题型：阅读选择 题类：常考题 难易度：困难
北京市2019年九年级下学期英语限时练习测试卷
It took 13 years of international effort to map the human biological blueprint of all the genes (基因) that make us different people. The first rough draft (草图) made in 2000. The last of our 23 chromosomes (染色体) was clearly described in 2006. Ever since then, the age of personal genetic testing has been upon us. Since that time, a growing number of private companies have come on the market mostly through the Internet, offering to scan your personal DNA and compare it to some disease markets of the blueprint, called DTC genetic tests.
But over the last five years the medical world has been discussing excitedly about whether these DTC tests are helpful or harmful, scientifically believable or completely useless. One of the usual criticisms (批评) is that the science is so new that no one really knows yet how to explain the information.
"At present they largely remain in the period of research studies," notes Dr. Greg Ferro, special advisor to the director of genomic medicine at the US National Human Genome Research Institute. Ferro says there are two reasons." The first is that when they offer a test, are they really checking what they should check? And then the next is that even if it is believable, does what the test is checking really mean anything to your health?"
Other worries include the privacy of the results and how your personal genetic information might be used by insurance (保险) companies to refuse your insurance or your boss to dismiss you. Or you could learn information with a huge social or personal impact (冲击), such as finding out that genetically you cannot possibly be the father of your child. It can also give you risks that may break your life, such as whether you are at high risk of cancer, Parkinson or other terrible diseases.
Criticisms over the tests are such that some countries, such as Germany, have banned them. In 2011, some scientists advised the US government that most tests should be done under the guidance of medical professionals (专家). The UK government also expressed its worries about DTC genetic tests and in August 2010 made a set of rules to guide the development of genetic tests.
In 2011, three medical researchers published a review article in the International Journal of Clinical Practice, saying that such tests offered more risks than benefits. The most important reason is that the tests might create worries or unreal results or drive unnecessary medical treatments. They also noted some of the genetic information the tests are based on at present is far from being perfect.
| ●After killing an animal, a cheetah waits half an hour to catch its breath. | ●The biggest horses are the Shire horses. The tallest on record is 198cms from shoulder to leg. | ●The only mammal that can fly is the bat. Bat's wings are overgrown hands. |
| ●Gorillas are actually very gentle animals although they have bad reputation (声誉). ●Gorillas build nests in tree tops to sleep in. | ●The rhino has the thickest skin of any animal. Its skin is 2cms thick and covers their body like armor. | ●An elephant's trunk has no bones in it, only 100,000 muscles!!! ●Elephant babies take 22 months to develop inside their mothers before they are born. |
| ●A kitten is born blind and helpless and stays close to its mother for protection. In just nine weeks, it can grow big enough to leave its mother and look after itself. | ●A camel's hump is actually used to store food. It is made of extra (多余的) fat. ●They have long legs to keep them as far away from the ground as possible | ● Bears usually walk on 4 legs, but when they are frightened, they stand up and walk on two legs to make themselves appear bigger. |
China is a country in East Asia. It is large in more than one way. More than 1.4 billion people live here.{#blank#}1{#/blank#} And China is the third largest country by total area in the world.
This large country has many different kinds of land. It has some very low areas of land.{#blank#}2{#/blank#} It is Ayding Lake in the Turpan Depression (吐鲁番盆地). Other parts of China have mountains. For example, part of the Himalayas is in the west part of the country. {#blank#}3{#/blank#}
The snow in the mountains is a source (源头) of many rivers. In fact, the snow makes two of China's most important rivers. They are the Yellow River and the Yangtze River.{#blank#}4{#/blank#} It is very special to Chinese people, as it is the birthplace of Chinese civilization (文明). The Yangtze River is the longest river in Asia and the third longest river in the world.
There are thousands of rivers in China.{#blank#}5{#/blank#} And rain forests are also in some areas of the country. So visitors can enjoy diverse landscapes (多样的风景) in this country!
A. But there are still deserts in the country. B. The Yellow River is China's second longest river. C. That's about a fifth of all the people in the world! D. These great rivers run along from the west to the east. E. This area has some of the biggest mountains in the world. F. In fact, the second lowest land point on Earth is in China. |
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