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题型:阅读理解 题类:常考题 难易度:普通

江苏省盐城市2018-2019学年高一上学期英语期末考试试卷

阅读理解

    Being an astronaut sounds cool, doesn't it? In space, they get to do some pretty amazing things, like floating (漂浮) in zero gravity(重力).

    However, there are also plenty of things that astronauts can't do because of their weightless environment(环境), and that's very sad. What's worse, they can't even let their sadness show -because it's impossible to cry in zero gravity.

    Of course, astronauts can still produce tears. But crying is much more difficult in space, reported The Atlantic in January. Without gravity;tears don't flow downward out of the eyes like they do here on Earth. This means that when you cry in space, your tears have nowhere to go — they just stick to your eyes.

    In May 2011, astronaut Andrew Feustel experienced this during one of his spacewalks. "Tears," he said, "don't fall off your eye...They just kind of stay there."

    Besides making your vision(视觉) unclear, this can also cause physical pain. Back on Earth, tears are supposed to bring comfort to the eyes. But that's not the case in space. The space environment dries out astronauts' eyes, and when tears suddenly wet the eyes, it can cause pain rather than comfort. "My right eye is painful like crazy." Feustel told his teammate during the walk.

    Since gravity doesn't work in space, astronauts need some extra help to get rid of the tears. Feustel chose to rub his eyes against his helmet to wipe the tears away. Another choice is to just wait — "When the tears get big enough they simply break free of the eye and float around," astronaut Ron Parise told The Atlantic.

    There are lots of small things — things like crying — that we are so used to on Earth, we usually take them for granted, until they become a problem in a totally different environment, like space. There, astronauts can't talk to each other directly. They also can't eat or drink in normal ways. They can't even burp (打嗝), because there is no gravity to hold the food down in their stomach. If they do burp, they just end up throwing up (呕吐) everything in their stomach, according to the UK National Space Center.

    Thus, perhaps it's only space explorers who can honestly say, "Gravity, you're the best."

(1)、What can we know from paragraphs 2 and 3?
A、Astronauts are unable to feel sad in space. B、Tears produced in space don't flow downward. C、Astronauts produce fewer tears in space. D、Tears produced in space flow down more slowly.
(2)、What effect do tears have on astronauts?
A、They cause physical pain. B、They bring comfort to them. C、They make their vision clearer. D、They float around and cause trouble.
(3)、What can the astronaut do to get rid of the tears?
A、Get the tears big enough to break away from his eyes. B、Rub his eyes by hand to let the tears float around. C、Get the tears big enough to fall off his eyes. D、Rub his eyes against his helmet to let the tears float forward.
(4)、What's the second-to-last paragraph mainly about?
A、Things that humans can't do without gravity. B、Suggestions on how astronauts can stay comfortable in space. C、Other basic (基本的) things that are difficult to do in space. D、Why burping is impossible in space.
举一反三
任务型阅读

    Everyone wants to be happy, but not everyone can make it. Do you want to have a good mood every day? If so, the following steps will be useful to you.

    Be grateful.

{#blank#}1{#/blank#} They can be simple things like the purple flower on the sidewalk, the beautiful sunset, and the hot shower you take every day. When you have a grateful heart, you'll cherish them and be naturally filled with happiness.

   {#blank#}2{#/blank#}

When you put your mind, heart and soul into what you're doing, you're creating a happiness state—called the "flow". When you're living in the flow, you're less likely to mind what others may think about you, and less bothered by unimportant things. The result? More happiness, of course!

    Become a problem solver.

Happy people are problem solvers.{#blank#}3{#/blank#}Instead, they face up to the challenge and channel their energies into finding a creative solution. By becoming a problem solver, you'll build up your self-confidence and your ability to accomplish whatever you determine to do.

    Practice forgiveness.

Hatred and anger are forms of self-punishment. When you forgive, you're actually practicing kindness to yourself.

{#blank#}4{#/blank#} Everyone makes mistakes. It's through our mistakes that we learn and grow to become a bigger and better person.

Give back.

    Doing good is one of the surest ways to feel good. According to Harvard, when people do good, their brains become active in the very same reward center that is stimulated when they experience other rewards. {#blank#}5{#/blank#}

A. Go with the flow.

B. Focus on what you are doing.

C. And most importantly, learn to forgive yourself.

D. When they face a challenge in life, they don't fall into a sad state.

E. When they meet with difficulties, they will solve them on their own.

F. So It's not a surprise that people who care more about others are happier.

G. Slow down, look around, and pay attention to the little details in your life.

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

    The jobs of the future have not yet been invented. {#blank#}1{#/blank#}. By helping them develop classic skills that will serve them well no matter what the future holds.

1). Curiosity

    Your children need to be deeply curious. {#blank#}2{#/blank#}. Ask kids, “What ingredients (配料) can we add to make these pancakes even better next time ?” and then try them out. Ingredients make the pancakes better? What could we try next time?

