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题型:阅读选择 题类:常考题 难易度:普通

   Do you know why you sleep? You may think it's because you're tired. Or perhaps you've been told sleep is good for you. Yet no one knows exactly why or how people sleep.
   Until the early 1950s, most scientists thought the body and brain rested during sleep. Then a scientist watched people sleep. He noticed that during periods of between 5 and 30 minutes each, sleepers' eyes made rapid movements, as if they were watching something. He called these periods REM sleep, for Rapid Eye Movement. Periods when sleepers' eyes did not move he called non-REM sleep.
   Whenever the scientist woke people during REM sleep, they were having vivid dreams. Measurements showed that sleepers' pulses(脉搏)went up quickly during REM sleep. Their breathing, heartbeat, and the blood going to the brain also increased. Far from being a time of rest, REM sleep is a time when the body is hard at work. Scientists still don't know the reason for this. Some believe REM sleep makes learning easier. Babies spend a lot of time in REM sleep. Because of this, some scientists believe that REM sleep helps the brain grow. Others think REM sleep is a time for the brain to empty the day's garbage.
   One thing all the scientists agree on is that sleep is necessary. Without enough sleep, people make mistakes. Most major car accidents happen during the early morning hours, when people are sleepiest.

(1)、During REM sleep, a person's breathing and heartbeat ________.

A、stop B、increase C、decrease D、stay the same
(2)、Which word in paragraph(段落)3 means “colorful and lively”?

A、easier. B、empty. C、vivid. D、quickly.
(3)、Which paragraph tells what happens when people don't get enough sleep?

A、1. B、2. C、3. D、4.
(4)、What is the main idea of the article?

A、REM sleep helps the brain grow. B、REM sleep has been watched and recorded by scientists. C、REM sleep is a time to empty the day's garbage. D、REM sleep is an active time when the body is hard at work.
(5)、You can decide from the article that REM sleep ________.

A、has a restful effect on people B、can be avoided with lots of sleep C、is something that all people experience D、is something that all scientists agree on
举一反三
阅读理解

    Have you ever seen a car without a driver? It sounds crazy, but these computer-driven driverless cars will soon be filling roads near you. Companies like Google and Tesla have been designing and testing these cars, and the technology is there.

    So how? The cars have sensors(感应器)all around which can find other cars and objects in the road. Road signs are read by cameras, and satellite navigation systems(卫星导航系统)are used so the car knows how to get where you want to go. All you have to do is type in the address! Finally, a central computer system takes in all the information that it receives from the sensors and cameras and works out when to speed up, stop and turn.

    Sound like your idea of heaven(天堂)? Sitting back, looking out of the windows and even watching a film or reading a book while ‘driving' would be possible with this new technology. You wouldn't have to worry about remembering directions to where you're going. In addition, computers would also drive more safely than people — they would obey the rules and have quicker action times when in dangerous situations.

However, there are many drawbacks of driverless cars. Computers would have difficulties making ethical(道德的)decisions: if a child ran into the road, would the computer choose to hit the child or turn suddenly and potentially kill the car's passengers? Moreover, I personally find driving fun –I'd miss never driving a car myself. There would also be many other decisions to be made –should children, or drunk people, be allowed in a driverless car by themselves? Or would there need to be a person with a driving license in the car at all times?

    I'm not certain I'd want a driverless car – but it's only a matter of time before they'll become more affordable and popular on our roads.

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