题型:阅读表达 题类:常考题 难易度:普通
北京101中学2020届上学期初中九年级开学摸底考试英语试卷
When an animal helps another animal, it usually gets something valuable (有价值的) in return. For a long time, many scientists thought that only people could act generously (慷慨地) just because it feels good.
However, a new study in Germany suggests that chimpanzees (an animal like a large monkey without a tail) also do good things for no real reason. And so do children who are as young as 18 months of age. Maybe it is because humans and chimpanzees share an ancestor about 6 million years ago.
People and chimpanzees appear to develop such features without any other training, says Warneken, a scientist in Germany.
Warneken and his partners worked on adult chimpanzees that live on an island in the African country of Uganda. They also worked with 18—month—old children in Germany. The researchers performed three experiments on the adult chimpanzees and two experiments on the kids. In the first animal experiment, a person tried to reach his arm into a cage to get a stick, but he couldn't reach it. A chimpanzee was in the cage, and it could reach the stick if it wanted to.
Thirty-six chimpanzees took part in this experiment one by one, and no chimpanzee saw what the other chimpanzees had done. Even though the animals hadn't met the person before, they usually took the stick and gave it to the person. What's more, they did this whether or not the person gave them bananas as a reward (奖励).
In a similar experiment, 36 children acted in a similar way. They helped the person reach the stick, whether or not they were given toys for their help.
Researchers did other experiments on chimpanzees and babies. No rewards were given in either experiment. And still, both the chimpanzees and children went out of their way to help.
Tom Smith was a writer. He wrote detective ( 侦探) stories for magazines. One evening he could not find an end for a story. He sat with his pen in front of him, {#blank#}1{#/blank#}. So he decided to go to the cinema.
When he came back, {#blank#}2{#/blank#} . The man had a drink, smoked several of Tom's cigarettes (香烟) and read the story. The man left a note, "I have read your story and I don't think much of it.
{#blank#}3{#/blank#} . By the way, I am a thief. I am not going to steal anything tonight. But if you become a famous writer, I will return."
{#blank#}4{#/blank#}. Then he sat down and finished the story. {#blank#}5{#/blank#} but when he goes out in the evening, he always leaves a half-finished story on his desk.
A. Please read my advice and you can write a wonderful story B. but had no idea. C. Please write down my advice and you can finish you story. D. Tom read the thief's advice E. Tom is famous now F. Tom is still not a famous writer. G. he found that someone had broken into (闯入) his house H. Fathers need to look after their children carefully. |
Reporter: {#blank#}1{#/blank#}
Michael: I perform in the evenings, but luckily I don't have to get up early. So in the mornings I sleep in, and then practise on stage for 45 minutes. I have to do a lot of exercise before each show.
Reporter: {#blank#}2{#/blank#}
Michael: Because it's like a dream of flying. When you do a great performance on the trapeze, it's an unbelievable feeling.
Reporter: {#blank#}3{#/blank#}
Michael: Working at such a high level every day.
Sometimes you wake up with a stomachache, but you have to perform.
Reporter: {#blank#}4{#/blank#}
Michael: You need to be strong to deal with physical training. You mustn't be heavy, or your partner can't catch you easily. You can't be at all nervous when there are 5,000 people watching you.
Reporter: {#blank#}5{#/blank#}
Michael: We get paid per show and the amount depends on your contract(合同). Of course,we can set extra money for extra performances.
A. How is your day at work? B. What is hard about your job? C. Why do you love your job? D. How much are you usually paid? E. What skills do you need to be a trapeze(高空秋千)artist? |
Taking a nap(小睡) every single day may be the least favorite thing for a child in kindergarten. However, being able to relax and get some rest in the middle of the day is great for many adults. {#blank#}1{#/blank#}
{#blank#}2{#/blank#}People who take naps are seen as lazy. You can even be kicked off your job if you fall asleep at work. This kind of thinking dates back to the founders of the US, Puritans(清教徒). {#blank#}3{#/blank#}
{#blank#}4{#/blank#}Some people even bring their pillows(枕头) to work for nap time. People have a much more relaxing attitude towards taking naps than in the US.
{#blank#}5{#/blank#}But on the other hand, having a short rest can help you work better. A good rest can improve your mood as well. So why not take a nap during lunch break and make the rest of the day more enjoyable?
A. On the one hand, it is true that you spend less time working if you take a nap. B. But attitude towards naps are quite different between the US and China. C. But in China, taking a nap is just a normal part of the day. D. They are known for working hard. E. In the US, a nap in the middle of the day is looked down upon. |
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