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题型:任务型阅读 题类:常考题 难易度:普通

吉林省长春外国语学校2018-2019学年高一下学期英语开学考试试卷

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

    Are you having trouble concentrating when you're reading a book or listening to a lecture? This list of activities might help to improve your study habits.

    Make a List. We often have trouble paying attention to one thing because our brain wants to think about something else. You don't worry about whatever else you should be doing.

    Sleep More. Studies show that people who sleep fewer than eight hours a night for a period of time have slower response systems and more difficulty recalling information.

    Eat Healthier Foods. Many people enjoy foods high in fats and sugars. They might give you a temporary burst of energy. However, that energy is soon followed by a crash.

Reduce Screen Time. This may be the most unpopular suggestion among young people. Screen time — or time spent looking at cell phones, televisions, computer screens, has a clear effect on the attention span.

    Concentration improves for students who participate in team sports. It could be that being active is helpful in this way. Participating in a sport trains your brain to concentrate on specific tasks, and shut out other thoughts.

A. Be active.

B. Practice more.

C. These foods can provide enough energy for focusing.

D. But these foods can't be helpful enough when it comes to focusing.

E. That is bad news for teens who stay up studying the night before a test.

F. Researchers advise parents to limit it when their children need to be focused.

G. By writing down all the things you need to do, you'll gain a sense of control.

举一反三
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

                                                                      Little-known facts about germs

    Germs are everywhere and in so many forms.{#blank#}1{#/blank#} There are some steps you can take to help prevent the spread of germs in your personal space.

    Computer keyboards can have more germs than a public toilet.Keys and spaces on a keyboard are main breeding grounds for bacterial and viral growth.{#blank#}2{#/blank#} Clean your keyboard regularly with specialized wipes for electronics,and remove dust with an air duster.

    {#blank#}3{#/blank#} While it seems to make sense that covering your toothbrush would protect,the opposite is the case.With a cover on your brush,a more humid environment is created and more likely to encourage growth of germs.Wash your toothbrush when done,and allow it to air dry.Make sure you store it away from the toilet.

    Hand sanitizer(洗手液) does not always replace soap and water washing.Hand sanitizer is great when you're not near a sink,and need to clean your hands.But given the choice of a spritz of sanitizer or good old soap and water,choose the soap and water route.{#blank#}4{#/blank#}  Lather up and scrub hard for at least 20 seconds,and wash between your fingers and the back of your hands.Don't skimp with the hand sanitizer either—cover the same hand areas as for soap and water.

    {#blank#}5{#/blank#} If you freeze foods that you suspect might be spoiled,freezing them will not kill the germs already in the food.Freezing prevents further bacterial growth,but when you thaw it out,the bacteria continue to increase and pollute your food.

A.Freezing food does not kill germs.

B.Try not to eat outside especially in summer.

C.Exposure to germs can lead to many illnesses.

D.Toothbrush covers do not protect your brushes from bacteria.

E.There are a lot of effective ways to get rid of germs in your house.

F.Soap and water are only a better germ fighter when done properly.

G.Some reports show five times more germs on a keyboard than on a public toilet.

任务型阅读

    Getting your children to study can be a little like getting them to eat their vegetables. {#blank#}1{#/blank#} Make a study time and have it at the same time every day. This will help your kids to learn to schedule their day and will give them a sense of control over how they spend their time.

    Allow them to study in blocks of time,such as for half an hour with a five-minute break in the middle. {#blank#}2{#/blank#} Ideal(理想的) study times are after dinner or right after school before dinner.

    Never allow your children to study in front of the television,as that will encourage passive activity. {#blank#}3{#/blank#} You'll also need to help your kids find the right place to study. After you've set up a good study time for little learners,set up a good place where they can get those creative juices flowing. {#blank#}4{#/blank#} Make sure there is a table or a desk and a comfortable chair.

    {#blank#}5{#/blank#} This includes helping them out with their homework sometimes and being there for them with the answers to any questions. The input you give your children during study periods will help form a bond and help make studying enjoyable.

A.Pick a place where your children can study properly.B.Hold them to the schedule they create for themselves.

C.Finally,spend time with your kids when they're studying.

D.Keep the atmosphere light and offer lots of encouragement,too.

E.Instead,use TV as a treat or a reward when the homework is completed.

F.Try to stop this bad habit by offering some sort of reward.

G.One of the best ways to form good study habits for your kids is to design a schedule that they keep to.

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

    Every animal sleeps, but the reason for this has remained foggy. When lab rats are not allowed to sleep, they die within a month.{#blank#}1{#/blank#}

    One idea is that sleep helps us strengthen new memories. {#blank#}2{#/blank#} We know that, while awake, fresh memories are recorded by reinforcing (加强) connections between brain cells, but the memory processes that take place while we sleep have been unclear.

    Support is growing for a theory that sleep evolved so that connections between neurons (神经元) in the brain can be weakened overnight, making room for fresh memories to form the next day.{#blank#}3{#/blank#}

    Now we have the most direct evidence yet that he is right.{#blank#}4{#/blank#} The synapses in the mice taken at the end of a period of sleep were 18 per cent smaller than those taken before sleep, showing that the connections between neurons weaken while sleeping.

    If Tononi's theory is right, it would explain why, when we miss a night's, we find it harder the next day to concentrate and learn new information — our brains may have smaller room for new experiences.

    Their research also suggests how we may build lasting memories over time even though the synapses become thinner. The team discovered that some synapses seem to be protected and stayed the same size. {#blank#}5{#/blank#} “You keep what matters,” Tononi says.

