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题型:完形填空 题类:常考题 难易度:困难

江苏省南京市2018-2019学年高一上学期英语期末考试试卷(音频暂未更新)

请认真阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。

    For thousands of years, people have known that the best way to understand a concept is to explain it to others. “While we teach, we 1 , ”said Roman philosopher Seneca. Now scientists are bringing this ancient 2up-to-date. They're 3why teaching is such a fruitful way to learn

    Researchers have found that students who teach others work harder to 4the material, and apply it more 5. Student teachers score higher on tests than pupils who're learning only for themselves. But how can children,6learning themselves, teach others? One answer: They can teach younger kids. Some studies have found that first-born children are more 7than their later-born siblings (兄弟姐妹). This8their higher IQs result from the time they spend teaching their siblings.

    Now educators are experimenting with ways to9 this model to schoolwork. They engage college undergraduates to teach computer science to high school students, who then 10 instruct middle school students on the 11. But the most cutting-edge tool is the “teachable agent”-a computerized character who learns, tries, makes mistakes and asks questions just like a real-world12. Computer scientists have 13 an animated(动画的)figure called Betty's Brain, who has been “taught” about science by middle school stints. Student teachers are motivated to help Betty 14 certain materials. While preparing to teach, they organize their knowledge and15 their understanding. And as they explain the information to it, they identify problems in their own16.

    Feedback from the teachable agent 17improves the teachers' learning. The agents' questions drive student teachers to think and explain the materials in different 18, and watching the agent solve problems allows them emotions one experiences into action.19, it's the emotions one experiences in teaching that help learning. Student teachers feel 20 when their teachable agents fail, but happy when these pupils succeed as they gain pride and satisfaction from someone else's achievement.

(1)
A、learn B、doubt C、grow D、practice
(2)
A、tale B、lesson C、wisdom D、riddle
(3)
A、valuing B、proving C、questioning D、assuming
(4)
A、prepare B、preserve C、exchange D、understand
(5)
A、officially B、effectively C、fluently D、carefully
(6)
A、still B、even C、though D、once
(7)
A、curious B、energetic C、independent D、academic
(8)
A、approves B、witnesses C、suggests D、reviews
(9)
A、add B、apply C、offer D、show
(10)
A、as well B、at once C、in turn D、of course
(11)
A、topic B、event C、schedule D、experiment
(12)
A、teacher B、parent C、sibling D、pupil
(13)
A、created B、tended C、invited D、reserved
(14)
A、arrange B、mark C、master D、link
(15)
A、keep B、improve C、drop D、reach
(16)
A、thinking B、reading C、inspiration D、guidance
(17)
A、shortly B、hardly C、rather D、further
(18)
A、ways B、cases C、places D、orders
(19)
A、In all B、After all C、Above all D、For all
(20)
A、satisfied B、sick C、pleased D、upset
举一反三
阅读理解

COMMERCIAL INVOICE(发货单)

Date: December 10, 2016                  Invoice No: D15454978E

Purchase Order No:8928                   Bill of loading/ Air Waybill No:2309456703W

Contact name: Dan Richman

Company name: Scan Technology, Ltd.

Company address: 2, South Wabash

Chicago, IL60637

Telephone number: (1) 319 554 811

E-mail: danrichman@scantech.com

CONSIGN EE(收件人)

Contact name: Lee Haojie

Company name: First Computers Co.

Company address: 35 HeDong Road Beijing, China

Telephone number: (86) 134591102

E-mail: haojie@first.com.cn

Goods Description

Model number

Quantity

Country of Origin

Unit Value

Total Value

80211 Handheld

Scanner

8021101

3

USA

$120.00

$360.00

80211Base Communicator

8021183

1

USA

$200.00

$200.00

80211 Cables and

Connectors

8021111

3

USA

$30.50

$91.50

Comments: Mr. Lee, I am able to offer a 8% discount since your total purchase is above $500. We value your business and are looking forward to more opportunities with you.

Invoice Sub Total

$651.50

Discount

$52.12

Insurance

$0.00

Invoice Total

$599.38

Shipper's signature

:Dan Richman

Number of Package

1

Total Weight

5.15kg

From: Lee Haojie

Subject: Handheld Scanners

    Ms. Hu, I received the parcel from Scan Technology 1 piece. The scanner model they sent is correct, and the quantity is right. However, I've discovered the cables and connectors are all wrong. They are not suitable for the model 8021101.

