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题型:阅读选择 题类:常考题 难易度:困难

北京市2019年九年级下学期英语限时练习测试卷

阅读理解

    It took 13 years of international effort to map the human biological blueprint of all the genes (基因) that make us different people. The first rough draft (草图) made in 2000. The last of our 23 chromosomes (染色体) was clearly described in 2006. Ever since then, the age of personal genetic testing has been upon us. Since that time, a growing number of private companies have come on the market mostly through the Internet, offering to scan your personal DNA and compare it to some disease markets of the blueprint, called DTC genetic tests.

    But over the last five years the medical world has been discussing excitedly about whether these DTC tests are helpful or harmful, scientifically believable or completely useless. One of the usual criticisms (批评) is that the science is so new that no one really knows yet how to explain the information.

    "At present they largely remain in the period of research studies," notes Dr. Greg Ferro, special advisor to the director of genomic medicine at the US National Human Genome Research Institute. Ferro says there are two reasons." The first is that when they offer a test, are they really checking what they should check? And then the next is that even if it is believable, does what the test is checking really mean anything to your health?"

    Other worries include the privacy of the results and how your personal genetic information might be used by insurance (保险) companies to refuse your insurance or your boss to dismiss you. Or you could learn information with a huge social or personal impact (冲击), such as finding out that genetically you cannot possibly be the father of your child. It can also give you risks that may break your life, such as whether you are at high risk of cancer, Parkinson or other terrible diseases.

    Criticisms over the tests are such that some countries, such as Germany, have banned them. In 2011, some scientists advised the US government that most tests should be done under the guidance of medical professionals (专家). The UK government also expressed its worries about DTC genetic tests and in August 2010 made a set of rules to guide the development of genetic tests.

    In 2011, three medical researchers published a review article in the International Journal of Clinical Practice, saying that such tests offered more risks than benefits. The most important reason is that the tests might create worries or unreal results or drive unnecessary medical treatments. They also noted some of the genetic information the tests are based on at present is far from being perfect.

(1)、When did the research of human genes begin?
A、In 1987. B、In 1993. C、In 2000. D、In 2006.
(2)、What is the result of the medical world's discussion about genetic tests?
A、They are both good and bad for people. B、They are useful for some companies. C、They still remain the period of research. D、They have caused a lot of criticisms.
(3)、The most important fact that causes the worries about genetic tests is that ___________.
A、people are too weak to receive social or personal impact B、we are afraid of face the bad news that will break our life C、doing these tests is against the laws in a lot of countries, D、little is known about genes and the information they carry
(4)、What can we infer from the passage?
A、Something must be done to stop genetic tests. B、Discussion about genetic tests is needed among people. C、More research work needs to be done about genetic tests. D、With the help of the government, genetic tests can develop fast.
举一反三
阅读短文,根据短文内容回答问题

    Canada is the second-largest country in the world, with almost 10 million square kilometres of landmass. Due to (由于) its size, it is divided into four different regions(地区).

    The Atlantic Provinces

    Fishing is the old industry in this region. Agricultural crops, such as fruit and potatoes, and forests, which produce paper and lumber(木材), form part of the industry. Traditionally depending on fishing and farming, they are developing other natural resources, such as oil and copper.

    Central Canada

    Ontario and Quebec form the industrial and manufacturing (制造业的) heart of Canada. They produce three quarters of Canada's goods. More than half of Canada's population lives in the cities in the southern part of Ontario and Quebec. Most of the people living in Quebec speak French.

    The West Coast

    The British Columbia Coast is Canada's western continental coastline (海 岸 线 ). Europeans settled (定 居 ) in British Columbia in the early 1800s. The railroad built by the government in the late 1800s made moving much easier. Thousands of Chinese came to British Columbia during this period to work on the railroad. British Columbia has the most valuable forest industry in Canada.

Salmon (鲑鱼) fishing is not only a popular sport, but also an important part of the industry. Pacific salmon are exported (出口) all over the world.

    The North

    The Yukon and the Northwest Territories (领土) cover a third of Canada. This huge region has a very small population. Most of the people are natives. There are several native languages, which are equal (平等的) in status (地位) to English and French. During the Gold Rush at the end of the 1800s, thousands of miners (矿工) came to make their fortune (财富). Mining is still an important industry in this region.

 阅读理解

Whether yellow, red or white, the onion is a vegetable that you may not know well. The list of its uses in cooking is endless. People have used onions to add flavor(味道) to their foods for thousands of years. Besides onions' great taste, they are very good for you. They have special chemicals(化学物质) that improve your ability to fight off sickness and you have fewer chances of getting a disease. 

No matter how good onions are for you, it is difficult to cut an onion without your eyes filling with tears! When you cut into an onion, irritating(刺激性的) chemicals inside the onion will get into the air. They touch your whole eyes and cause pain. Your eyes make tears to wash away the chemicals and protect your eyes. 

Luckily, cooks and scientists have discovered some ways to keep you from crying when you cut up onions:

Cut the onion under running water. The water will wash away the chemicals before they can reach your eyes. 

Use a fan to blow air over the onion as you cut it. The air will blow the chemicals away from your eyes. 

Put the onion in a fridge for an hour before cutting. This helps make the chemicals in the onion move slowly, so they may not ever reach your eyes. 

If you try out these good ideas and still cry while cutting onions, don't worry. Scientists think if you cut more onions, your body will become more resilient to the onion's chemicals. So the tears will not last long. If you think about how healthy onions are, you might even call those tears "happy tears".

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