题型：阅读选择 题类：真题 难易度：困难
北京市2019年中考英语试卷
How Much Can We Afford to Forget?
In 2018, Science magazine asked some young scientists what schools should teach students. Most said students should spend less time memorizing facts and have more space for creative activities. As the Internet grows more powerful, students can access (获得) knowledge easily. Why should they be required to carry so much of it around in their heads?
Civilizations (文明) develop through forgetting life skills that were once necessary. In the Agricultural (农业的) Age, a farmer could afford to forget hunting skills. When societies industrialized, the knowledge of farming could be safe to forget. Nowadays, smart machines give us access to most human knowledge. It seems that we no longer need to remember most things. Does it matter?
Researchers have recognized several problems that may happen. For one, human beings have biases (偏见), and smart machines are likely to increase our biases. Many people believe smart machines are necessarily correct and objective, but machines are trained through a repeated testing and scoring process. In the process, human beings still decide on the correct answers.
Another problem relates to the ease of accessing information. When there were no computers, efforts were required to get knowledge from other people, or go to the library. We know what knowledge lies in other brains or books, and what lies in our heads. But today, the Internet gives us the information we need quickly. This can lead to the mistaken belief—the knowledge we found was part of what we knew all along.
In a new civilization rich in machine intelligence, we have easy access to smart memory networks where information is stored. But dependency on a network suggests possibilities of being harmed easily. The collapse of any of the networks of relations our well-being (健康) depends upon, such as food and energy, would produce terrible results. Without food we get hungry; without energy we feel cold. And it is through widespread loss of memory that civilizations are at risk of falling into a dark age.
We forget old ways to free up time and space for new skills. As long as the older forms of knowledge are stored somewhere in our networks, and can be found when we need them, perhaps they're not really forgotten. Still, as time goes on, we gradually but unquestionably become strangers to future people.
comfortable, exercise, clean, problem, body, busy, dance, quick, strong, healthy |
Today, we are living a rapid(快速的) life. We always try to get things done {#blank#}1{#/blank#}. On weekdays, we are {#blank#}2{#/blank#} studying or working. One of the {#blank#}3{#/blank#} is that we don't have enough exercise. If we exercise for one hour a day, we will work {#blank#}4{#/blank#} for50 years and live a happy life.
Scientists have found that people who often exercise are healthier than those who don't, whether they do it indoors or outdoors. According to a report, students can learn better and feel {#blank#}5{#/blank#} when they have more time to play sports at school. Many young women enjoy doing yoga or {#blank#}6{#/blank#} to relax and stay beautiful. In some housewives'opinion, doing housework is a good way to burn calories(卡 路 里). It can keep them moving when getting their house {#blank#}7{#/blank#}. In order to be {#blank#}8{#/blank#} and full of energy, some men like running, riding bicycles or playing ball games. You will be healthy both in the {#blank#}9{#/blank#} and mind by doing exercise. This weekend, don't make any plans. Just get up early and start {#blank#}10{#/blank#} .
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