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题型:概要写作 题类:常考题 难易度:困难

江苏省无锡市普通高中2018-2019学年高二上学期英语期末考试试卷

请阅读下面短文,然后按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。

    Water is the driving force of all nature, Leonardo da Vinci claimed. Unfortunately for our planet, water supplies are now running dry at an alarming rate. The world's population continues to increase but that rise in number has not been matched by adequate supplies of fresh water. Reports show that more than a billion individuals — one in seven people on the planet — now lack access to safe drinking water.

    In Sao Paulo, a Brazilian city, drought got so bad that residents began drilling through basement floors and car parks to try to reach groundwater. Officials in this city warned that rationing(配给制)of water supplies was likely soon. Citizens in Sao Paulo might have access to water for only two days a week. In California, US, officials have shown that the state has entered its fourth year of drought. At the same time, its per capita(人均)water use has continued to rise.

【写作内容】

1)用约30词概括上述信息的主要内容;

2)结合上述信息及日常生活,简要分析导致全球淡水资源短缺的主要原因(不少于两点);

3)谈谈在日常生活中我们应如何保护淡水资源(不少于两点)。

【写作要求】

1)写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句;

2)作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称;

3)不必写标题。

【评分标准】

内容完整。语言规范,语篇连贯,词数适当。

举一反三
阅读下面短文,根据所给情节进行续写,使之构成一个完整的故事。

    My brother and I were alone at home because my parents had gone for a meeting and they had left me in charge. I was doing my homework while my younger brother was watching TV. Suddenly the doorbell rang. My younger brother rushed to the door thinking that our parents had come home, he unlocked the door and opened it.

    Outside stood a tall man wearing a black raincoat and black rubber boots. He said he was a salesman and asked politely if out mother or father was at home.

    Without thinking, my brother said:” No.” He asked if we would like to buy some comic books which he was selling. I quickly explained that we were not supposed to buy anything without our parent's permission.

    Then, as I was about to close the door, he forced his way into our house. He took out a knife and forced me to tie up my brother's hands with some rope which he took out form his pocket. I tied up his hands but tied it in a special way so my brother could untie himself. The man then tied my hands up and locked both of us in the kitchen.

    Soon, the went upstairs to search the bedroom for valuables. I managed to teach my brother to untie the rope on the his hands. He then untied me. I rushed to the telephone to call the police, but the line was dead. The doors were all locked from the outside and I did not have the keys to unlock them. Luckily, the robber forgot to lock the kitchen window. My brother managed to get out of the house through the window and I told him to go to the police station nearby and call for help.

注意:

1)所续写短文的词数应为150左右。

2)应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语。

3)续写部分分为两段,每段的开头语已为你写好。

4)续写完成后,请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。

阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60字左右的内容概要。

    In recent years, our parenting culture began to send the message that competence was important for building self-esteem. However, that same parenting culture made a big mistake by telling parents that the way to instill competence in their children was to tell them how competent they were. But here's the problem. Children can't be convinced that they are competent.

    When parents try to convince their children of how competent they are, they often have the exact opposite effect. There is this little thing called reality that children have to confront on a daily basis. When children are faced with the conflict between what their parents had told them about how good they are and what reality is telling them, the result is the bursting of the “You are the best” bubble that their parents blew up for them.

    You can, however, do several things to encourage them to develop their own competence. First, you can give them opportunities in their daily lives to gain a sense of competence, for example, dressing, eating, drawing, cooking, and interacting with others. These daily experiences allow your children to develop specific competencies that will be helpful to them as they progress through childhood and into adulthood.

    Second, you can be sure that they gain the most value from their experiences. You can direct their focus to the competencies that enabled those successes (e.g., “You were really focused and worked hard on that project.”) rather than some generic praise of the accomplishment itself (e.g., “Good job!). And you can praise their accomplishments (e.g., “You must feel so good about your project.”).

    But you shouldn't just focus on the successes because, as every parent knows, as your children develop, they will experience far more failures than successes as they begin to gain competence. How you react often dictates how they will respond to those failures, if you are positive and supportive, your children will get the message that failure is okay and just a part of life.

Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no more than 60 words, Use your own words as far as possible.

    Peter woke up one morning with all the usual signs of a nasty cold: severe headache and blocked nose. Then he did what almost everyone does on a day like this. He got up and went to work. Such is the state of what the human resources industry has come to call presenteeism.

    Many experts claim that presenteeism is now a bigger problem in the UK than absenteeism and could even help explain the country's weak productivity growth. A growing number of companies are realizing presenteeism and doing something about it. This generally takes the form of programmes full of once unimaginable sweets: cheap gym membership, veggie salads in the canteen, stand-up desks and the odd massage, of course, there's nothing against lunchtime dentistry or free workout. They do more good than harm. But such welfares alone won't do much to stop people from presenteeism.

    The chief reasons why people soldier on have nothing to do with how fit they are. They work for leaner, more stressed companies where dismissals are common. This makes some people worried that they will be targeted in the next round of job cut if they have taken a lot of time off. Others worry about troubling stretched colleagues with more work in their absence. How annoying it is to be faced with cold faces when you return to office after two days' rest at home.

There is not much to be said for "silly things" like ping-pong tables and office bean bags. The key to dealing with presenteeism lies in training managers to be better at spotting swifly when employees are under too much stress or ill, and dealing with the situation sensibly—putting the sick employee to sick leave although he is reluctant. Of course, work has to be done to eliminate employee's concern about his job prospect thereof.

阅读下面短文,根据所给情节进行续写,使之构成一个完整的故事。

    One pleasant New Year morning, Edward got up and dressed himself in a hurry. He wanted to be the first to wish everyone a happy New Year. He went into every room, and shouted the words of welcome. Then he ran into the street to repeat them to those he met. When he came back, his father gave him two bright, new silver dollars. His face lighted up as he took them. He had wished for a long time to buy some nice books that he had seen at the bookstore.

    As he ran down the street with a light heart to the bookshop, he saw a poor German family—the father, mother, and three children shivering(发抖) in the cold wind.

    "I wish you a happy New Year," said Edward, as he was happily passing by. The man shook his head. "You do not belong to this country?" asked Edward. The man again shook his head, for he could not understand or speak English. But he pointed to his mouth, and to the children, as if to say, "These little ones have had nothing to eat for a long time." Edward quickly understood that these people were poor and in a very difficult situation and required some help. He took out his dollars, and gave one to the man, and the other to his wife.

    How their eyes sparkled (闪耀)with gratitude! They said something in their language, which doubtlessly meant, "We thank you a thousand times, and will remember you forever."

    When Edward came home, his father asked what books he had bought. He hung his head a moment, but quickly looked up. "I have bought no books," said he, "I gave my money to some poor people, who seemed to be very hungry."

注意:

1)所续写短文的词数应为150左右;

2)至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语;

3)续写部分分为两段,每段的开头语已为你写好;

4)续写完成后,请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。

Paragraph 1:

    "I think I can wait for my books till next New Year," continued he.

Paragraph 2:

    Hearing what his father said and holding the books his father gave him in his arms, Edward felt he was the happiest boy in the world.

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