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题型:阅读选择 题类:常考题 难易度:普通

江西省南昌市民德学校2020届九年级下学期英语3月开学考试卷

阅读理解

    Our brains believe information automatically(自动地)-even if it's false-because we can learn efficiently this way. "We're learning false information not because we're poor learners or not working hard," says David Rapp, a psychology and education professor at Northwestern University. "In many cases, it's a useful skill for us to accept what people tell us, because often what people tell us is true."

    When we hear new information, those fresh facts don't cover what we knew before. We'll draw on old or new information when the situation comes up.                 . Short-term memories are easier for our brains to access than facts we heard longer ago, because they're fresher in our minds-even if they're wrong. Since we have to think back further to remember old information, we will often ignore it in favour of new inaccurate (不准确的)information. New information is what we're currently thinking about or has been recently presented to us, while the old one isn't as readily available.

    We also buy into the facts that seem more reasonable. Often, this means they fit better with what we want to believe, which can explain why people quote different facts in political debates. Both candidates said something that was objectively true or not, but people would go with what they hope to be true.

    Things get even trickier when truth and falsehood coexist in the information. For instance, our brains aren't sure whether to believe the descriptions of London in Harry Potter. "Don't look for that train station to Hogwarts, but there might be streets mentioned that are real," says Dr. Rapp. In fact, our brains can keep track of what's true or false by mentally tagging(标记)facts as either true or false, but sorting all that information takes time. In many cases, we are unlikely to think critically to get information, especially when we are reading for pleasure.

    However, it's worth putting in the extra effort to have a second thought about the information that seems doubtful. "With the ease that we can look things up on the Internet," says Dr. Rapp, "there's no reason not to." "Seek out reliable sources," he adds.

(1)、The missing sentence in Paragraph 2 might be "        ".
A、We always find the information updating fast nowadays B、Oftentimes, we use the information we heard most recently C、From time to time, we fail to remember unimportant things D、We hardly see old information that is different from the truth
(2)、The underlined phrase "buy into" in Paragraph 3 can be replaced by        .
A、believe in B、learn from C、come up with D、care about
(3)、Why does the writer mention Harry Potter in Paragraph 4?
A、To prove people are unable to think critically when reading. B、To show the information we get can be a mix of true and false. C、To warn readers of the negative influence, of false information. D、To explain how individual facts are mentally tagged as true or false.
(4)、What can we learn from the passage?
A、Our brains can do very little with false information. B、Short-term memories can cover long-term memories. C、Dr. Rapp calls on people not to depend on the Internet. D、People need to double-check the information they question.
举一反三
完成表格。阅读下面短文,根据其内容,完成表格中所缺信息。

Nowadays in school life, a lot of students develop a fear of tests. It's not because tests are something to be afraid of. Most students are afraid of tests mainly because they don't always think they are well—prepared and they don't have enough self—confidence. If you follow the advice below, it's not difficult to overcome your fear of tests.

People who know that they are not well—prepared are usually those who fear tests most. However, most students don't know when they are truly prepared for a test. As long as you know that you have studied well and long enough, you have reason to believe that you are well—prepared.

Be confident about yourself. Confidence before a test can bring about two results: either you fail the test and feel as if your confidence was unfounded (毫无根据的) or you could actually do well in the test because of your confidence. Some students find that they experience the first result. However, this is only because those students might not have followed the first advice mentioned above. As long as you have studied well, you will be more confident of your chance to succeed in a test. If you feel as if you have not studied hard enough, then you will not be as confident as you should be.

Ask your teacher in advance (提前) about the material that is going to be covered in the test. In this way, you will know what you should prepare for and you can get confidence in the test. But you have to be brave enough to ask. Most students do not ask unless their teacher gives the information first, so make sure that you ask.

You should know that tests are only telling if you have got the knowledge, not how good or bad your IQ is. So, even if you do badly in one test, you should know that there are other tests to come. As long as you think that there is another tomorrow, you can overcome your fear of a test. However, make sure that you are going to prepare well for the other tests.

Fear can be a problem in the process of achieving success. However, with the right attitude (态度) and preparations, you can overcome your fear of tests by using these suggestions.

Problem

Many students{#blank#}1{#/blank#}take tests in school life.

Causes

They don't think they have prepared well. They are not{#blank#}2{#/blank#}.

Advice

Prepare well

When having studied well and long enough, you are sure to be well—prepared.

Be confident

With confidence, you may succeed easily and you may also fail because you are not well—prepared.

Confidence comes from {#blank#}3{#/blank#}

Ask for key points

Be brave to ask your teacher what material the test will{#blank#}4{#/blank#}so that you can prepare more easily and be more confident in the test.

Be positive

IQ has {#blank#}5{#/blank#} the result of a test.

Don't lose your heart but prepare well for the other tests.

Main idea

Right attitude and preparations are useful to overcome your fear of tests.

