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题型:阅读理解 题类:常考题 难易度:普通

2016-2017学年江西临川区二中高二上期中考试英语卷

阅读理解

    To understand how Americans think about things, it is necessary to understand "the point". Americans mention it often: "Let's get right to the point." They will say, "My point is…" "What's the point of all this?"

    The "point" is the idea or piece of information that Americans suppose is, or should be, at the center of people's thinking, writings, and spoken comments. Speakers and writers are supposed to "make their points clear", meaning that they are supposed to say or write clearly the idea or piece of information they wish to express.

    People from many other cultures have different ideas about the point. Africans traditionally tell stories that express the thoughts they have in mind, rather than stating the point clearly. Japanese traditionally speak indirectly, leaving the listener to figure out what the point is. Thus, while an American might say to a friend, "I don't think that coat goes very well with the rest of your outfit," a Japanese might say, "Maybe another coat would look even better than the one you have on." Americans value a person who "gets right to the point". Japanese are likely to consider such a person insensitive if not rude.

    The Chinese and Japanese languages are characterized by vagueness and ambiguity. The precision and directness Americans associate with "the point" cannot be achieved, at least not with any grace, in Chinese and Japanese. Speakers of those languages thus have to learn a new way of reasoning and expressing their ideas if they are going to communicate satisfactorily with Americans.

根据短文内容,选择最佳答案,并将选定答案的字母标号填在题前括号内。

(1)、According to the passage, Americans expect speakers and writers to ________.

A、express their personal views B、be clear about their main ideas C、be honest about their true feelings D、give as much information as possible
(2)、Which of the following peoples will tell a story to express what they have in mind?

A、Americans. B、Chinese. C、Japanese. D、Africans.
(3)、The underlined word "outfit" in the third paragraph probably means ________.

A、appearance B、behavior C、speech D、clothes
(4)、In order to communicate with Americans satisfactorily, speakers of Chinese need to ________.

A、mind their manners B、explain their reasons clearly C、change their ways of expressing ideas D、be careful about their choices of words
举一反三
    China's admiration of outstandingscholars has turned the well-preserved childhood home of  Tu Youyou, the Chinese pharmacologist(药理学家) who won this year's Nobel Prize in physiology(生理学) orMedicine, into a popular tourist destination.

    Since it was announced on Monday that84-year-old Tu had become the first Chinese citizen to win this internationalprize, her former home in the old town of Ningbo, Zhejiang province, hasattracted visi-tors, especially parents and their children-even though it isnot open to the public.

    The house, where Tu lived until she wentto university in Beijing, covers an area of 2,200 square meters and is pricedat 150 million yuan( $ 23. 6 million) . It is part of a complex of 37traditional build-ings, including several city-and-district-level culturalrelic preservation sites, that have been trans-formed into a high-end art, andcommercial zone.

    "There are continually parentstaking their children, from infants in strollers to college students, to takephotos in front of Tu's former home. Security guards have been ordered to go onpatrol around the clock,"  said Mr.Zhao, a salesperson from Ningbo Real Estate Inc Co.

    Shanghai resident Xu Lingfei, who was ona trip to Ningbo, took her 9-year-old son to walk around the complex onWednesday. "Chinese people believe in exams and awards and have a strongpreference for high performers. Taking children to visit the former dwellingplaces of celebrities(名人)  is a way to inspire them to studyharder," Xu said.

    Something similar happened. after Mo Yanwon the Nobel Prize for literature in 2012. Tourists started visiting Mo'sformer home in rural Caomi, Shandong Province, in an endless stream startingthe day after he won the prize. Some even pulled the radishes planted in frontof the house. and carried away some bricks.

阅读理解

HEARST CASTLE, CA

    Hearst Castle is open for tours daily, except Thanksgiving, Christmas and New Year's Day.

Tour A — The Grand Rooms

    View the ground floor rooms of La Casa Grande where Mr. Hearst's guests met their host and were entertained during their stay. See the Assembly Room, where guests met for cocktails, the Refectory, where meals were served, the Morning Room, Billiard Theater. Your knowledgeable guide will bring this big house to life sharing stories about Mr. Hearst, his many guests, and the art collection it contains.

Prices: Adults: $25.00; Children: $12.00.

Tour B—The Upstairs Suites (套房)

    This tour features rooms on the upper floors of Casa Grande. Travel through guest suites on your way to the Library where Mr. Hearst housed a collection of 2,000-year-old Greek pots. Visit Mr. Hearst's private third floor suite including his bedroom and private study where he held business meetings. Learn about the genius of architect Julia Morgan and the way she put Mr. Hearst's art collection into the design.

Prices: Adults: $20.00; Children: $10.00.

Tour C—Evening Tour

    This tour allows visitors to experience the Castle at night as a visitor to the Castle in the 1930s might have. It features highlights from the experience, Upper Floors of Casa Grande, and Garden tours.

Evening tours are offered on most Fridays and Saturdays during March—May & October — December.

Prices: Adults: $36.00; Children: $18.00.

Tour D—Accessible Holiday Twilight

    This tour is wheelchair accessible. Visitors who have difficulty climbing stairs, or who cannot stand or walk for extended period, may also benefit from this tour. Accessible transportation is provided from the Visitor Center to all areas of the Holiday at Hearst Castle tour. Call 866-712-2286 for additional information.

