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题型:阅读理解 题类:常考题 难易度:普通

宁夏大学附属中学2019届高三上学期英语第四次月考试卷

阅读理解

    Here is a record of the discussion about AI (artificial intelligence) conducted by several scientists.

    Scientist A: I would say that we are quite a long way off developing the AI, though I do think it will happen within the next thirty or forty years. We will probably remain in control of technology and it will help us solve many of the world's problems. However, no one really knows what will happen if machines become more intelligent than humans. They may help us, ignore us or destroy us. I tend to believe AI will have a positive influence on our future lives, but whether that is true will be partly up to us.

    Scientists B: I have to admit that the potential consequences of creating something that can match or go beyond human intelligence frighten me. Even now, scientists are teaching computers how to learn on their own. At some point in the near future, their intelligence may well take off and develop at an ever-increasing speed. Human beings evolve biologically very slowly and we could be quickly substituted. In the short term, there is the danger that robots will take over millions of human jobs, creating a large underclass of unemployed people. This could mean large-scale poverty and social unrest. In the long term machines might decide the world would be better without humans.

    Scientists C: I'm a member of the campaign to Stop Killer Robots. Forget the movie image of a terrifying Terminator stamping on human skulls and think of what's happening right now: military machines like drones, gun turrets and sentry robots are already being used to kill with very little human input. The next step will be autonomous “murderbots” following orders but finally deciding who to kill on their own. It seems clear to me that this would be extremely dangerous for humans. We need to be very cautious indeed about what we ask machines to do.

(1)、What is Scientists B worried about?
A、AI technology will destroy the earth. B、Computers can't think by themselves. C、Robots will take the place of humans. D、Humans will be unhappy without machines.
(2)、What does the underlined word “this” in the last paragraph refer to?
A、I launch the campaign to Stop Killer Robots. B、We forget the movie image of a terrifying Terminator. C、“Murderbots” can't decide by themselves. D、“Murderbots” will be against human's orders.
(3)、Which statement is RIGHT according to the record?
A、Scientist A thinks AI technology will never develop. B、The employment will be affected by AI technology in the future. C、“Murderbots” will follow the orders of their manufactures in the wars. D、All the three scientists agree that AI technology will benefit human beings.
(4)、Who agree(s) AI has more negative aspects than positive aspects?
A、Scientist A B、Scientist B C、Scientists B&C D、Scientists B&A
举一反三
阅读理解

    Suppose you're in a rush, feeling tired, not paying attention to your screen, and you send an email that could get you in trouble.

    Realisation will probably set in seconds after you've clicked "send". You freeze in horror and burn with shame.

    What to do? Here are four common email accidents, and how to handle.

    Clicking "send" too soon

    Don't waste your time trying to find out if the receivers has read it yet. Write another email as swiftly as you can and send it with a brief explaining that this is the correct version and the previous version should be ignored.

    Writing the wrong time

    The sooner you notice, the better. Respond quickly and briefly, apologizing for your mistake. Keep the tone measured: don't handle it too lightly, as people can be offered, especially if your error suggests a misunderstanding of their culture(I.e. incorrect ordering of Chinese names).

Clicking "reply all" unintentionally

    You accidentally reveal(透露)to entire company what menu choices you would prefer at the staff Christmas dinner, or what holiday you'd like to take. In this instance, the best solution is to send a quick, light-hearted apology to explain your awkwardness. But it can quickly rise to something worse, when everyone starts hitting "reply all" to join in a long and unpleasant conversation. In this instance, step away from your keyboard to allow everyone to calm down.

Sending an offensive message to it's subject

    The most awkward email mistake is usually committed in anger. You write an unkind message about someone, intending to send it to a friend, but accidentally send it to the person you're discussing. In that case, ask to speak in person as soon as possible and say sorry. Explain your frustrations calmly and sensibly—see it as an opportunity tic hear up any difficulties you may have with this person.

阅读理解

Sweet Dreams While You Sleep

    Did you sleep the day away on Friday March 21? Well, you should have done that because it was World Sleeping Day.

    This is the day of the year when people around the world care about their sleep and ask themselves questions about sleep.

    Why do we need sleep?

    Nobody as yet can give a perfect answer to this question. However, lab tests on rats have shown that lack (缺少) of sleep over about four weeks leads to a strong drop in body temperature, great weight loss and finally, death.

    How much sleep?

    Different people need different amounts of sleep. Eight hours a night is considered the average amount of sleep. For teenagers, the least number of sleeping hours advised by doctors are 10 hours for primary school students, nine for junior highs and eight for senior highs.

    Some people seem to get along just well with very little sleep at night. Leading American scientist Thomas Edison, for example thought of sleep to be a waste of time. He did, however take naps (打盹) during the day. On the other hand, Albert Einstein, another great scientist, said he needed at least ten hours sleep a night.

    How can we sleep well?

    Here are some of the most popular tips for a good night's sleep:

    Listen to your body clock, not your alarm clock (闹钟).

    Use your bed only to sleep.

    Get up and go to bed at the same time (also on weekends).

    Exercise in the morning and in the early afternoon. Don't exercise in the evening.

    Stop looking at that clock while you can't sleep! And don't worry.

    Avoid alcohol (酒精), caffeine (咖啡因) and smoking before going to bed.

    Keep the bedroom dark, quiet, and cool.

阅读理解

    About 6 years ago, I was on a plane next to a woman. I was tired and wanted to take a nap. But before I could go into "ignore pattern", she tapped me on the shoulder to introduce herself.

    "Hi, my name is Helga!"

