There are differences between western culture and Chinese culture. We can see differences when we pay attention...

题型：阅读选择题类：常考题难易度：普通

   There are differences between western culture and Chinese culture. We can see differences when we pay attention to the way words are used. Let's look at the words about animals and plants. Most expressions in Chinese is about the dog, for example, "a homeless dog", “a mad dog", "a running dog" and "a dog catching a mouse”, have negative(消极) meanings. But in western countries, dogs are thought to be honest and good friends of humans. In English, people use the dog to describe positive(积极的) actions. For example, “you are a lucky dog” means you are a lucky person. And “every dog has its day”means each person has good luck sometimes. To describe a person's serious illness, they say "sick as a dog". The word "dog—tired" means very tired. However, Chinese love cats very much. But in western culture, "cat" is often used to describe a woman who is cruel(冷酷的). There are many other examples of how "cat" is used differently as well.
   The rose is regarded as a symbol of love in both China and some western countries. People think the rose stands for love, peace, courage and friendship. And the rose is the national flower of England, America and many other countries.
   The words about plants and animals are used in positive or negative ways in different cultures. We can learn about many differences in cultures by comparing how some words are used.

（1）、 The word "dog" in Chinese usually ______.

A、stands for friendship B、has a negative meaning C、has a positive meaning

（2）、“Every dog has its day.” means “______”

A、Everybody in the world is lucky. B、Each person lives his own way of life. C、Everybody has a time in life to be lucky.

（3）、Western people usually use "cat" to refer to “______”.

A、a tired person B、a brave man C、an unkind woman

（4）、 Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A、Words show differences in cultures. B、Western people think cats to be good friends. C、Rose is the national flower of all western countries.

（5）、This passage mainly tells us ______.

A、negative or positive things B、 different countries have different cultures C、what dog and cat mean in English and Chinese

举一反三

    American and British people use different greetings. In the USA the commonest greeting is “Hi”. In Britain it is "Hello!" or "How are you?"“Hi!" is creeping（不知不觉地进入）into British, too. When they are introduced to someone, the Americans say, "Glad to know you. ” The British say, "How do you do?" or "Pleased to meet you. "When Americans say "Good-bye", they nearly always add, "Have a good day. " or “Have a good trip. " etc. to friends and strangers alike. Britons are already beginning to use “Have a good day. ”
    The British usually use "got" in the sense of “have”. The Americans hardly ever do. AmE: Do you have a car, room, etc. ? Yes, I do. BrE: Have you got a car, room, etc. ? Yes, I have.
    There are a number of differences between American and British English in the spelling of words, e. g. check（US）/cheque（UK）. Many American words ending in “or”, e. g. honor, labor are spelt in British English with an “our,” e. g. honour, labour. Many verbs in American English with “ize” or “izing” forms, e. g. organize, realizing are spelt in BrE with “ise” or “ising”, e. g. organise, realising. In American English, “practice” is used both for the verb and noun. In BrE, the verb is spelt “practise”, and the noun “practice. ” In AmE, one writes “traveler,” while in BrE, one writes “traveller”.
    It was once predicted that British and American English would become separate (各自的)languages finally. But the opposite has happened. The links（联系）between the two countries are so strong that linguistically（语言上）,and probably culturally（文化上）too, they are closer together than ever before.
    AmE—— American English   BrE——British English

In the United States, every year, Thanks-giving Day is on the fourth Thursday in November. Because Canada is on the north of the United States, and is colder, the harvest comes earlier(更早) in the year. In Canada, people have Thanksgiving Day on the second Monday in October.
The harvest brings a lot of food to the people. On Thanksgiving Day people in Canada and America like to have a big meal with their friends and family just like Chinese people do at Mid-autumn festival. Many Canadians and Americans put flowers, vegetables and fruits around their homes to say “Thank you” for the harvest. At a Thanksgiving Day dinner, many Canadians and Americans will eat turkey, potatoes, and pumpkin pie. These are food like the food of many years ago. They are saying “Thank you” for the harvest that comes every year.