Prices: Adults: $30.00; Children: $15.00.

阅读理解

    When Casey Waletich, the director of safety and operations at the Hillsboro School District in Oregon, decided to start a campaign against bullying (欺凌)in his district, he knew he had to get the students on board.

   "We knew that this had to be a student-led effort. The days of having schools do things without the involvement of the students are over,"Mr. Waletich says.

    So he got a group of students together and asked them how they would like to do things. The resulting campaign," Rethink, Redefine, Where Do You Stand?" was launched in October 2014.

    The Hillsboro campaign is just one example of how schools nationwide are increasingly turning to students to develop-anti-bullying movements designed to not just discourage bulling, but also to encourage students to get involved.

    In 2013, some 20 percent of high school students reported experiencing bullying, according to federal data on Stop Bulling gov. The figure jumps to 28 percent when middle school students are included. Some 70 percent of young people say they have witnessed bullying.

    In response to these issues, anti-bullying campaigns in which students have a central role are being conducted across the country. From West Jordan, Utah(where students participated in a three-year character-building program to stop bullying), to Lisbon, Iowa, and Goodrich, Mich, school officials report that their students are taking ownership.

   "This year I've noticed our students are already thinking about what they need to do to make Sunset Ridge an accepting, safe environment." Said Julie Scherzinger, a guidance councilor at Sunset Ridge Middle School in West Jordan." Students come up to me and ask if anyone needs help"

   "There are many reasons why having students at the center is most

important." Says Ron Avi Astor, a professor in social development at the University of Southern California in Los Angeles." Bullying takes place when adults are absent. The kids see and hear more and can go and inform adults when they aren't there to respond immediately"

   "Teaching kids to step up when someone is being bullied teaches them how to be responsible citizens." Ron Avi Astor added.

阅读理解

    The well-known adventurer (冒险家)and explorer Steve Fossett, born in 1944 in America, was famous for extraordinary efforts setting world records in flying, ballooning and sailing. He set or broke over 100 records in five different sports, many of which are still held. Many of his most extraordinary adventures were as a pilot. He once said that he did not like risks. This might sound strange considering his activities. But he said what he tried to do was to reduce risk with careful planning, technological development and the help of the best scientists and other experts. In 2007, during a short-distance flight, his plane disappeared and he died at the age of 63.

    In 1903 Benjamin Spock was born in America. After he attended Yale University he joined a sports team that competed in rolling boats, which in 1924 won the gold medal at the Olympic Games in Paris. He used to work at a camp for disabled children for three summers during his years at Yale. And the experience probably led to his decision to enter Yale Medical School, and finally completed his medical degree at Columbia in New York. From 1933 he worked as a baby doctor, trying to fit the theories (理论)about how children develop with what mothers told him about their children. During the 1950s, Dr Spock became famous. He wrote articles for magazines, appeared on TV programs, taught at universities and gave speeches to talk to parents about their concerns (担心).Benjamin died in 1998 at 94. Yet his advice continues to affect the lives of millions of children and their parents.

    An 80-year-old Japanese mountain climber who has had four heart surgeries (手术) reached the top of Mount on Thursday, becoming the oldest to climb up the world's highest mountain on May 23, 2013. It was Yuichiro Miura. As a famous adventurer, he skied down Everest from the South Col in 1970, a deed that became the subject of a documentary. He has since skied down the highest mountains on each of the seven continents, following the tradition of his late father, who skied down Europe's Mont Blanc at 99. "If you wish strongly, have courage and endurance, then you can get to the summit (顶峰)of your dream, Miura said.

阅读理解

    China will follow up on its successful mission (任务) to the far side of the moon by sending a probe to Mars next year, one of its top space scientists said Sunday. Wu Weiren, chief designer of China's lunar exploration program, said the red planet was the natural next step. "Next year we'll launch a Mars probe to orbit around the Mars, land on it and probe it," he said. China will also send another probe to take back samples from the moon's surface.

    Wu's comments came as a Mars simulation(模拟) base opened in Qinghai's Qaidam Basin. According to the state-run Global Times, while the red rocky area bears a strikingly similarity to Mars, it's extremely difficult to simulate Mars due to its special natural features and hostile environment—low air pressure, strong radiation and frequent sandstorms, as well as vast differences in geography.

    China didn't send its first satellite into orbit until 1970, by which time America had already landed an astronaut on the moon, but it's been catching up fast. Since 2003, China has sent six crews into space and two space labs into Earth's orbit. In 2013, China successfully landed a rover, Yutu 1, on the moon, becoming only the third country to do so.

    Last December, China landed another probe and a rover, Yutu 2, on the far side of the moon. Progress has been slow going since then: due to the extreme conditions there, the rover often has to hibernate to preserve its capabilities for further exploration, Wu said. "The temperature there is minus 190 degrees Celsius, which all components and parts cannot stand. So we let it sleep for a while, making sure it can spend the night safely. A few days ago, it woke up automatically to work. We've gained lots of data in the past few days, and we're going to make the data known to the world,” Wu said.

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