    Can you do me a small favor and go through the product information website and see if the cables and connectors are still compatible (兼容的)with the 8021101 scanners? I have no wish to unpack the cables and connectors and try connecting them to the scanners. I believe we will have problem asking for an exchange if the cables and connectors are not compatible. If the website suggests an incompatibility, please contact Dan Richman and request an exchange for the collect model. (Refer to the invoice for his e-mail address.)

    I will only use the scanners for our project once we have resolved the exchange issue. We should not proceed unless we get confirmation (证实)on their compatibility. I am looking to resolve this in the shortest possible time as it would be disastrous to wait for this exchange without making progress on the project.

Haojie

任务型阅读

Saving money while traveling

    There are a lot of matters to think on before going out on a trip.  If you fail to plan the trip properly, then money will simply let itself loose from your pocket. Moreover, if you haven't planned a road map of your tour,  then confusion is quite inevitable (必然的). {#blank#}1{#/blank#}

    Package tours. Tours and travel agencies have attractive offers for tourists wanting to spend a couple of days on trips. {#blank#}2{#/blank#} Once you have accepted the package tour, all your expenses during the travel will be greatly reduced. You can save a lot in lodging(住宿 ) and traveling.

    Inexpensive lodging. Never choose expensive lodging if your tour is a low-budget one. People tend to spend a lot booking luxury hotels (豪华旅馆),  and save little to enjoy other activities during the trip. This idea is absolutely not wise when spending limited money on the trip is your main aim. Moreover, the expenses increase quickly when your kids are with you. {#blank#}3{#/blank#} You can use the money saved on good food and amusement.

    {#blank#}4{#/blank#} The peak season is the time when rates are sky high due to the increase of millions of tourists who can afford to spend a lot of money. You, not being amongst this crowd that can spend generously, must book your holidays during the off season.

    A guide map. Make a guide map about the places to visit, expenses of travel and the activities to try. While planning you should also estimate (估计) your total expenses. Calculate the maximum amount and try to spend less than that. {#blank#}5{#/blank#} Refer to the guide map while traveling and follow the money-saving travel tips as much as possible.

A. Reduce shopping.

B. Off season travel.

C. You must keep yourself updated with such offers.

D. This will help you to keep actual expenses below the estimated.

E. You can save lots of dollars when you don't have a credit card.

F. Therefore, book a fairly low-price lodge to save a few dollars.

G. So knowing some money-saving travel tips becomes necessary for you. 

根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

    Doctors say anger can be an extremely damaging emotion, unless you learn how to deal with it. They warn that anger can lead to heart disease, stomach problems, headaches, emotional problems and possibly cancer.

    {#blank#}1{#/blank#} Some people express anger openly in a calm reasonable way. Others burst with anger, and scream and yell. But other people keep their anger inside. They can not or will not express it. This is called repressing anger.

    For years many doctors thought that repressing anger was more dangerous to a person's health than expressing it. They said that when a person is angry, the brain releases the same hormones (荷尔蒙). They speed the heart rate, raise blood pressure, or sugar into the blood, etc.{#blank#}2{#/blank#}

    Some doctors say that both repressing and expressing anger can be dangerous. They believe that those who express anger violently may be more likely to develop heart disease, and they believe that those who keep anger inside may face a greater danger of high blood pressure.

    {#blank#}3{#/blank#} They say the first step is to admit that you are angry and to recognize the real cause of the anger, then decide if the cause is serious enough to get angry about. If it is, they say, “{#blank#}4{#/blank#} Wait until your anger has cooled down and you are able to express yourself calmly and reasonably.”

    Doctors say that a good way to deal with anger is to find humor in the situation that has made you angry. {#blank#}5{#/blank#}

A. In general the person feels excited and ready to act.

B. They said that laughter is much healthier than anger.

C. Expressing anger violently is more harmful than repressing it.

D. Anger may cause you a cancer.

E. Do not express your anger while angry.

F. Anger is a normal emotion that we all feel from time to time.

G. Doctors say the solution is learning how to deal with anger.

根据短文理解,选择正确答案。

The Pathfinder

    When we found him, he was a sorry sight. His clothes were torn, his hands bleeding. Before we reached him, we saw him fall. He lay a moment. Then he pulled himself to his feet, walked unsteadily a few yards through the woods and fell again.

