Grown-ups are often surprised by how well they remember something they learned as children but have never practiced ever since. A man who has not had a chance to go swimming for years can still swim as well as ever when he gets back in the water. He can get on a bicycle after many years and still ride away. He can play catch and hit a ball as well as his son. A mother who has not thought about the words for years can teach her daughter the poem that begins "Twinkle, twinkle, little star" or remember the story of Cinderella or Goldilocks and the Three Bears.

    One explanation is the law of overlearning, which can be stated as follows: Once we have learned something, additional learning trials increase the length of time we will remember it.

    In childhood we usually continue to practice such skills as swimming, bicycle riding, and playing baseball long after we have learned them. We continue to listen to and remind ourselves of words such as "Twinkle, twinkle, little star" and childhood tales such as Cinderella and Goldilocks. We not only learn but overlearn.

    The multiplication tables(乘法口诀表) are an exception to the general rule that we forget rather quickly the things that we learn in school, because they are another of the things we overlearn in childhood. The law of overlearning explains why cramming (突击学习) for an examination, though it may result in a passing grade, is not a satisfactory way to learn a college course. By cramming, a student may learn the subject well enough to get by on the examination, but he is likely soon to forget almost everything he learned. A little overlearning, on the other hand, is really necessary for one's future development.

    Shopping is a big part of the holiday season,when families and friends gather together and exchange gifts.While the popularity of shopping online has grown,such practices are not always eco-friendly or timely,as gifts bought online must be packaged and shipped,wasting valuable resources and time.

    The benefits of shopping locally go beyond convenience and reduce your carbon footprint.The following are a few ways that shopping locally this holiday season can directly benefit your community and the people who call it home.

    When men and women shop locally,they are putting money back into their local communities.Local businesses may be owned by your neighbors,and it can be comforting to know that your holiday shopping dollars are going to support a neighbor instead of a large company.Local businesses also employ your neighbors,so shopping locally can strengthen the local economy by creating jobs.

    Local businesses go a long way toward creating a neighborhood identity,and that identity can create a stronger sense of community among you and your neighbors.In addition,a unique community    identity can make your town more attractive to outsiders,and can also attract more people to local businesses in your neighborhood.

    The gifts you buy when shopping locally can also benefit your community.Gifts purchased from small local businesses tend to be more unique than items bought from national chains,as smaller retailers tend to sell more home-made items than their national competitors.Recipients of such items may find such gifts more thoughtful than mass produced items bought from national chains.

    The accessibility of customer service is another benefit of shopping locally.When you buy something from national chains,especially during the holiday season when such businesses may have to deal with orders,making contact with customer service departments can be a test of patience.A long wait on the phone or online can make the process of contacting customer service departments extremely frustrating.But such frustration is rare when shopping from local businesses,as consumers can simply buy their products in the store.In addition,shopping locally makes it more convenient for friends and family members who also live in your community to return their gifts.

    Having a busy schedule can result in disorder as well as the lack of not completing various tasks at hand.{#blank#}1{#/blank#}. Below are some tips of how to improve it.

    Establish a planning system

    There are several planning systems you can use.{#blank#}2{#/blank#}. With a planning system in place, when you have a task to do, you need to record the details of the task. Record what you need to do, the date it should be done and the time to complete the task.

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    Having a busy day can result in disorganization and many tasks will not be done. When you check your planner before starting your day, you will know what should be done, at what time and for how long.

    Complete tasks at the scheduled time

    In your planner, you have organized every task to be done at a specific (特定的) time and at a specific date.{#blank#}4{#/blank#}. If you don't complete a task at a specific time or take too much time completing a task, you will disorganize everything.

    Clean your work-space

    You need to be organized, therefore clean your work-space before and after you have completed the task. If the books were for a past homework, you need to clean up first before starting the new task.{#blank#}5{#/blank#}.

    Remember, an organized day in your life will save a lot and will help you enjoy your life.

A. Check your planner ahead of time

B. Finish your task as soon as possible

C. Don't deal with many tasks at a time

D. This will ensure every item is at its proper place

E. In order to have an enjoyable day, you need to start being organized

F. Make sure that every task is completed at the time and date scheduled

G. They include notebooks, a planning book and a smartphone with a to-do app

    At the age of 83, I'm reading more and dusting less. I'm sitting in the yard and admiring the view without caring about the weeds in the garden. I'm spending more time with my family and friends and less time working.