    We got to talking and eventually it came up that I had started an organization in high school called R.A.K.E.(Random Acts of Kindness, Etc.). As I described what we did, Helga got very serious and told me that she admired me for that. She told me a story about the last time she had flown. She was on the way to Arizona because she had gotten sudden news that her dad's health was on the decline. Later her father's physician called to inform her that her dad had rather suddenly passed away. For the 3-hour plane ride, she sat in silence around strangers.

    When she arrived at the airport in Arizona, she walked to the nearest wall, sat down, and cried. And here is the part I'll never forget about Helga's story. For 2 hours she sat and wept while thousands walked to and fro in the airport. Helga looked at me and said, "Houston, not a single person stopped and asked if I was okay that day." It was that day that I realized how much we need each other. It was that day I realized that kindness isn't normal.

    Kindness isn't normal. That has stuck with me all these years especially now. I work in schools nationwide speaking about sympathy, kindness, empathy (同理心) and love. I'm reminded all the time that, for many of us, kindness is not usually our default setting. We spend so much time worrying about our problems, our lives, our insecurities, getting to our flight so we walk by or ignore people in need of help.

    So, I've made it my mission to do my part in sharing stories with students, teachers, and parents about our need for character and sympathy. I'm always be on the lookout for the little opportunities that surround me every day to do something nice.

阅读理解

Summer Programs for Teens

    University of Maryland: TERP Young Scholars

    This program is the perfect summer camp for academically talented teenagers who want to pursue academic interests, explore career opportunities, and discover college life at the University of Maryland.

    During three weeks of intellectual exploration, teens can study with students who share similar interests, and communicate with some of the university's best teachers. Upon successful completion, students can earn three college credits.

    Carpe Diem: The University-bound Adventure

    Carpe Diem supports both American and international students in applying to a university by providing private consultation. This 2-week experience also includes tours of famous East Const universities Students will also have the opportunity to build their resumes (简历) by working with writing experts.

    Great Books Summer Program

    This is a lively, warm and welcoming summer camp community of outstanding teens, who love literature and ideas In the past eleven years, it has gathered middle and high school students from across the world to read selections from the greatest works of literature, experience heated discussions and enjoy summer camp fun with other literary-minded students. Participants can gain confidence in their ability to read a text closely and express their ideas clearly both verbally and in writing.

    Zeal Travel

    We offer our teens two week and three- week long trips to Hawaii, Alaska, Australia and Spain. All trips include 15-25 hours of community service activities.

    Depending on your trip of choice, you'll be helping Hawaiians protect their forest ecosystem, caring for dogs in Spain, working with Habitat for Humanity, and much more. Every trip also includes exciting outdoor activities like surfing, driving, ice-climbing, hiking and more. The possibilities are endless and there is a zeal trip for every interest.

 阅读理解

Year-12 student Noah Little has already sat his first Chinese-speaking exam and said it was "the easiest exam I've ever done". That view is not surprising given that the Wagga Wagga High School student loves language—so much that he has built a Chinese translation app.

Noah said his love of language was encouraged by his community. "Wagga Wagga is a place full of people from different cultures, and sometimes when I meet new people who have trouble speaking English, I like to talk to them in their own language," he said. "I also have a few Chinese friends so I think it will be cool to talk to them in their language."

The 17-year-old started teaching himself Chinese around five years ago, before taking distance education courses at the start of Year 11. His language ability was also useful in his part-time job at a local Chinese restaurant, where he translated orders for the cooks and customers.

Noah said he also had a basic knowledge of seven other languages. It was while teaching himself the languages that Noah got the idea of the translation tool. "I decided to make my own app because there weren't many around—all the other apps were full of advertisements (广告) and the translation feature (专题节目) wasn't powerful enough," he said.

His app also includes a word of the day feature, lessons on how to write Chinese characters (汉字) and a news feed of important Chinese news.

He said learning computer programming to build the app had been like studying another language. With the end of school around the corner, Noah said he would like to pursue (追求) both his interest in computer programming and languages. "I'm planning to work for a year and save so I can go on to university as I really want to make a career (事业) out of one of these two topics."

 阅读短文,回答问题

Imagine a school where students are taught by the best teachers in every subject, regardless of location. Imagine a school where students could go on safe field trips to the Amazon rainforest or Everest base camp. Well, such schools are already being built: in virtual(虚拟的)reality. 

Last year, Optima Academy Online, an all-virtual school, delivered courses that aim to improve the hearts and train the minds of young people. These courses are of different levels, attracting 170 full-time students from all over Florida. In the progress of home-schooling, students use headsets for about three hours a day for formal lessons and then do course work independently with digital check-ins. 

Future versions(版本)of VR will doubtless be widely used in education, but the only questions are: for what purpose and at what speed? There are enough reasons to doubt whether VR schools represent the future of education. Sticking a child in their bedroom with a heavy VR headset fastened to their face and no physical social interaction with other kids will fill many of them and their parents with horror. 

A recent report concluded that digital education could significantly improve the quality and equality of schooling systems. But if managed poorly, it could have the opposite effect, turning a digital divide into an educational one. There is growing evidence to suggest that is happening. In Mexico, only 24 percent of 15-year-old students in poor schools have access(使用)to a home computer for schoolwork compared with 87 percent in rich ones. 

Used properly, technology can be great for enabling self-motivated students to access learning resources and connect with fellow students and teachers all over the world, says Beeban Kidron, a member of the UK's Digital Futures Commission. The trouble is that Edtech is too often seen as a shiny new toy that will solve all problems and save money rather than being viewed as a different way to learn, she adds. 

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