Mrs. Hammond was old and blind, but she was determined to do everything for herself. She even used to go for walks by herself once a day for 1, and found her way by 2 things with her white stick. She learned where everything was, so she never lost her way.

    One day, some men came and cut down some of the familiar trees at the side of one of the paths which she 3. When she reached that place that evening, she did not 4 the trees with her stick, so she was in 5.

    She 6 for a while and listened, but did not 7 any other people, so she went for a kilometer or two, and then she heard  8 beneath her. “Am I 9? I suppose so,” she said, “I must be on a 10, and there must be a river under me. I've been told that there's a river in this part of the country, but I don't know its exact 11. How am I going to get 12 to my house from her e?”

   All at once she heard a man's friendly 13 near her. “Excuse me, can I help you?”“How kind of you!” Mrs. Hammond answered. "Yes, please. Some of the trees which I follow have been  14 today, and if I hadn't been 15 enough to meet you, I don't know 16 I'd have done. Can you please 17 me to get home?”

 “ Certainly,” the man answered. “Where do you live?”

    Mrs. Hammond told him, and the man took her to her house . She told the man how pleased she was that she had met him. But the man said. “I want to 18 you.”

    Mrs. Hammond asked, “Whatever for?”

   “Well,” the man said quietly, “I was balanced (悬在) on the edge of that bridge for ages in the 19, because I was trying to make up my mind to 20 myself into the river and drown myself. But I'm not going to do it now.”

    As has been all too apparent in recent days at Balcombe, few issues cause greater concern than energy policy. Many village communities feel their countryside is being ruined by the power-producing machines of wind farms; yet they never take “ direct action”, even though the planning laws put them at a severe disadvantage. And the generous subsidies(财政补贴),which encourage the expansion of wind power, are not favorable to the village communities and set landowners in conflict with other residents.

    Those who disagree with the rapid expansion of wind farms state that the damage they cause is out of proportion to the benefits they bring, because their energy output cannot match that of the carbon-based power stations they are supposed to replace. Supporters insist that wind must be part of a mix of renewables, nuclear and carbon, and that the country is committed to meeting EU(European Union) targets for non-carbon energy generation.

    Against this background, the fact that there is an argument within the Government over whether to publish an official report on wind farms impact on the countryside becomes even more extraordinary. The two parties in the coalition government are in disagreement over what it should say.

    We have some advice for the two parties :publish the report ,and let the country be the judge. Even if it contains evidence that wind farms are harmful, it will hardly be a pleasant surprise to people who do not like them. Equally, supporters must argue their case by acknowledging the concerns and explaining why they are either misplaced or worthy of much attention.

    The suggestion that further negotiations are to take place to produce an “acceptable” report suggests that the politics of coalition government are doing the country harm in a certain way. Given the sensitivities involved ,all the information should be available so that people can reach their own conclusions, rather than being left with the suspicion that facts are being replaced by political beliefs.

根据短文内容，选择最佳答案，并将选定答案的字母标号填在题前括号内。

    I had just moved to San Antonio, Texas. I worked for the tour bus service taking tourists on a short tour of the city's historic places and would end up at the Alamo.

    I was driving back from my last tour on a cool February day on my way back from the San Femando Catholic church with no one on my bus when I saw a man dressed in rags, thinking this person must be an actor or something walking around. I stopped and asked him, “Need a ride?” Without saying anything he just walked on broad and sat down in seat behind me.

    “Where are you heading?” I asked him. He looked up into the mirror at me and replied. “I've got to get to the fort(要塞)and report to Colonel(上校)Travis that the Mexicans are here!” I laughed to myself thinking that this man was a serious actor.

    “I'm guessing you mean the Alamo?” I said back to him. I looked up and saw he wasn't smiling nor laughing. All throughout the ride he was staring in amazement at all the towering skyscrapers and the buildings along the street.

    “I remember when this town was nothing more than a little trading village!” He finally said to me.

    “So what's your name?” I asked him.

    “Daniel Cloud, yours?”

    “David Zime.” I replied as I turned the corner of the street and laid eyes upon the Alamo.

    I pulled up to the sidewalk and opened the door. Cloud got out of his seat and came up to me.

    “Thanks for the ride.” He said extending his hand. I took his palm and it was freezing cold like he just stepped out of the freezer.

    “Not a problem, Mr. Cloud, and don't worry about the fee. It's on the house.” He nodded his head in gratitude like all us Texans do and walked away.

    It wasn't until then that I noticed that he was soaked(浸；泡)to the bone in dripping water and we had not a single drop of rain in a month or more. I just shook my head and closed the door behind him. When I turned around. Discovered amazingly how fast Cloud had gone away!

    A few days later I was reading a book about the Battle of the Alamo when I discovered the most shocking thing I had ever discovered. The names of the 183 defenders of the Alamo were listed on the roll of honor, including Daniel Cloud, who spotted the Mexicans before they took over the streets of San Antonio in February of 1836, and his post was on top of the San Femando Church where I had picked him up!