    Whenever possible, life should be a pattern of experiences to savor, not to suffer. I'm trying to recognize these moments now and cherish them.

    I'm not "saving" anything; we use our good china and crystal for every special event such as losing a pound, or the first Amaryllis blossom. I wear my good clothes to the market. I'm not saving my good perfume for special parties, but wearing it for clerks in the hardware store and tellers at the bank.

    "Someday "and" one of these days" are losing their positions in my vocabulary. If it's worth seeing or hearing or doing, I want to see and do it now.

    I'm not sure what others would have done had they known they wouldn't be here for the tomorrow that we all take for granted. I think they would have called family members and a few close friends. They might have called a few former friends to apologize and mend fences for past quarrels. I like to think they would have gone out for a Chinese dinner or for whatever their favorite food was.

    It's those little things left undone that would make me angry if I knew my hours were limited. Angry because I hadn't written certain letters that I intended to write one of these days. Angry and sorry that I didn't tell my husband and parents often enough how much I truly love them. I'm trying very hard not to put off, hold back, or save anything that would add laughter and luster to our lives. And every morning when I open my eyes, I tell myself that it is special. Every day, every minute, every breath truly is a gift.

    Chinese scientists recently have produced two monkeys with the same gene, Zhong Zhong and Hua Hua, using the same technique that gave us Dolly the sheep. These monkeys are not actually the first primates(灵长类)to be cloned. Another one named Tetra was produced in the late 1990s by embryo(胚胎)splitting, the division of an early-stage embryo into two or four separate cells to make clones. By contrast, they were each made by replacing an egg cell nucleus(原子核)with DNA from a differentiated body cell. This Dolly method, known as somatic cell nuclear transfer(SCNT), can create more clones and allows researchers greater control over the edits they make to the DNA.

    Success came from adopting several new techniques. These included a new type of microscopy to better view the cells during handling or using several materials that encourage cell reprogramming, which hadn't been tried before on primates. Still, the research process proved difficult, and many attempts by the team failed. Just two healthy baby monkeys born from more than 60 tested mothers. This leads to many researchers' pouring water on the idea that the team's results bring scientists closer to cloning humans. They thought this work is not a stepping stone to establishing methods for obtaining live born human clones. Instead, this clearly remains a very foolish thing to attempt, it would be far too inefficient, far too unsafe, and it is also pointless.

    But the scientists involved emphasize that this is not their goal. There is now no barrier for cloning primate species, thus cloning humans is closer to reality. However, their research purpose is entirely for producing non-human primate models for human diseases; they absolutely have no intention, and society will not permit this work to be extended to humans. Despite limitations, they treat this breakthrough a novel model system for scientists studying human biology and disease.

    BA0059 to Cape Town

    BRITISH AIRWAYS

    27^th AUGUST

    Dear customer,

    I am sorry for the disruption(扰乱) to your journey today. When flying Morocco, your aircraft changed its course and flew to Barcelona due to a medical emergency. As a result, the cabin crew are legally out of flying hours to continue on to Cape Town. The service has therefore returned to Heathrow Airport, London to allow for a change of crew.

    Your new departure time will be 18:00 on 28^th August, arriving in Cape Town at 06:40 on 29^th August.

    We have arranged rooms for you to stay at the Renaissance Hotel. Breakfast, lunch and a three-minute telephone call will also be provided for you.

    We suggest that you take your hold luggage with you when you go to the hotel. For your transport to the hotel, you will need to make your way to bus stop 15. This is located outside the main Terminal (航站楼) building.

    Transport back to Heathrow Terminal 4 has been arranged at 14:15 on 28^th August. Check-in will be available at Zone A from 15:00. Passengers travelling in First or Club World may check in at Zone D.

    I again apologize for the inconvenience and frustration you have been caused. I can assure you we are doing our best to make your wait as comfortable and brief as possible. Thank you very much for your understanding.

    Yours faithfully,

    Reg Harper

    Customer Service Duty Manager

    PO Box 10 Heathrow Airport

    Hounslow Middlesex TW6 2JA