题型：任务型阅读 题类：常考题 难易度：普通
安徽省黄山市屯溪第一中学2018-2019学年高一下学期英语期中考试试卷
Every animal sleeps, but the reason for this has remained foggy. When lab rats are not allowed to sleep, they die within a month.
One idea is that sleep helps us strengthen new memories. We know that, while awake, fresh memories are recorded by reinforcing (加强) connections between brain cells, but the memory processes that take place while we sleep have been unclear.
Support is growing for a theory that sleep evolved so that connections between neurons(神经元) in the brain can be weakened overnight, making room for fresh memories to form the next day.
Now we have the most direct evidence yet that he is right. The synapses in the mice taken at the end of a period of sleep were 18 per cent smaller than those taken before sleep, showing that the connections between neurons weaken while sleeping.
If Tononi's theory is right, it would explain why, when we miss a night's, we find it harder the next day to concentrate and learn new information — our brains may have smaller room for new experiences.
Their research also suggests how we may build lasting memories over time even though the synapses become thinner. The team discovered that some synapses seem to be protected and stayed the same size. "You keep what matters," Tononi says.
A. We should also try to sleep well the night before.
B. It's as if the brain is preserving its most important memories.
C. Similarly, when people go for a few days without sleeping, they get sick.
D. The processes take place to stop our brains becoming loaded with memories.
E. That's why students do better in tests if they get a chance to sleep after learning.
F. "Sleep is the price we pay for learning," says Giulio Tononi, who developed the idea.
G. Tononi's team measured the size of these connections, or synapses, in the brains of 12 mice.
Below is some advice on how to prevent cancer:
Eat blueberries
Aside from being a healthy and delicious snack, the blueberries contains pterostilbene, which has important colon(结肠) cancer-fighting. {#blank#}1{#/blank#}. Blueberries also offer a large dose of vitamins C. So at breakfast, try to take in a cup and a half of blueberries in your cereal or yogurt, or mixed with other berries.
Relax
{#blank#}2{#/blank#}? Find ways to relax and you may reduce your chances of developing cancer. Purdue University researchers tracked 1,600 men over 12 years and found that half of those with high levels of worry died during the study period. Only 20 percent of the optimists died before the study were completed, while 34 percent of the extremely anxious men died of some type of cancer.{#blank#}3{#/blank#}!
Break a Sweat
{#blank#}4{#/blank#}. In a study of 29,110 men published in The International Journal of Cancer, men who exercised just once a week had a percent lower risk of prostate cancer than men who didn't work out at all. The better the frequency and intensity of the exercise, the bigger the reduction in risk, according to the study.
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There's no question that secondhand smoke kills, A recent American Journal of Public Health study showed that nonsmokers working in smoky places had three times the amount of carcinogen（致癌物）in their body than nonsmokers working in smoke-free locations. What's worse, their levels of the carcinogen rose 6 percent for every working hour. Many states have banned smoking in all workplaces, bars and restaurants. The message is clear: Do whatever you can to avoid the cloud of smoke.
A. Breathe clean air B. But it has more good C. Get away from disease D. Do you feel stressed or worried E. Do you have a health check regularly F. Even a small amount of exercise can offer major cancer-fighting benefits G. Instead of stressing about the past or future, focus on the present and have a rest |
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