happen when a patient is able to move.

As promising as this technology is, however, it is no simple cure-all for paralysis(瘫痪) or its complications. The motion is not accurate compared with natural walking, and exoskeletons are not easy to use, especially on surfaces that are not smooth. They are very expensive, costing about US$100000. Health insurance plans and government programs may not cover the cost of buying one.

Nevertheless, robotic exoskeletons, and access to them, will continue to improve. As with much modem technology, robotic exoskeletons will likely become more capable and easy to use, even as their cost goes down. Governments and insurers may increasingly see that the health benefits of these walking machines outweigh the costs, making it easier to fund them. Perhaps the day will come when nearly everyone paralyzed by spinal cord injury will be able to "walk" again.

举一反三
请阅读下面短文,并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。

    The hardworking and never-give-up attitude of Malaysian badminton star Lee Chong Wei has won many people's hearts.

    The 36-year-old player is already a veteran of the badminton world. Despite this, he doesn't want to call it a day. At the moment, nose cancer is keeping him out of the game.

    At a press conference earlier this month, Lee said that he hopes to return to badminton next year and to compete in his fifth Olympic Games held in Tokyo in 2020. “It's going to be tough to fight for the gold medal, but I will try my very best because it's always my dream,” he said. Although Lee is one of the world's greatest players, he has never won a badminton world championship. So if health permits, he will continue to compete because he wants an Olympic gold. Besides his great determination, his other drive is his passion for the sport. “One of the most important things in life to him is badminton,” Lee's coach Misbun Sodik told the New Straits Times.

    After two months of cancer treatment that caused eating and sleeping problems, recently Lee began a little training.

【写作内容】

1)用约30个单词概述上述信息的主要内容;

2)综合上述信息,用约120个单词谈一谈“热情对于一个人事业成功的重要性”及其理由。

【写作要求】

1)写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句;

2)作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称;

3)不必写标题。

【评分标准】

内容完整,语言规范,语篇连贯,词数适当。

阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

    "Helicopter parents" is a description of parents who are hovering over their children in a state of extreme concern. They always show up to solve their children's problems, protect them from real or imagined harm, resolve stressful situation, offer advice and get them out of trouble, even if they misbehaved. Although out of love and concern, it can have harmful effect on their children's emotional development and future autonomy.

    Children learn through their mistakes. But if you intervene (介入) at first sign of struggle and finish your child's homework, he'll miss out on valuable learning opportunities. You're sending him the message that he needs to be perfect and failure is not an option, otherwise you wouldn't always take over for him.

    By constantly rescuing your child from stressful situation, you're sending him a message that you don't believe he's capable of taking care of himself. Children develop self-esteem by learning how to complete challenge on their own. If you are always intervening, he's denied this vital stage in his growth. As a result, your child may lack the confidence necessary to do well in school, pursue hobbies and interests, and develop friendships.

    If you're always taking care of everything for your child, it'll be more difficult for him to become independent. As an adult, he might find it hard to take care of himself, because he's never developed coping skills to deal with life's challenges. He might suffer from irrational fears, anxiety and depression, which could lead him to drop out of college or frequently change jobs, according to Dr. Michele Borba. Instead of developing healthy relationships, he might seek a partner who will take care of him or controlling, as his parents were.

You can help your child become more independent by allowing him to complete tasks and challenges on his own without your intervention. Even if he fails at first don't interfere—encourage him to start again. Show that you have faith in his abilities to succeed without your help. Allow him to learn natural consequences. Even small things can help him become more independent—making his own bed, preparing his own lunch, shopping for his own clothes and doing homework without your help.

概要写作

    What is eco­fashion? Eco­fashion is about making clothes that considers the environment, the health of consumers and the working conditions of people in the fashion industry.

    A closer look at the fashion industry points out many problems that are common practices in the creation of our fashions from the field to the factory. Firstly, the production of textiles pollutes the environment heavily. Cotton­planting uses pesticides; sheep­farming and wool­cleaning bring about global warming. Secondly, every stage of clothing production consumes a great deal of energy and some also involve chemicals which obviously do harm to the surroundings. In addition, there is a lot of waste produced in the process, especially in the form of polluted water. Thirdly, growing purchasing power and our shopping habits further worsen the bad effects. We are now buying clothes in increasing quantities and we are also quick to throw away clothes that have been worn only a couple of times.

    Then, how to solve the problem? To a large degree, it is the fashion producers that really have the power and the responsibility to shape our future. There are a great many ways these producers can reduce their ecological footprint, from switching to green energy and reducing energy use, through selecting sustainable materials and choosing local suppliers, to recycling and minimizing waste. On the other hand, as consumers we can all play our part by selecting environmentally friendly clothing and reducing clothing buying.

    There is some concern that eco­friendly fashions are just a trend that we will eventually grow tired of but we can make sure that doesn't happen. Now many people are beginning to shop for organic food products because the benefits of eating food free of chemicals are immediate. They relate directly to our personal health. In fact, choosing eco­fashion can also do good to our personal health, though it is mostly done by way of keeping the health of the planet.

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