    After we got him out, we went back to find the gun that he had thrown down. His tracks showed that for two days he had circled in the forest, within 200 yards of the road. His senses were so dulled by fear and tiredness that he did not hear the cars going by or see the lights at night.

    We found him just in time.

    This man, like others before him, had simply been frightened when he knew he was lost. What had been a near disaster might have turned out as only a pleasant walk, had he made a few preparations before he stepped from the highway or off a known path.

    Whatever sense of direction that a man may have, it's still largely a question of observation. A skilled woodsman always keeps an eye on his surroundings. He notes that the shape of a mountain, the direction water flows through a swamp, and the way a tree leans across a path. With these in mind, he may be turned around many times, but he is seldom lost.

    There are exceptions, of course, and once in a while a man does come across some strange problem that puts him into the “lost” situation. A rainstorm or sudden blizzard may catch him without a compass (指南针) in his pocket. Darkness may find him in a rough area, where travel is dangerous without a light.

    When this happens, the normal first reaction (反应) is the fear of being laughed at as a result of his poor knowledge in the woods. He may also be concerned about the inconvenience that he will cause his friends when he doesn't show up. This false pride may lead him to keep on the move in a false effort to find his way against all difficulties.

    The person who thinks ahead is seldom in great danger. He'll be safe if he observes carefully, thinks ahead, and remains calm.

阅读理解

    Despite what so many people would love to believe, NASA hasn't discovered any evidence of past or present intelligent life on Mars. Therefore, when the Curiosity rover (好奇号探测器) found something suspicious on the Red Planet's surface, they were not only surprised but also a little bit worried.

    The thin fragment(碎片) was suspicious enough to guarantee its own name, with NASA's Curiosity rover team calling it the "Pettegrove Point Foreign Object Debris", named for where it was discovered. With no idea what it was or where it came from, the rover's handlers began to worry that it might actually be a piece of the rover itself, suggesting some unseen damage or other issue with the robot. Thankfully, those concerns seem to have been unfound.

    In a new update from NASA the object has now been identified as a natural piece of rock rather than a piece of any man-made craft or vehicle. The team analyzed the unusual object with a tool called the Chem Cam RMI. The instrument uses a laser (激光器)to sniff out the makeup of anything that is pointed at, and the results for this particular piece of debris revealed that it's actually just a very thin piece of rock.

    NASA describes the inspection: The planning day began with an interesting result from the previous plan's Chem Cam RMI analysis of a target that was referred to as "Pettegrove Point Foreign Object Debris"(PPFOD),and supposed to be a piece of spacecraft debris fact. In fact it was found to be a very thin slice of rock, so we can all rest easy tonight. Curiosity has not begun to shed its skin!

    How this particularly thin sliver of rock got to where it is—and why it seems to be a different colour than the surrounding sand and debris—remains unexplained, but at least the rover isn't falling apart.

阅读理解

    Sweetest Day is always the third Saturday in October. This holiday is much more important in some regions than in others (Detroit, Cleveland and Buffalo being the biggest Sweetest Day cities). It is a holiday that is gaining in popularity every year throughout the country.

    Sweetest Day is celebrated on the third Saturday in October as a day to make someone happy. It is an occasion which offers all of us an opportunity to remember not only the sick, aged, and orphaned, but also friends, relatives and associates whose helpfulness and kindness we have enjoyed.

    Over 60 years ago, a Cleveland man, believing that the city's orphans and shut-ins (卧病在床的人) too often felt forgotten and neglected, formed the idea of showing them that they were remembered. He did this through the distribution(分发) of small gifts. With the help of his friends and neighbors, he distributed these small remembrances on a Saturday in October. During the years that followed, other Clevelanders began to participate in the celebration ceremony, which came to be called "Sweetest Day". In time, the Sweetest Day idea of spreading cheer to the underprivileged(弱势群体)was broadened to include everyone, and became an occasion for remembering others with a kind act or a small remembrance. And soon the idea spread to other cities all over the country.

    Sweetest Day is not based on any single group's religious belief or on a family relationship. It is a reminder that a thoughtful word or deed enriches life and gives it meaning. Because for many people remembering takes the form of gift-giving, Sweetest Day offers us the opportunity to show others that we care, in a practical way.

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