阅读理解

The Long March 5 Y3 is China's strongest rocket.

    China's biggest and most powerful carrier (运载) rocket roared (轰鸣) into space on Dec 27, 2019. The Long March 5 kicked off its mission (任务) at the Wenchang Space Launch Center in Hainan.

    The 57-meter-tall rocket, known as the Long March 5 Y3, is the tallest, strongest and most technologically sophisticated (技术复杂的) rocket in China. Since it is much bigger than China's other Long March rockets, people call it "Fat 5". The rocket is able to carry spacecraft (航天器) weighing up to 25 tons – roughly the weight of 16 midsize cars – into low-Earth orbit (近地轨道), China Daily reported. This payload capacity (有效载荷) is about 2.5 times greater than that of any other Chinese rocket.

    During the December launch, the Long March 5 successfully sent the Shijian 20 experimental satellite into orbit. At more than 8 tons, it is the heaviest and most advanced communications (通信) satellite built by China.

    The launch also tested key technologies that will be used to take the Chang'e 5 probe (探测器) to the moon, according to the China National Space Administration.

    The success of the Long March 5 launch was hard-earned. The rocket's first launch was carried out in November 2016 at the Wenchang center. A second mission took place in July 2017 at the same site, but failed to send a satellite into orbit. According to project leaders, in the two years since that failure, the rocket's research team held more than 600 seminars (研讨会) and carried out at least 1,000 experiments and tests to improve the rocket.

    "Compared with the Long March 5 Y2 that was used in the failed second mission, the new one has about 200 technical improvements, including changes to the engine design," Li Dong, the rocket's chief designer (总设计师), said to China Daily.

    The future missions of the Long March 5 will include a trip to Mars, taking back moon samples (样本), and placing parts of a manned (载人的) space station into orbit. 

阅读短文,根据短文内容回答问题

    Canada is the second-largest country in the world, with almost 10 million square kilometres of landmass. Due to (由于) its size, it is divided into four different regions(地区).

    The Atlantic Provinces

    Fishing is the old industry in this region. Agricultural crops, such as fruit and potatoes, and forests, which produce paper and lumber(木材), form part of the industry. Traditionally depending on fishing and farming, they are developing other natural resources, such as oil and copper.

    Central Canada

    Ontario and Quebec form the industrial and manufacturing (制造业的) heart of Canada. They produce three quarters of Canada's goods. More than half of Canada's population lives in the cities in the southern part of Ontario and Quebec. Most of the people living in Quebec speak French.

    The West Coast

    The British Columbia Coast is Canada's western continental coastline (海 岸 线 ). Europeans settled (定 居 ) in British Columbia in the early 1800s. The railroad built by the government in the late 1800s made moving much easier. Thousands of Chinese came to British Columbia during this period to work on the railroad. British Columbia has the most valuable forest industry in Canada.

Salmon (鲑鱼) fishing is not only a popular sport, but also an important part of the industry. Pacific salmon are exported (出口) all over the world.

    The North

    The Yukon and the Northwest Territories (领土) cover a third of Canada. This huge region has a very small population. Most of the people are natives. There are several native languages, which are equal (平等的) in status (地位) to English and French. During the Gold Rush at the end of the 1800s, thousands of miners (矿工) came to make their fortune (财富). Mining is still an important industry in this region.

根据短文内容,完成下面的表格。每空一词。

Until the beginning of July, there has been no rain in northern Italy for over 100 days. Add to that the high temperatures, and the locals get very dry conditions. This is the most serious dry spell(干旱期)for that area in the past 70 years. Because of this situation, the country's longest river, the Po, is drying up!

This is bad news for several different reasons. The fresh water of the Po provides drinking water for northern Italy. Besides, farmers in this area need the water of the Po to keep their crops growing. What's more, the flowing river water is used to create about half of the hydroelectric power(水力发电)for Italy. Its drying up means that more natural gas(天然气) will be used, which is bad for the environment.

There have been some interesting discoveries from this lack of rain, however. Between Florence and Milan, a long ship sunk (沉没)in 1943 appeared because of the low water levels of the river. Now many tourists and locals come to see this ship. A German tank has also appeared out of water near Mantua. At other places along the river, people can even walk on the sandy river bed. Although this may be interesting, people in Italy and around the world are hoping for the return of rain to refill the Po!

The longest river in Italy is drying up!

The {#blank#}1{#/blank#}

·Rain hasn't {#blank#}2{#/blank#} in northern Italy for a long time.

·The temperatures are higher than usual.

Bad influences

·People have less drinking water from the Po.

·A lack of rain makes it {#blank#}3{#/blank#}for crops to grow.

·People will {#blank#}4{#/blank#}more natural gas, which is bad for the environment.

Interesting

discoveries

·A long ship sunk in 1943 and a tank from {#blank#}5{#/blank#} appeared.

· People are even able to walk on the sandy river bed.

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