阅读理解

    American Sign Language, often called ASL, is used by most people with hearing problems in the United States and Canada.

    Besides ASL, there are more than fifty sign languages used throughout the world today, including Mayan Sign, British Sign, Israeli Sign, and Chinese Sign. Like spoken languages, sign languages are different from each other. But all sign languages are based on sight instead of sounds.

    Sign languages have several main visual (视觉) parts that work together to express meaning. The first part is the shape made by the hands. Movement is also important. Moving the body or organs (器官) like hands affects the meaning of the shape. The place where the sign is made and the direction the hands face are crucial as well. Other visual clues (线索), such as the expression on a person's face, can sometimes change a sign's meaning. For example, a change in a smile can show whether a signer is happy, very happy, or overjoyed. Raising the eyebrows can mark a question.

    In sign languages, the visual parts are combined (结合) in different ways to create signs.

These signs stand for things, actions, feelings, and ideas. ASL has about 4,000 different signs. Like spoken  languages,  sign  languages  cannot  be  translated  word-for-word.  

    For English word may be represented by a series of signs in ASL. Or several English words may be

represented by a single ASL sign. Unlike spoken languages, the signs are organized according to sign-language grammar and the most important word or idea is signed first.

    In ASL, the letter signs are made with one hand. Signers would rarely, if ever, spell out all the words they are signing. That would be as awkward and slow as speakers spelling each spoken word. However, American Sign Language does not have signs for proper names, so signers may use the alphabet to spell these. Also, sign languages often borrow words from other languages. They may spell words using finger spelling which is done with a set of hand shapes that stand for letters of the alphabet.

    Sign languages  develop  naturally  when  people  with  shared  culture  and  needs  want  to communicate with each other. Signers are closely linked to each other, perhaps more than to speaking people in their own communities. Signers share points of view, values, needs, and problems,as well as languages.

    Taking away a city's rubbish is a big job. Every day tracks come into a city to collect it. Most rubbish is made up of things we can't eat or use. If we kept these things we would soon have a mountain of rubbish.

    In some cities the rubbish is collected and taken outside of city to a dump. Often the city dump is placed where the ground is low or there is a big hole. The kitchen rubbish is broken into small pieces and sent into the sewage system. The sewage system takes away the used water from toilets, bathtubs and other places.

    To keep mice and flies away, some earth is used to cover the newly dumped rubbish. Later, grass may be planted on the rubbish-filled land. Finally, a house or a school may be built there, and then you'd never know that this had once been an old rubbish dump.

    In other cities the rubbish is burnt in special places. The fire burns everything but the metal. Sometimes the metal can be used again in factories where things are made of metal. The food parts of rubbish are put in special piles where they slowly change into something called humus, which looks like black earth. It is rich with the kinds of things that feed plants and help make them grow.

要点提示：1．谈谈你自己最喜欢的运动及锻炼频率；2．增强体质，有益于身体健康，远离疾病；3．减轻压力，使我们更加自信，有助于提高学习；4．和有共同爱好的人交朋友；5．学会如何与人相处，意识到团队合作的重要性。

要求：1．必须包含所给要点，可适当发挥；2．语句通顺，意思连贯，语法正确，书写规范；3．文中不得出现真实人名、校名或地名；4．词数80左右。（标题和开头已给出，不计入总词数）

参考词汇：reduce v.减轻      confident adj. 自信的

I Like Sports

This term, we have P. E. every day. I'm very happy because I like sports very much. 

Are you wondering what future life will be like? Let's check out the news from the 2042.

请将以下的句子分别填入文中的横线里。有一个多余选项。

A. You just need to tell your mobile phone what you want.

B. Imagine that you want to send a message to your friend.

C. The spaceship will reach the red planet in just 28 hours!

D. We also know that meat production is bad for the environment.

E. Doing this once a day will be enough for people to stay awake for 24 hours.

请选择文中划线的黑体单词或短语补全以下句子。有一个多余选项。

This lady says NO to any meat, because she is a {#blank#}5{#/blank#}.

If we take too much medicine, there may be some {#blank#}6{#/blank#}.

The door closes {#blank#}7{#/blank#} after the boy walks through the door.

I forget to bring my {#blank#}8{#/blank#}, so my computer won't work for a long time.

My friend and I are on the same {#blank#}9{#/blank#}, because we plan to visit Hong Kong together.

The plane is going to {#blank#}10{#/blank#} in three minutes, so please turn off your mobile phone.

注意：

1.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

2.文中不得透露个人信息；

3.词数80词左右(开头已给出，不计入总词数。)

Create a green school, start from me

It is our duty to make our school a green school. However, there are still some problems in the school.