试题

试题 试卷

logo

题型:阅读选择 题类:常考题 难易度:普通

广东省深圳市宝安区2018-2019学年八年级上学期英语期末考试试卷

阅读理解

    The years from A.D 500 to 1450 are called the Middle ages. Sometimes they are also called the Dark Ages since few people had an education during that time. Still, there were lots of new ideas and inventions. Many of them came from China.

Paper Money

    In 1023. the first government—printed (政府印制的) paper money was printed in China. Before that, paper money had been printed just by companies. Marco polo was an Italian explorer who went to China. He wrote about paper Money. Paper money did not become popular in Europe Until Sweden began printing it in 1601.

Movable type printing machine

    Bi Sheng Made the first movable type printing machine in China in the 1000s. Before this, people had to make copies of books by writing out the whole book by hand.

Magnetic(磁的)compass

    A compass is usually used to tell you what direction you are going. The Magnetic compass was first used by the Chinese around A.D 200. But at that time, people mainly used it for telling what would happen to them in the future. They began using it for sailing around the year 1000.

(1)、Why are the Middle ages called the dark Ages according to paragraph 1?
A、Because few people had an education then. B、Because there were a lot of new inventions. C、Because all the inventions came from China. D、Because there were almost not any new inventions.
(2)、Where did the first government—printed paper money appear according to the passage?
A、In China. B、In Italy. C、In Sweden. D、We don't know.
(3)、According to the passage. who invented the first movable type printing machine in China?
A、Marco Polo. B、A person from Sweden. C、Bi Sheng. D、An Italian explorer
(4)、When did people begin to use compass for sailing according to the passage?
A、Around A D 200. B、In the 1000s. C、Around the year 1000. D、1000 years ago.
举一反三
阅读下列短文,从下面每小题的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

You've heard of 3D printing from newspaper and TV programs.It can “print”in plastic,metal,nylon,and over a hundred other materials.3D printing technology has been around since the 1980s,it was not widely used until the early 2010s.The first working 3D printer was created in 1984 by Chuck Hull.

3D printers use many different types of technologies,but they all share one thing in common:they create a three—dimensional(维度的)object by building it layer(层),by continuing layer, until the whole object is completed.Imagine a baker(面包师)lay down each layer one at a time until the whole cake is formed.3D printing is somewhat similar, but just a bit stricter.How can 3D printers work so well? The most important thing a program,a 3D printer also needs to have instructions for what to print from a computer.It needs a file as well.The file which is a Computer Aided Design (CAD)paper is created with the use of a 3D modeling program.The program creates a paper that is sent to the 3D printer. Along the way,software pieces the design into hundreds,or more likely thousands of layers.The 3D printer builds up one layer at a time,from the bottom to the top,until the object is done.

    3D printings can be used for making many kinds of things such as machine parts, daily life objects,even human organs(器官)using a person's own cells.

Nowadays, Marc.Dillon founds a project which deals with many world famous paintings like Leonardo da Vinci's Mona Lisa, Van Gogh's Sunflower with 3D technology.This project helps the blind people enjoy the fantastic art through touching.In order to provide a good user experience,these 3D paintings have special instruments which can tell people what they touch.

阅读理解

    Art, as we know, is subjective. What one person considers a priceless masterpiece others might see as nothing more than a giant black square. But there's one very specific kind of painting that almost everyone sees the same way-the kind with the" "strange" eyes that seem to follow you around the room. So what causes this optical illusion (视觉错觉) and how do artists achieve this effect?

    It turns out, for even a moderately skilled artist, this effect isn't a difficult thing to achieve, In fact, the artists need to use a little illusion of depth, making the person depicted on the canvas appears somewhat 3D on a 2D canvas, and to adjust .the gaze (凝视) of the eyes so that they would be looking at someone standing right in front of the picture.

    So what exactly is going on here in our brains that then makes it seem like the eyes follow you even if you move away from being front and center? As demonstrated by a team of researchers from Ohio State University, as you move to the side, the "near? and "far" points of the 2D image don't really change. These near and far points are defined as visible points that, if the image was 3D, would appear nearest and furthest away from the viewer at a given angle.

    The idea is simple. No matter what angle you look at a paining from, the painting itself doesn't change. You're looking at a flat surface. The key is that the near points and far points of the picture remained the same no matter the angle the picture was viewed from. When observing real surfaces in the natural environment the near and far points vary when we change viewing direction. When we observe a picture on the wall, the visual information that defines near and far points is unaffected by viewing direction. Still, we willingly accept and interpret the thing in the painting as if it were a real object.

    Thus, because the perspective, shadows, and light on the painting don't change as you move around, if the eyes in the painting would be staring directly at the observer who is standing in front of the painting, it creates something of an optical illusion in your brain so that the eyes will continue to seem to stare at you as you move to the side.

    In contrast to the eyes following you trick, if the artist tweaks the painting a bit, for example the artist adjusts the gaze of the eyes so that the eyes are looking off somewhere else instead of directly looking at a potential observer, no matter where you stand, the eyes will never seem to be looking at you.

    The technique first began popularly showing up in art around the 14th century when the artist and architect Fillipo Brunelleshi introduced the art world to the idea of "linear perspective", being painting with the idea of everything in the picture converging (聚集) on a specific point on the horizon, creating the illusion of depth. Linear perspective, combined with skilled use of light and shadow, allows artists to create masterfully realistic paintings, including sometimes of people that stare at you creepily no matter where you stand.

返回首页

试题篮