It is necessary but difficult for English beginners to memorize new words, and long lists of words seem to make the mission impossible. They are puzzled why they try to memorize words with great efforts but forget them easily. That's why there are often inquiries about how to memorize new words.

{#blank#}1{#/blank#} Here are some tips to help.

    {#blank#}2{#/blank#} We too often separate the process of new words memorization from pronunciation. In fact these two can be combined and each will enhance the other. Saying the word to ourselves helps activate aural(hearing) memory, which helps the memory. {#blank#}3{#/blank#} The more familiar we are with the word,

the greater chance we will have to keep it for the rest of our life.

    Never memorize single English words. {#blank#}4{#/blank#} Relate the word to terms we already know, either as synonym or antonym. For example, the word "gargantuan" is similar in meaning to words "gigantic", ”huge" and "large". Make a sequence of words: "small, medium, large, gigantic, and gargantuan".

    Create a mental image of the word that involves strong emotions. Think, "The gargantuan whale is going to swallow me whole".

    Learning English words requires action. Complaining how difficult it is to memorize new words will be of little help. {#blank#}5{#/blank#} Have a try with ten words a day and you will see what a difference you will make in our English learning.

A. So take action right now.

B. Speak the word while memorizing it.

C. Memorizing new words is very important.

D. Actually, some have given up learning new words.

E. In fact, learning new words needn't be that difficult.

F. Make as many associations and connections as possible.

G. The sound of word helps us recall the spelling and familiarizes us with the word.

    Having bad feeling about world? “Cheer up.” says science writer Matt Ridley. “The world has never been a better place to live in, and it will keep on getting better both for humans and for nature.”{#blank#}1{#/blank#}

1 ) {#blank#}2{#/blank#}

    It is reported that there are more than ten billion different products for sale in London alone. Even allowing for the many people who still live in poverty, our own generation has access to more nutritious food, more convenient transport, bigger houses, and better cars. {#blank#}3{#/blank#} This will continue as long as we use these things to make other things. The more we specialize and exchange, the better off we'll be.

2)Brilliant advances

    One reason we are richer, healthier, taller, cleverer, longer lived and freer than ever before is that the four most basic human needs—food, clothing, fuel and shelter—have grown a lot cheaper. Take one example. In 1800 a candle providing one hour's light cost six hours' work. In the 1880s the same light from an oil lamp took 15 minutes' work to pay for. {#blank#}4{#/blank#} Today it's half second.

3 )Let's not kill ourselves for climate change

    {#blank#}5{#/blank#} A child that dies from indoor smoke in a village, where the use of fossil-fuel (化石燃料) electricity is forbidden by well-meaning members of green political movements trying to save the world, is just as great a tragedy as a child that dies in a flood caused by climate change. If climate change proves to be mild, but cutting carbon causes real pain, we may well find that we have stopped a nose-bleed by putting a tourniquet (止血带) around our necks.

A. Ridley calls himself a rational optimist—rational, because he's carefully weighed the evidence.

B. Overreaction to climate change could prove just as damaging to human welfare as climate change itself.

C. Shopping fuels invention.

D. And, of course, we earn more pounds and dollars than any who lived before us.

E. In 1950 it was eight seconds.

F. It's high time that we took immediate action to fight climate change.

G. Here's how he explains his views.

    How to Feel Attractive and Be Confident of Yourself

    Feeling attractive and confident has little to do with your appearance and everything to do with how you feel about yourself on the inside. Every person is an individual and has attractive qualities to focus on{#blank#}1{#/blank#}

    ⑴Do what you can do.

    {#blank#}2{#/blank#}Don't complain about something that you are not willing to change. Begin dieting and exercising if you are overweight. Change your hairstyle, have your nails done or arch(使成弓形) your eyebrows.

    ⑵{#blank#}3{#/blank#}

    Let your hands swing, keep your neck straight and hold your shoulders back. Walking confidently will make you feel more attractive and be more confident.

    ⑶Don't compare yourself to others.

    You don't have to look like a model or a host on TV. However, you can learn to love yourself as you are{#blank#}4{#/blank#}. Make a list of your attractive qualities, and think about those each time you want to compare yourself with someone else.

    ⑷Avoid negative thoughts about yourself.

    {#blank#}5{#/blank#}View pictures that show you at your most attractive. Force yourself to think about the things you like about yourself rather than the things you don't like.

A．Walk confidently.

B．Focus on the areas over which you have control.

C．Learn how to be attractive and confident from models.

D．You will be happier when you don't need to compare with others.

E．Focus on achievements that will make you feel more confident and attractive.

F．The way you handle yourself can make you feel more attractive and confident.

G．Every time you think something negative, replace it with a positive thought or action.

    Now VAR technology is fully combined with the global game of soccer and made its debut (首次亮相) at the 2018 World Cup. {#blank#}1{#/blank#}. It is actually a team who work together to review certain decisions made by the main judge by watching video replays.