根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。

“No man is an island” is a well-known line from John Donne's Devotion， written more than three hundred years ago. Even now people still agree with him. No one can live a completely isolated life. Without other people， life became empty and sad. We all need friends.

For some of us， though making friends is not difficult， feeling shy， we may not want to make the first move. It is also difficult at times to keep the friends we already have.

There are many books about friendship， but Dale Carnegie's How to Win Friends and Influence (影响) People， written in 1936， is the most famous. This “how to” book about getting along with other people became a best-seller. It was later put into 28 languages.

Dale Carnegie's advice (劝告) seems to be simple， but can his advice help you? Do you need to change the way you act? Here is the list of advice from his book.

1)Be friendly and polite.

Always greet with a smile. Begin with “excuse me” or “would you please”， when you want to ask somebody. Remember to say “thank you” and try to be as helpful as you can.

2)Go out of your way to be nice.

Find some time to do special things for other people. Making some soup for a sick neighbour may seem like a little thing to you， but it will make your neighbour feel a lot better.

3)Remember names.

They say that the sweetest music to a person's ears is the sound of his or her own name.

4)Be open-minded.

Try to understand other people's ways and ideas and learn something from them.

5)Listen patiently.

When someone is talking to you， look at him or her， listen carefully and say something when necessary.

根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。

Most American families are smaller than the families in other countries. Most American families have one or two parents and one or two children each.

Children in the US will leave their parents' home when they grow up. They usually live far from their parents because they want to find good jobs. They often write to their parents or telephone them. And they often go to visit their parents on holiday. Parents usually let their children choose their own jobs. Americans think it important for young people to decide on their lives by themselves.

Children are asked to do some work around their house. And in many families, children are paid（支付） for doing some housework so that they learn how to make money for their own use.

阅读理解

International Poetry Competition

World Poetry Day is celebrated on 21 March. Its purpose is to improve people's ability to read, write, and teach poems all over the world.

This year, the International Poetry Centre is holding a poetry competition to celebrate the festival! The competition is open to all the poets(诗人)aged 18 and over from all over the world, and they will be divided into two groups:

Open Group (open to all the poets aged 18 and over)

ESL Group (open to all the poets aged 18 and over who can write in English as a Second Language)

The winners of each group will receive￡1000.

RULES:

All the poems must be unpublished (未出版的) works.

Poems will not be returned, so please keep a copy.

The poem(s) must be in English and created by the poet himself/herself.

Poems can be written on any proper subject. No subject on violence(暴力) or drugs.

The competition begins on 3 March, 2017 and ends on 28 August, 2017.

To enter the competition, please visit the Centre Shop to pay ￡5 for each poem. Once the payment is made, please email the poem(s) to poetrycomp@center.uk. Remember to mark Open or ESL in the top right-hand corner of the document(文档) to show which group to enter before emailing your poem(s).

Questions about the competition can be emailed to poetrycomp@center.uk.

阅读理解

I come from Cambridge, a beautiful city in the cast of England. It is on the River Cam and has a population of about 120, 000. My home town is especially famous for its university. Many famous people studied here, such as Isaac Newton and Charles Darwin. There are lots of old buildings and churches to visit. Students and tourists enjoy trips along the river by boat.

Cambridge is 80 kilometers from London. London is in the south of England and it is on the River Thames. It has a population of about; seven and a half million, so it is bigger and busier than Cambridge. It is about 2, 000 years old, and it is famous for Big Ben, Buckingham Palace and Tower Bridge.

England itself is part of an island, and you are always near the sea. The small villages and beaches on the coast are popular for holidays. Tourists like the areas of low mountains and beautiful lakes in the north, and the hills and pretty villages in the south. Everywhere in England, you will notice how green the countryside is.

It is never very hot in summer or very cold in winter. So come and see England any time of the year, but bring an umbrella with you. It rains a lot all year round. You will need it most days.

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