2). Creativity

    True creativity is the ability to take something existing and create something new from it. {#blank#}3{#/blank#}. There are a dozen different things you can do with them. Experimenting with materials to create something new can go a long way in helping them develop their creativity.

3). Personal skills

    Understanding how others feel can be a challenge for kids. We know what's going on inside our own head, but what about others? Being able to read people helps kid from misreading a situation and jumping to false conclusions. {#blank#}4{#/blank#}. “Why do you think she's crying?” “Can you tell how that man is feeling by looking at his face?” “If someone were to do that to you, how would you feel?”

4). Self expression

    {#blank#}5{#/blank#} there are many ways to express thoughts and ideas—music, acting, drawing, building, photography. You may find that your child is attracted by one more than another.

A. Encourage kids to cook with you.

B. And we can't forget science education.

C. We can give kids chances to think about materials in new ways.

D. So how can we help our kids prepare for jobs that don't yet exist?

E. Gardening is another great activity for helping kids develop this skill.

F. We can do this in real life or ask questions about characters in stories.

G. Being able to communicate ideas in a meaningful way is a valuable skill.

阅读理解

    Mr. Parker was born in a small village. His father was so poor that he couldn't send him to school. The boy had to help his parents to do some farming and learned English and maths by himself when he was free. Later on he was made to leave his home village and hoped to find a job in a city. And as soon as war broke out, he joined the army. He couldn't forget his terrible past and fought with the enemies bravely. So he became a general when he was fifty. He was honest and friendly to his soldiers and often punished those who tried to pocket a portion of the soldiers' pay (克扣军饷). And his soldiers liked him very much.

    Once Mr. Parker heard from a soldier. In the letter the young man said the food in their military camp was very bad and he wished the general could go to find out the reasons, the old man went there at once, without telling anybody. He went in the kitchen and examined everything carefully and found it was very dirty. Then he went in the soldiers' bedrooms and found there were a lot of fleas. He became angry and asked the soldiers, “What do you think of your food, young men?”

    The soldiers saw their officer standing by the general and said nothing Only a new soldier said, “Very bad, sir!”

    “What did you have for lunch today?” asked Mr. Parker.

    “A fried chicken, some fish and pork, a cake, six eggs and I had three cups of wine.”

    “Really?” Mr. Parker called out in surprise. “It's the King's lunch, I think!”

    “So do I. General,” said the young man. “But it's my birthday today. I paid three hundred dollars for them all in the restaurant!”

阅读理解

    The other day I was shopping at the local Chinese grocery store. There was a line at the fish counter, but only one staff person was there to take care of the customers. Some customers ordered quite an amount of fish for that staff person to work on. At last I was the second in line; all I wanted was a couple of crabs and should get out of there in no time.

    Noticing it was very busy at the fish counter, another staff person came over to help. I was ready to be served,  but the staff person went to the end of the line and began to help a couple of ladies with snails (蜗牛).The customer in front of me, being served, turned around and looked at me sympathetically, and the customer behind me called to the staff person, "You should start her, "pointing at me. He was, well, ignored.

    If someone asked me, "What is the most important rule to follow in America?"I would reply without hesitation, "Wait your turn at all times." Wherever you go here in this country, you will find people waiting in a line quietly to get anything: whether in the supermarkets, department stores, bus stops, or gas stations, it's just a matter of waiting your turn. In a larger sense, "wait your turn" is more than just a guideline﹣it is a very basic norm (准则)that reflects the fundamental value of the western cultures. But in some situations your turn does not always come based on when you get there and how long you have waited in line, just like my case at the store. Even though this did not often happen, it did make me feel upset.

阅读理解

    Exactly five years ago, on New Year's Eve, I was invited to a children's ball by a man high up in the business world, who had his connections, his circle of acquaintances, and his close friends. So it seemed as though the children's ball was merely an excuse for the parents to come together and discuss matters of interest to themselves, quite innocently and casually.

    I was an outsider, and as I had no special matters to express, I was able to spend the evening independently of the others. There was another gentleman present who had just stumbled upon (偶然遇到)this affair of domestic happiness,just like me. He was the first to attract my attention. His appearance was not that of a man of noble birth. He was tall, rather thin, very serious, and well dressed. Obviously he had no heart for the family celebration. The moment he went off into a corner by himself, the smile disappeared from his face, and his thick dark brows knitted into a frown. He knew no one except the host and showed every sign of being bored to death, though bravely keeping the role of thorough enjoyment to the end. Later I learned that he was a provincial, had come to the capital on some important business, had brought a letter of recommendation to our host, and our host had taken him under his protection, not at all with love. It was merely out of politeness that he had invited him to the children's ball.

    They did not play cards with him .They did not offer cigars. Thus , my gentleman , not knowing what to do with his hands , spent the evening stroking his whiskers(胡须). His whiskers were really fine, but he stroked them so eagerly that one got the feeling that the whiskers had come into the world first and afterwards the man, in order to stroke them.

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