Hundreds of years ago, Charles Darwin predicted that facial expressions of emotion are {#blank#}1{#/blank#}. If you've ever seen an episode of the popular US TV drama Lie To Me, you will really understand facial expressions. The leading actor of the show, Dr. Cal Lightman has spent 20 years studying nonverbal communication and facial expressions, which allows him to point out other people's studying nonverbal communication and facial expressions which allows him to point out other people's {#blank#}2{#/blank#} and on many occasions, to be skilled at tricking in order to get the truth.

    Is there really much truth behind this science of {#blank#}3{#/blank#} human emotions through expressions? Paul Ekman, a(n) {#blank#}4{#/blank#} psychologist whose work focuses on mapping facial expressions, is Lie To Me's scientific advisor and the following are some of his explanations.

    Hand-to-face gesture indicates a lie.

    Each micro-expression is unique to {#blank#}5{#/blank#} specific emotions because the person is often unaware of doing it. But it doesn't necessarily mean that they are lying when someone uses a hand to hide part of his face. The person could be holding back information but you may better consider looking at other more important clues rather than just the simple hand-to-face gesture.

    A liar refuses eye contact.

    People look away when they are thinking carefully and considering each word before it is spoken, not just when they are {#blank#}6{#/blank#} an excuse. Oblique eyebrows are a very reliable {#blank#}7{#/blank#} of sadness and few people can make this {#blank#}8{#/blank#} expression, so it is actually never faked.

    Guilty knowledge technique is {#blank#}9{#/blank#}.

    Lightman often uses the guilty knowledge technique, mentioning something that only the guilty person will know about and show a(n) {#blank#}10{#/blank#}. This is often used in polygraph exams: "Was the person strangled, shot or stabbed to death?" Only the killer knows and is likely to respond physiologically when the actual weapon is mentioned.

New York and New Tax

According to a Manhattan Institute survey, more than half of high-earning New Yorkers are working entirely from home and 44% are considering leaving the city. Ned Lamont, Connecticut's governor, has said "the old idea of the commuter(通勤者) going into New York City five days a week may be outdated." It does seem {#blank#}1{#/blank#} that the tens of thousands commuting from Mr. Lamont's state will continue to do so. The region's governors have {#blank#}2{#/blank#}well together to deal with the pandemic(流行病), but the friendliness may soon end over taxes.

When people from {#blank#}3{#/blank#}states like New Jersey and Connecticut commute to New York to work for a New York-based employer, they must pay New York tax on the related earned income. Even those who work from home must pay New York taxes unless the employee is working outside New York by {#blank#}4{#/blank#}.

Taxpayers and those states are looking closely at this loophole(漏洞). In December, Connecticut and New Jersey applied to the Supreme Court to consider a case which {#blank#}5{#/blank#}a state's authority to tax non-residents' income while they are working remotely. They think this is definitely a(n) {#blank#}6{#/blank#} to the city's finances. "Firms have considered leaving the city before, and employees are gradually accepting the idea. They have been working remotely for almost ten months and they've {#blank#}7{#/blank#}to that idea."

Companies are also watching the progression of the billionaire Mark to Market Tax Act, which would treat capital {#blank#}8{#/blank#}from billionaires' property as taxable income. New York's Democratic governor said he would reject any laws {#blank#}9{#/blank#}heavy taxes on the rich, because it would drive out wealthy, mobile residents. It would not take too many moving trucks for the city to feel the economic loss, says Michael Hendrix. A 5% {#blank#}10{#/blank#}of New Yorkers making about $10,000 would result in an annual loss of $933m—roughly the amount distributed to the city's health department.