    The VAR team supported the judges from a centralized video room. The operators selected and provided the best angles from the relevant broadcast cameras plus two additional offside cameras. {#blank#}2{#/blank#}. They will communicate with the judges only for clear and obvious errors or serious missed incidents. The judge can delay the restart of play at any time to communicate with the VAR team. {#blank#}3{#/blank#}, the judge would start an official review. Then they will make a decision based on the information received from the VAR team.

    {#blank#}4{#/blank#}. Some fans believe that VAR causes too many interruptions, disrupting the flow of the game. But others just want a fair match and to see the correct call no matter what. They argue disruptions already take place as angry players crowd around a judge following a controversial decision. {#blank#}5{#/blank#}. With much money put into modern football, governing bodies are now under great pressure to see that the correct decisions are made on the pitch and VAR is a sure step in that.

A.VAR works as video judges

B. If one team is likely to win a game

C. It is hard to avoid and VAR is necessary

D. Now VAR has incurred heated discussion

E. Once they decide an incident is reviewable

F. Throughout a match they are constantly checking for mistakes

G. VAR can serve to remove such scenes and get the game moving again

Sleep and Teens--Biology and Behavior

    How much sleep do teens need? And how much sleep are they realistically getting? Based on current data, most teens need about 9-plus hours to have the best or most suitable sleep night. {#blank#}1{#/blank#}

    Many factors combine to decrease sleep in adolescents. We can think in general of two major factors: biological, the brain processes that regulate the amount and timing of sleep, and behavior, all the psychological, parental, societal, cultural features of teen's life.

    {#blank#}2{#/blank#}These changes lay the ground work for the biological night to occur later during the teen years than before. Circadian Rhythms (daily biological clock) seems to slow down as young people progress through the middle school years. At the same time, the sleep pressure system appears to change in a way that makes it easier to stay awake longer, though without changing the amount of sleep that is needed.

    Moreover, many teens have a "technological playground" in their bedrooms: television, computer with 24/7 Internet access, telephones, electronic game stations, MP3 players, and so forth. These technologies provide instant and constant contact with peers. Societal and media pressure to consume these technologies is now higher than ever. Yet society also requires that teens go to school at a time of day that is at odds with their biological and social lives. So we see teens turn to caffeine, late-night Internet and cramming in activity after activity as a means to keep awake.{#blank#}3{#/blank#}

    Problems emerge for lack of sleep. {#blank#}4{#/blank#}For some, grades begin to suffer as they struggle to keep awake during class and while doing homework. And others may simply feel moody, never knowing how to feel or do their best. Worse still, many teens suffer from both physical and mental illness.

    {#blank#}5{#/blank#}The earlier teens can start this good sleep habit, the easier it will be for them to stay healthy, happy and smart.

A. Sleep experts recommend teens keep consistent sleep and wake schedule

B. Teens may schedule sleep like any other daily activity and make sleep a priority

C  Then they are trapped into a terrible situation where they would never get enough sleep

D. The sleep-wake bio-regulatory factors appear to change significantly during adolescence

E. Some teenagers struggle to wake up in the morning  often resulting in late or missed school

F. Teens may be driven to things that can wake them up because they'll fall asleep if they do not

G. However, it is indicated that most teens fall short of this goal, many by a considerable amount.

    Caregivers care for someone with an illness, injury or disability. Caregiving can be rewarding, but it can also be challenging. {#blank#}1{#/blank#} Women especially are at risk for the harmful health effects of caregiver stress. These health problems may include stress and anxiety. There are ways to manage caregiver stress.

    The first thing to do is learn ways to better help your loved one. {#blank#}2{#/blank#} To find these classes, ask your doctor or call your local Area Agency on Aging.

    Take time out to meditate（冥想）or reflect. Spending 10 to 20 minutes twice a day to "clear your head" can work wonders when you're feeling overburdened. Some caregivers learn meditation techniques from classes or books on the subject, while others simply take time out to quietly reflect. {#blank#}3{#/blank#}

    Exercising is another good way to help mind and body recover. It's one of the best-known techniques for reducing stress and keeping healthy. A quick walk several times each week gives you significant health benefits. {#blank#}4{#/blank#} Your library may offer exercise DVDs. Invite a friend over to join you. {#blank#}5{#/blank#} Nursing a garden, watching a favorite TV show, or reading an article that interests you. Your favorite hobby can help "center" you and remind you that you still have a life outside of caregiving. You must make some time－even for 10－to take care of yourself.

A. Stress from caregiving is common.

B. Try to do something you enjoy every day.

C. You'd better keep a journal of your thoughts and feelings.

D. Find caregiving resources in your community to help you.

E. Whichever way you choose, it's important that you focus on clearing your mind.

F. There are many good indoor choices, too, from walking in place to yoga or tai chi.

G. Some hospitals offer classes that can teach you how to care for someone with an injury or illness.