根据短文内容，选择最佳答案，并将选定答案的字母标号填在题前括号内。

    Nowadays, a new method is used to decide who are the top students in school. The best students are those who not only get high marks, but also follow the rules and the behavior standards for middle school students. Here are some of the new rules and standards.

    Tell the truth. Have you ever copied someone else's work in an exam? If you have, then don't do it again! That's not something an honest student should do. If you have played computer games for two hours in your room, don't tell your parents you were doing your homework.

    Learn to be loving and caring. Good students love animals and care about other people.

    Learn to work together with others. It would be more fun when more people work together. Did you quarrel(争吵) with your teammates when your basketball team lost? Only working together can make your team stronger. Be friendly to the people you are with. Try to think of others, instead of only yourself.

    Be open to new ideas. Have you ever thought that people could live on the moon? Perhaps you'll discover Earth II some day. Don't look down upon new ideas. Everyone's ideas are important. You should welcome them, because new ideas make life better for everyone.

    Use the Internet carefully. The Internet can be very useful for your study. Some websites on the Internet are not for kids, so make sure to visit the web pages that are good for you. You can use the web for fun or homework. Can't you find any good websites for children?

    Many non-edible (不能吃的), poisonous or otherwise not pleasant-tasting butterflies have distinct colors and pat terns. As a result, other more palatable (可口的)butterflies have evolved to mimic (模仿)those patterns to avoid being consumed by predators. There are several types of mimicry in butterflies: Bayesian mimicry, Müllerian mimicry, wasp (黄蜂)mimicry and tiger complex mimicry. Birds will con­sume unpalatable butterflies and associate their colors and patterns with the negative experience, thus avoiding the but­terflies performing mimicry. It is possible that birds even communicate their experience with other birds.

    Bayesian mimicry was established by the naturalist Hen­ry Walter Bates in 1862. He first observed that mimicry involved a palatable butterfly resembling an unpalatable, often toxic (有毒的)，butterfly. This mimicry will only work when the toxic model species outnumbers the non-toxic spe­cies. He believed that mimicry was the result of edible but­terflies producing mutations (突变)making them resemble their inedible cousins. This in turn resulted in the increased survival of the butterflies containing the mutation and resul­ted in the similarities between species. In 1879 another naturalist, Johann Friedrich Theodor Müller, observed that in some cases of mimicry both the mimic and the model are un­palatable. He considered this to be a cooperative mimicry and believed the species evolved side by side in a mutually benefi­cial relationship. If a bird tried to eat a member of either spe­cies, it would then avoid both. Wasp mimicry is similar to Bayesian mimicry, but instead of mimicking another unpalata­ble butterfly species, the mimic resembles a wasp to avoid predators.

    The tiger complex is a group of around 200 species of Neotropical butterflies that are involved in the most well-known form of mimicry. It is named such because the patterns of all of the included species are black on a background of either orange or yellow, resembling a tiger. In the com­plex are many unpalatable species, a few toxic species and a large number of completely edible species. Members of the tiger complex are all known for congregating (集合)in large groups that would normally be easy food for birds. Fortunately, birds have no interest in them due to their mimicry.

    Recently, as the British doctor Robert Winston took a train from London to Manchester, he found himself becoming steadily angry. A woman had picked up her phone and begun a loud conversation, which would last an unbelievable hour. Furious, Winston began to tweet about the woman. He took her picture and sent it to his more than 40,000 followers.

    When the train arrived at its destination, Winston rushed out. He'd had enough of the woman's rudeness. But the press were now waiting for her on the platform. And when they showed her Winston's messages, she used just one word to describe Winston's actions: rude.

    Winston's tale is something of a microcosm(缩影) of our age of increasing rudeness, fueled by social media. What can we do to fix this?

    Studies have shown that rudeness spreads quickly, almost like the common cold. Just witnessing rudeness makes it far more likely that we, in turn, will be rude later on. The only way to avoid it is to deal with it face to face. We must say, "Just stop." For Winston, that would have meant approaching the woman, telling her that her conversation was frustrating other passengers and politely asking her to speak more quietly or make the call at another time.

    The rage and injustice we feel at the rude behavior of a stranger can drive us to do odd things. In my own research, surveying 2,000 adults, I discovered that the acts of revenge people had taken ranged from the ridiculous to the disturbing. Winston did shine a spotlight on the woman's behavior — but from afar, in a way that shamed her.

    We must instead combat rudeness head on. When we see it occur in a store, we must step up and say something. If it happens to a colleague, we must point it out. We must defend strangers in the same way we'd defend our best friends. But we can do it with grace, by handling it without a trace of aggression and without being rude ourselves. Because once rude people can see their actions through the eyes of others, they are far more likely to end that strain themselves. As this tide of rudeness rises, civilization needs civility.