题型：任务型阅读 题类：常考题 难易度：困难
广东省广州市荔湾区2018-2019学年度高二上学期英语期末考试试卷
Social Phobia
It is natural to feel nervous, or shy in front of others at times. Most people manage to get through these moments when they need to. It's probably more than shyness. It may build up into a powerful fear. As a result, people feel uncomfortable participating in everyday social activities. This is called social phobia (also called social anxiety).
It prevents them from chatting with friends in the lunch time, joining an after-school club, or going to a party. Sometimes, they even feel too nervous to ask a question in class or go to a teacher for help. Social phobia not only prevents people from trying new things. It also prevents them from making the normal, everyday mistakes that may help people improve their skills even further
It is really sad, isn't it? But the good news is that people with social phobia can learn to manage fear, develop confidence and communicating skills and stop avoiding things that make them nervous. Of course it's not always easy. Dealing with social phobia takes the willingness patience and courage to face fears.
Therapists (治疗师) can help people create a plan for facing social fears and build the skills and confidence to overcome it. And family or friends are especially important for them. They can encourage them to pick a small goal to aim for, remind them to go for it, and be there when they might feel discouraged.
Little by little, someone who decides to deal with extreme shyness can learn to be more comfortable. As shyness and fears begin to melt, confidence and positive feelings build. Pretty soon, the person is thinking less about what might feel uncomfortable and more about what might be fun.
A. Friends can overcome their fears easily.
B. But for someone, the anxiety can be extreme.
C. They are not able to make eye contact with classmates.
D. Social phobia makes people lonely or disappointed over missed opportunities.
E. Each small step forward helps build enough confidence to take the next small step.
F. It also takes an action to go forward rather than back away when feeling shy.
G. The support from those key people helps them gather the courage to try something new.
A fresh-faced batch of teenagers just began a new school year, but will they get the most out of it? In the mornings, many are forced to get to school much too early. And at night, screens are a temptation that's hard to resist. This double whammy (双重灾难) is a perfect lesson in sleep deprivation (剥夺).
Three out of every four students in grades 9 to 12 fail to sleep the minimum of eight hours that the American Academy of Medicine recommends for their age group. In most cases, insufficient sleep results in reduced attention, preventing students' progress and lowering grades. More alarmingly, sleep deprivation may lead to physical and emotional problems.
It is important to understand why teenagers have a particularly hard time getting enough sleep, and what adults need to do to help. First, a reminder of the basic biology: Adolescents are no longer the morning larks of their younger years. They become rewired as night owls, staying awake later and then sleeping in. This is mostly driven by changes in the way the brain responds to light.
New technology habits aren't helping. More teenagers now turn to activities involving screens at night. The growth in screen time is particularly problematic for sleep. The blue light emitted by LEDs, TVs, tablets and smartphones suppresses the body's secretion (分泌) of melatonin, the hormone that signals it's time to sleep. Overdosing on screens at night effectively tells the brain it's still daytime, delaying the body's cues to sleep even further.
Parents should inform their kids of the time that can be spent on screens, and praise children who show signs of regulating their own media consumption. In the hour before bedtime, there should be a suspension on bright lights in the home, avoiding devices and harsh LED bulbs in kitchens and bathrooms.
In 2016, the American Academy of Pediatrics recommended that middle and high schools start no earlier than 8: 30 a. m., a policy now backed by the American Medical Association and many other health organizations.
Parents also need to join forces with community leaders, sleep scientists, health professionals and educators to put school start times on the local, then state agendas.
Whenever schools have managed the transition to a later start time, students get more sleep, attendance goes up, grades improve and there is a significant reduction in car accidents.
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Title |
Let Teenagers Sleep In |
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Introduction |
The {#blank#}1{#/blank#} of students fail to have enough sleep. |
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Consequences of insufficient sleep |
★Lacking sleep, students fail to {#blank#}2{#/blank#} on their study, progress prevented and grades lowered. ★Deprived of sleep, students are {#blank#}3{#/blank#} to suffer from physical and emotional problems. |
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Reasons for lacking sleep |
★Biologically, adolescents tend to sleep late and get up {#blank#}4{#/blank#}, which can't meet the actual needs. ★Long {#blank#}5{#/blank#} to the blue light from screens prevents the body's secretion of the hormone sending sleeping signals. |
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{#blank#}6{#/blank#} to the problem |
★Parents should set real {#blank#}7{#/blank#} on screen time, and praise children who can regulate their own media consumption. ★Before bedtime, parents should create a healthy environment {#blank#}8{#/blank#} from bright or too strong lights. ★Joint efforts should be made to {#blank#}9{#/blank#} the school start time until, say, 8: 30 a. m. |
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Conclusion |
Changes on school start time will {#blank#}10{#/blank#} both students and society although there is a long way to go. |
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