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题型:阅读选择 题类:常考题 难易度:困难

广东省深圳市龙华区高峰学校2016-2017学年八年级下学期英语期中考试试卷

阅读理解

E

    The Earth is our home; we must take care of it. This means keeping the land, air and water clean. Pollution is a dirty word. To pollute means to make things unfit or unclean to use. Pollution comes in many ways. We see it, smell it, taste it and drink it. Pollution is beginning to threaten (威胁) our health, our happiness and our life. Man has been polluting the earth from the time he first made fire, washed his clothes in the river and threw his waste on the ground. When land was used up or water became dirty, men moved on to another place. At first, the problem was not so serious because there was plenty of clean air, land and water. There weren't so many people then and their wants were fewer. All the dirty things could be absorbed (吸收) by nature and soon covered over. But this is no longer true. The increase of population and the development of industry(工业)have changed that. Man is slowly poisoning (毒害) his environment. Through the use of poison, man has polluted the land, killing the animals. By putting dirty water and chemicals into rivers and lakes we have polluted our drinking water, killing the fish.

    Our increasing population is part of the problem. More people, more waste.

    Where is this all to end? Are we turning the world into a big rubbish dump (堆存处), or is there any hope that we can get rid of (摆脱, 除去) the pollution? Luckily, millions of people have been warned of the danger of pollution. Large numbers of people are now working hard to bring pollution under control.

(1)、Which of the following sentences is NOT true according to the passage?

A、We live on the earth, so we should look after it. B、To pollute means to make air, water and land unfit for use. C、All the waste produced by modern industry can be absorbed. D、Man is now fighting against different kinds of pollution.
(2)、In this passage the word "chemicals" means ______.

A、化学 B、化学物质 C、化学的 D、医学的
(3)、Through the uncontrolled use of poison man has ______.

A、made the drinking water dirty B、polluted the land C、killed the animals D、all of the above
(4)、From the sentences "More people, more waste", we know that ______.

A、because of the increase of population and the development of industry, more and more waste is produced B、we need more people, not more waste C、there isn't any hope that we can get rid of the pollution D、more people have been warned of the danger of more waste
举一反三
Rivers are one of our most important natural resources(资源). Many of the world's great cities are located on rivers, and almost every country has at least one river running through it that plays an important part in the lives of its people.
Since the beginning of history, people have used rivers for transportation. The longest one in the United States is the Mississippi. The lifeline of Egypt is the Nile. To the people of India, the Ganges is great, but it is also important for transportation; ships can travel along it for a thousand miles. Other great rivers are the Congo in Africa and the Mekong in southeastern Asia. The greatest of all for navigation(航海), however, is the Amazon in Brazil(巴西). It is so wide and so deep that large ships can go about two thousand miles up it.
Besides transportation, rivers give food to eat, water to drink, water for crops, and chances for fun. In order to increase the supply(供给) of water for crops, engineers sometimes build a dam (大坝)across a river and let a lake form behind the dam. Then people can use the water not only to irrigate(灌溉) their fields but also to make electricity for their homes and industries.
However, large cities and industries that are located on rivers often cause problems. As the cities grow in size and industries increase in number, the water in the rivers becomes polluted with chemicals and other materials. People are learning the importance, however, of doing more to keep their rivers clean if they want to enjoy the benefits of these natural resources.

阅读理解

    Each year more than2,500 people die and 12,600 are injured in home fires just in the UnitedStates, with direct property(财产) lossbecause of home fires at about $7.3 billion every year. Every day Americansexperience tile horror(惨状) of fires, but most people don'tunderstand fires.

    To protect yourself, itis important to learn something about home fires.

    In less than 30 secondsa small flame can get completely out of control and turn into a major fire. Itonly takes minutes for thick black smoke to fill a house or for it to be inflames. Most deadly fires occur in the home when people are asleep, lf yourealize a fire, you won't have time to take valuables because the fire spreadstoo quickly and the smoke is too thick. The fire uses up the oxygen you needand produces smoke and poisonous(有毒的) gases that kill. Breathing even small amounts of smoke and toxicgases can make you tired and sleepy, and short of breath. The smoke can causeyou to be a deep sleeper before the flames reach your door. You may not wake upin time to escape.

    Room temperatures in afire can be 100 degrees at floor level and rise to 600 degrees at eye level.Breathing in this super-hot air will burn your lungs. It can melt clothes toyour skin. In five minutes, a mom can get so hot that everything in it startsto burn at once.

    Fires are bright atfirst, but quickly produce black smoke and complete darkness. If you wake up toa fire you may be blinded, confused about where you are or which direction you shouldgo in and unable to find your way around the home you've lived in for years.

    Only when we know thetrue nature of fires can we prepare our families and ourselves.

阅读理解

    You and I can tell one face from another easily, but can computers do the same with few mistakes? At an earlier time, many thought it was impossible, but progress in facial recognition(识别)software has made it come true. Technology is quickly catching up with the human ability to read faces.

    Some facial recognition systems use a digital picture and measure(测量) different points on the face. Measurements include the distance between the eyes, the width of the nose, the length of the jaw(下巴) line and more. A detailed map, or faceprint, of the face is developed, stored and later used as a basis for comparison and matching.

    Some government agencies, airports and banks use facial recognition technology for safety purposes. Apple and Facebook use it to provide their users with added convenience. For example, Apple's new iPhone is expected to use it to unlock the home screen. Other companies use it to help them in better recognizing their customers' needs. For example, some stores are checking into the use of the technology to catch sight of return customers. Then they can offer special deals, based on the customers' buying habits.

    In America, facial recognition is used by universities to check students' attendance. This year Welsh police used it to catch a terrorist outside a football game. In China it checks on the identities of ride-hailing drivers, permits tourists to enter some places of interest quickly and lets people pay for things with a smile.

    While some systems are used with the knowledge of the persons, others aren't, and that raises worries. For many people, however, convenience outbalances the worries, in other words, meaning that facial recognition technology is likely here to stay.

阅读理解

    The name of our galaxy(星系), the Milky Way, comes from its appearance. It's a milky white band of glowing light that spreads across the night sky. If you look up at the evening sky, there's a good chance you will not be able to see what your grandmother saw when she was a little girl. A new study says that nearly 80 percent of people in North America can't see the Milky Way because of light pollution.

    The most light-polluted country in the world is Singapore where researchers found that people living in the country never have the chance to experience true darkness. Other countries with large percentages of people living under such skies include Qatar, Kuwait and the United Arab Emirates.

    Too much light has a direct influence on human physiology and behavior. It can also destroy our sleep cycle. What's more, it also influences wildlife. For example, baby turtles may not swim into the ocean because of street lights near shorelines.

    In the U.S., some communities have been taking action on light pollution but in developing countries, people still want to make bigger, brighter light, like LED lights. They can save energy, but on the other hand, they will increase light pollution rapidly in fact.

    There are still people that can remember when they used to be able to see the Milky Way, when they would walk outside at night, but those are becoming fewer and fewer.

    Nighttime natural scenery needs protection just like daytime scenery. Don't let the light pollution steal the chance to experience the wonder of a natural night sky from us.

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