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题型:阅读选择 题类:常考题 难易度:普通

   There are differences between western culture and Chinese culture. We can see differences when we pay attention to the way words are used. Let's look at the words about animals and plants. Most expressions in Chinese is about the dog, for example, "a homeless dog", “a mad dog", "a running dog" and "a dog catching a mouse”, have negative(消极) meanings. But in western countries, dogs are thought to be honest and good friends of humans. In English, people use the dog to describe positive(积极的) actions. For example, “you are a lucky dog” means you are a lucky person. And “every dog has its day”means each person has good luck sometimes. To describe a person's serious illness, they say "sick as a dog". The word "dog—tired" means very tired. However, Chinese love cats very much. But in western culture, "cat" is often used to describe a woman who is cruel(冷酷的). There are many other examples of how "cat" is used differently as well.
   The rose is regarded as a symbol of love in both China and some western countries. People think the rose stands for love, peace, courage and friendship. And the rose is the national flower of England, America and many other countries.
   The words about plants and animals are used in positive or negative ways in different cultures. We can learn about many differences in cultures by comparing how some words are used.

(1)、 The word "dog" in Chinese usually ______. 

A、stands for friendship  B、has a negative meaning C、has a positive meaning
(2)、“Every dog has its day.” means “______” 

A、Everybody in the world is lucky. B、Each person lives his own way of life. C、Everybody has a time in life to be lucky.
(3)、Western people usually use "cat" to refer to “______”. 

A、a tired person B、a brave man C、an unkind woman
(4)、 Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? 

A、Words show differences in cultures.  B、Western people think cats to be good friends. C、Rose is the national flower of all western countries.
(5)、This passage mainly tells us ______. 

A、negative or positive things  B、 different countries have different cultures C、what dog and cat mean in English and Chinese
举一反三
    The number of rural(乡村的) left-behind children under 17 years old has increased to 61.02 million, according to a report. These children's parents leave them with their grandparents or other family members in order to make money in cities.
    Sichuan Province and Henan Province have the highest percentage of rural left-behind children. Together with Anhui Province, Guangdong Province and Hunan Province, these five provinces have 43.64% of the country's rural left-behind children, the report says.
    The report finds that left-behind children are mainly in the central and western provinces. But the developed eastern areas also face similar problems, the report says. Guangdong Province has the most left-behind children, with 4.34 million, followed by Zhejiang Province, Jiangsu Province, Shanghai and Beijing.
  “What I'm worried about most is the schooling of my child, as I have no time to help her with her homework.” Said An Baiyou, a truck driver from Shangdong Province, who has been leaving his 10-year-old daughter with his parents while driving trucks in other provinces. “However, to make money or to take care of the child, you can only choose one side.”
    Wang Zhenyao, the president of Beijing Normal University Institue of Public Welfare, says that if the left-behind children problem can't be solved, it will affect the nation's future.
    Compared with those who live with their parents, left-behind children need more care and protection. The country should think about ways to attract the rural workers in cities to return and work in their hometown to improve the development of these places.”
    In addition, it is important to set up laws to protect the basic rights of young people, especially those with illnesses or only one parent.
These children are the future of the nation. People should offer them their love, care and protection.

阅读理解

    Every year in early April, thousands of people in China visit the tombs(墓) of their parents, grandparents and ancestors. It is Tomb Sweeping Day, the traditional Chinese festival to remember the dead.

    Tomb Sweeping Day falls on April 4 this year. On the day, Chinese families will clean away the grass around the tombs. Then they burn paper money and put flowers and fruit in front of the tombs. They hope the dead can enjoy them and bring the family good luck.

    However, it is not only the Chinese who remember the dead, people in other countries also have festivals for the dead.

    In Japan, O-Bon festival is one of the most important festivals. It is held from Aug.13 to 16. It is also a holiday for a family reunion(团圆). During O-bon, Japanese people return to their hometown and visit their ancestors' tombs. They also believe their ancestors' spirits return home to be with their family. People danced a dance to welcome the spirits. On the last day of O-bon, they put paper lanterns in a river to say goodbye to the spirits.

    In Russia, people remember their ancestors on the Day of Rejoicing(欣喜).  It's usually in late April or early May. The name of this festival means birth and happiness. Russians believe that people shouldn't feel sad for the dead because death means birth in another world. On the day, Russian people draw beautiful pictures on eggs and put them in front of tombs. After that they have a picnic together. They hope for a good life for both the living and the dead.

阅读理解

    Libraries give kids a quiet and safe place to read and learn. For over 100 years, libraries have played an important role in Americans' education. But how are these book-filled buildings changing with the times? You may be surprised to find out.

    Benjamin Franklin famously founded America's first lending library in 1731. But the public library system got its biggest development in the American history in the late 1800's. Businessman Andrew Carnegie donated millions of dollars to help build free public libraries across the country. Between 1886 and 1919, Carnegie's donations helped build 1,679 new libraries.

    Carnegie believed that libraries could offer the chances to Americans, young and old. He knew that the more libraries there were, the more people would have opportunities to read and use books, speeches and news.

    If you can easily find a public library in your community, you'll get more chances. After all, the United States has 9,225 public libraries. Today, libraries keep growing. Seven tenths of the libraries have free Internet. It provides much more information and opportunities to ask for jobs online.

    Libraries are also teaching kids about the fun of reading. The new program Read! Build! Play! Adds reading into playtime. As kids listen to a book that is being read aloud, they use Legos (乐高积木) to build images(图像)from the story happily. Today's libraries are always looking for creative programs to bring people into the library.

    Benjamin Franklin once said, “The doors of wisdom are never shut.” As long as the doors of public libraries are open, what he said is most certainly correct!

阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出能正确回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案。

    Table manners are how to behave when you eat a meal. They include how to handle knives, forks and spoons and how to eat in polite manners. To behave well abroad, you are to know some table manners.

    Eating manners

    Japan: It is "perfectly" okay to slurp when you eat noodles. Unlike making big noises, slurping slightly is not rude. Japanese also say it tastes better if you slurp.

    Russia: Your wrists should be placed on the edge of the table while eating, a fork in the left hand, and a knife in the right hand. It is not good manners to rest them on your lap. Keep your elbows of the table. Leave some food on your plate to show that the host has given you enough to eat.

    France: Never discuss money or religion over dinner. What is different from the manners in Russia is that finishing everything on your plate is considered good manners.

    Mexico: Whenever you catch the eye of someone who's eating, even a stranger, its good manners to say "provecho" which means enjoy. In Mexico, dining is more than a meal. It's a social occasion-lunches are seldom quick and suppers can last for hours. Where you sit matters in the country. Before you get seated, look for place cards, or wait until the host seats you. And you must say"enjoy your meal"before you leave the table.

    Drinking manners

    America: If you empty a bottle into someone's glass, it obliges that person to buy the next bottle. It's polite to put the last drops into your own glass.

    Australia: In a pub it's usual to buy a round of drinks for everyone in your group. When it's your turn, say "It's my round. "When it's their round, they will buy it for you. Don't leave before you' ve bought a round.

    Japan: Don't fill your own glass of alcohol. Instead, you should pour for others and wait for them to do it for you.

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