A. We should also try to sleep well the night before.

B. It's as if the brain is preserving its most important memories.

C. That's why students do better in tests if they get a chance to sleep after learning.

D. Similarly, when people go for a few days without sleeping, they get sick.

E. The processes take place to stop our brains becoming loaded with memories.

F. Tononi's team measured the size of these connections, or synapses, in the brains of 12 mice.

G. “Sleep is the price we pay for learning,” says Giulio Tononi, who developed the idea.

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

Some Myths You Strongly Keep Believing Are Untrue

    There are varieties of false myths we spread from day to day.{#blank#}1{#/blank#}. Otherwise, people will continue to believe such ridiculous myths undoubtedly. You will realize some of the most acceptable facts are completely untrue.

    Men get beer bellies from beer.

    We blame the beer for the belly. It is widely believed that men who constantly drink beer end up with a beer belly. However, it is not the beer that's to blame, but the abundance of unhealthy snacks that often accompany the drink. Alcohol in beer irritates the stomach, therefore causing an increased appetite. Dr. Michael Jensen, an obesity specialist in Minnesota USA says that drinking beer makes liver burn alcohol instead of fat, leaving the latter to accumulate in the waist.{#blank#}2{#/blank#}, while the one of women's accumulates in the hips and  bottoms, as a result of different sexual characteristics.

    {#blank#}3{#/blank#}.

    We are told that dogs see the world in black and white. But the truth is that they can distinguish colors just not in the same way we do. Jay Needs from the University of Washington in Seattle proves that our furry friends are able to receive a limited range of colors, which means they can distinguish objects of the same shape. In general, a dog's vision is very similar to that of a person with red-green color blindness.

    Carrots improve eyesight.

    {#blank#}4{#/blank#}. This myth came into existence during the Second World War. The British Army claimed that fighter pilots had excellent night vision as a result of their consumption of large quantities of carrots. Actually, they had radars onboard which made it faster and easier to detect the enemies. The myth about the amazing power of carrots was invented and spread by the media so that enemies would not learn about the fact.{#blank#}5{#/blank#}.

A. Dogs can distinguish colors

B. Men's fat is stored in their bellies

C. Dogs see the world in black and white

D. Men's fat is not mostly accumulated in these parts

E. Eventually, it spread all over the world and people are still convinced of it

F. We agree with the view that eating carrots plays an essential part in good vision

G. It is high time that scientists created a separate department dedicated to exposing the truth

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

    In a world surrounded by bad news, it may feel like an unhappy place sometimes.{#blank#}1{#/blank#}

    If you make even one person smile today, you can help make this world a better place. Here is list of ideas to help you.

    {#blank#}2{#/blank#}In this day and age where everything is sent via the Internet, it's a shock to receive a letter through the post. Putting pen to paper and writing a few words to a friend can be an easy way to make a positive impact.

    Requiring some time and research to find the perfect project, volunteering is one of the nicest things you can do. Whether you volunteer at your local youth group or take dogs from shelters for a walk, the simple fact that you are giving up your time to help someone else is incredible. There are so many opportunities.{#blank#}3{#/blank#}

    Tell someone "I love you". It can be anyone. {#blank#}4{#/blank#}Perhaps you can tell a friend that you appreciate all they are to you, or remind your mum that it's her birthday. Sometimes, in our busy lives we forget to take a moment to tell people what they mean to us.

    {#blank#}5{#/blank#}Whether you're creative or not, taking time to make something for someone else shows how much you appreciate them. Even if you think you're not creative, the recipient will feel lucky to get such a unique gift that you put your precious time into. Some ideas could include a card, painting, drawing, song, poem or cake!

A. However, you can make a difference.

B. It's a surprise to send a handwritten letter.

C. And you don't even have to say "I love you"

D. So you are sure to find one that is right for you.

E. And it doesn't necessarily have to take up all your life.

F. Making something for a special person is always unique.

G. Even a postcard with a couple of sentences could really make someone's day.

 阅读七选五

After building some "standard"cargo bikes, {#blank#}1{#/blank#} ,this time with something very special. I wanted to build an ideal cargo bike combining the stability of a three-wheeler with the possibility to change directions like being on two wheels. 
The first step was to do extensive research {#blank#}2{#/blank#} .An incredible source of technical inspiration was the online Tilting Group.Although primarily-concerned with tilting(倾斜) concepts of engine driven constructions,the group is surely the best place to find information about constructing a tilter. 
    After researching and outlining a few ideas,I grabbed some parts and started with a very simple prototype(雏形).Building such a vehicle needs a high degree of accuracy,which was not the case with my prototype {#blank#}3{#/blank#} .So I made a few more sketches(草图),which led to an improved version of the driving and tilting mechanism. 
    Then I started building the tricycle.Building the structure was quite straightforward.As usual I took an old bike apart for the back triangle and then added the front part.After adding a cargo basket to the structure, {#blank#}4{#/blank#} . 
    Now came the hard part:the driving mechanism.I started with the usual design used for two-wheel cargo bikes,but it took me quite some time to figure out how to pass the driving force to both wheels without allowing the whole thing to lock itself in any angle {#blank#}5{#/blank#} , but I'm sure I can use the knowledge I gained one way or another. 


A.The project was demanding 
B.I decided to get my hands dirty again 
C.I fell in love with three-wheeler bikes 
D.I put all the parts together for the first time 
E.It took me quite some time to understand the ideas behind it 
F.The engine driven constructions were always the most difficult to fix 
D.The consequence was that the driving mechanism locked itself occasionally

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