题型：阅读选择 题类：常考题 难易度：普通
浙江省宁波市北仑区2019-2020学年八年级上学期英语期末考试试卷（含听力音频）
As we know, all living things have to eat food. For a man, a tiger, a fish, a bird, or even a worm, food is needed. We know all living things are sure to die without food. In every part of the world, different kinds of animals share living places and live in communities (群落) together. They are connected(联系) in a food chain.
In a food chain, some living things are producers and some are consumers. Plants are producers because they use sunlight, soil and other things to make their own food. Animals are consumers because they have to eat other animals or plants.
There are four different kinds of consumers in the animal world. A carnivore is an animal that only eats other animals. An herbivore is an animal that only eats plants. An omnivore is an animal that eats plants and animals. A scavenger is an animal that eats dead animal.
Here is a picture of a food chain. The food chain shows how animal eat each other in a community. In the picture, you can see what animal or plant is food for another animal. See? The grass is food for a rabbit(兔子), which then becomes food for a hungry tiger. In this way, all of these animals are connected.
A. There he studied educational philosophy under the guidance of John Dewey, an American philosopher and educational reformer (改革家). B. Even during the anti-Japanese war, Tao never forgot his dream. C. To solve the problem, Tao organized young workers and farmers to study while working. D. They are tasked with the mission to spread knowledge ideas and truth. E. On the voyage of life, he lit the light of hope for everyone. F. Apart from reforming(改革） education methods, Tao also tried his best to promote the education for ordinary people. |
Teachers are often considered to be engineers of the human soul. {#blank#}1{#/blank#} But there's one person in China who is called the "teacher of teachers".
He is Chinese educator Tao Xingzhi. Last year marked the 130 anniversary of his birth. People in different parts of China memorize Tao by visiting his memorial halls or holding meetings to think back on his thoughts on education.
Born in Anhui province, China, 1891, Tao studied at Columbia University, the US, in 1914. {#blank#}2{#/blank#} .But when Tao returned to China in 1917 and began his own career as an educator, he did not blindly copy Dewey's education method or theories. For Tao, education is an active process in real- life experiences rather than one of telling and being told. He encouraged "unity of teaching, learning, and reflective acting".
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After conducting surveys in Beijing, Tianjin and Shanghai in 1921, Tao was surprised to learn that the rate of urban illiteracy (文盲) in China went beyond 70 percent. {#blank#}4{#/blank#}.To deal with the lack of teachers and money, in 1927, Tao set up Xiaozhuang Normal college (晓庄师范学院) in the northern suburbs of Nanjing to train teachers and educators ,most of whom became teachers at rural schools.
{#blank#}5{#/blank#}He set up Yucai Middle School in the suburbs of Chongqing and offered free education to refugee (避难) children after the Japanese invasion of China began in 1937.
Maybe Tao's moto is the best explanation for his life, "Giving a whole heart, yet taking nothing in return, not even a leaf of grass."
There is a girl at school, and we don't really get along. She keeps spreading rumours(传播谣言) about me and people are turning against me. What should I do? —Sam |
Some people spread rumours as a way to scare others and get popularity. But spreading rumours as a way to turn people against someone is a form of bullying(霸凌). So what can you do if you find yourself the target(目标) of rumours and social bullying?
Turn to a trusted adult for support. Talk to someone you can trust, like a parent, a teacher, or a coach. Let that person know what you're going through. Keep him or her up to date on what's going on, even as things start to get better. A trusted adult can help you feel more supported and less lonely. What's more, adults can do something to put a stop to the rumours.
Find your friends. Find a friend or two who will be willing to help you and who won't listen to rumours. If you want, share your feelings with those friends. Don't think too much about the situation, though. Spend time having fun with your friends and doing activities you enjoy.
Speak up. Try to speak to the girl who's spreading rumours. Don't be angry. Avoid shouting. Just say what you want calmly and clearly. After you've said what you want, you can simply walk away. There's no need to wait for her to say anything back. Leave her to think about what you said.
Before you try talking to the girl, though, talk with an adult about what to say. It can also help to have a friend stand with you when you talk to the girl.
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