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题型:阅读理解 题类:常考题 难易度:普通

山西省太原市2019届高三上学期英语期末考试试卷

阅读理解

    After finishing a meal at an American Chinese restaurant you probably expect to receive a handful of fortune cookies after you pay the bill. Fortune cookies are in Chinese restaurants throughout the United States. It's rather satisfying to crack open a cookie at the end of your meal and read your “lucky fortune” on the slip of paper inside.

    The exact origin of the fortune cookie is unknown. It is thought that the tasty snack was the first introduced into San Francisco in 1914, after an immigrant began distributing the cookie with “thank you” notes in them. These “thank you” notes were intended as symbols of appreciation for friends who stood with him through the economic hardship and discrimination of his early life in America.

    There is an alternate origin story. Los Angeles is regarded as the site of the fortune cookie's invention. In this version of the story, David Jung, a Chinese immigrant residing in L. A., is thought to have created the cookie in order to uplift the spirits of the poor and homeless. In 1918, Jung handed out the cookies for free to the poor outside his shop and each cookie contained a strip of paper with an inspirational sentence printed on it.

    Fortune cookies first began to gain popularity in mainstream American culture during WWII. Chinese restaurants would serve them in place of desserts, as desserts were not popular in traditional Chinese cuisine. Today fortune cookies are not tied to Chinese-American culture. In fact, the largest fortune cookie manufacturer is located in the United States and it produces 4.5 million fortune cookies a day —— an evidence to the modern-day popularity of the snack. However, an attempt to introduce the fortune cookie to China in 1992 was a failure, and the cookie was cited for being “too American.”

    So the next time you break open a fortune cookie and read a fortune about the many successes you should expect in your future, remember that the conclusion to your Chinese restaurant meal may not be as Chinese as you think.

(1)、What do we know about fortune cookies?
A、They are as popular in China as in America. B、They contain slips of paper with good wishes. C、They first appeared in America during WWII. D、They are often charged to the customers' bill.
(2)、Why were fortune cookies introduced into San Francisco?
A、To make profit. B、To express gratitude. C、To uplift people's spirits. D、To help people out of hardship.
(3)、Which of the following sentences may be found Jung' s cookies?
A、The fortune you seek is in another cookie. B、Every exit is an entrance to new experiences. C、I'm being held prisoner by a Chinese bakery. D、Only taste fortune cookies; disregard all others.
(4)、What can be a suitable title for the text?
A、A Symbol of Chinese Culture B、Chinese Restaurants in America C、Can fortune cookie tell your fortune? D、Fortune cookie, Chinese or American?
举一反三
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处得最佳选项,选项中有两个选项为多余选项。

How to stay in a good mood

    It's typical to feel your mood starting to become bad. If you want to be able to stay in a good mood, then you have to form these habits that will keep you feeling happy.

1)Don't take love for granted.

    If you're lucky enough to have a special someone, then you should make your time together meaningful.{#blank#}1{#/blank#}Make time to spend time with your special someone. Being around your loved one has been proven to make people happier.

2)Get regular exercise.

    Regular exercise is one of the most important habits that you need to form.{#blank#}2{#/blank#}You can go running three times a week and walk the other four. Just make sure to be as active as you can every day.

3)Spend time with your friends.

    {#blank#}3{#/blank#}Of course, don't always hang out with friends when you have a free moment. Make sure you do make time to see friends at least once or twice a week, if you can.

4)Get enough sleep.

    {#blank#}4{#/blank#}One of the easiest ways to stay in a good mood is to be well-rested. Waking up feeling full of energy will make you feel much more ready to face the day and much more excited about everything ahead of you.

5){#blank#}5{#/blank#}

    If you want to stay in a good mood, then you have to make sure that you eat three healthy and diverse meals every day. Start off with a healthy breakfast, and don't skip this meal no matter what things happen. Have light snacks throughout the day, like yogurt or fruit, to keep you energetic.

A. Make sure that you sleep for 7-8 hours a day.

B. Have a healthy eating schedule.

C. Do begin with a healthy breakfast in the morning.

D. However, you don't have to do the same boring old thing every day.

E. Once you start exercising, do the same sports at the regular time every day.

F. Don't stop doing the things you love with the person you love.

G. Hanging out with friends will keep you feeling alive

阅读理解

Mobile World Congress

    Mobile World Congress (MWC) is the world's biggest and best mobile industry event consisting of a big exhibition, an award-winning conference, outstanding networking opportunities and the Glomo Awards.

    Who is MWC for?

    MWC is a B2B event for anyone and everyone in mobile and those in nearby industries who want to discover how mobile technology can benefit their industries. In short, anyone in business will find relevant learning and networking opportunities to make the trip to Barcelona worthwhile.

    Where does MWC take place?

    Mobile World Congress takes place each year in the Mobile World Capital Barcelona, Spain, at twolocations: Fira Gran Via and Fira Montjuic. Fira Gran Via is a cutting-edge exhibition and conference facility(场所)located just 10 km from the Barcelona airport. The physical address of it is:

    Fira Graft Via Av. Joan Carles I, 64 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona

    Unless otherwise noted, all events take place at Fira Gran Via. However, selected events, including 4YFN, will take place at Fira Montjuic, a historical location 4 km down the road.

    Fira Montjuic Avda. Reina Maria Cristina, s/n 08004 Barcelona

    Please do not send any MWC materials or shipments to the above addresses as they will be refused.

    When is it?

    Mobile World Congress occurs at die end of February each yea£. Our 2017 event will begin Monday, 27 February and continue through Thursday, 2 March, If you're planning your travel now, note we encourage attendees to arrive in Barcelona and collect their badges (徽章) over the weekend before the event, 25-26 February.

根据短文内容,选择最佳答案,并将选定答案的字母标号填在题前括号内。

阅读理解

    Have you been told you have penicillin allergy? Did your parents tell you that you had a reaction as an infant or child, so you should never take it again? Has it been so long since you had a reaction to penicillin that you don't remember what happened? If you fit any of these descriptions or are just not sure if you have penicillin allergy, there's good news for you: Chances are, you probably don't have it.

    Between 10 to 20 percent of Americans believe they have a penicillin allergy, but a recent study at Mayo Clinic found that only 10 percent of those people are truly penicillin allergic. In other words, 9 out of 10 people who think they have penicillin allergy are avoiding it for no reason. Even in people with documented allergy to penicillin, only about 20 percent are still allergic 10 years after their initial allergic reaction. It's not necessarily a permanent condition.

    Why is this important? Aren't there many other antibiotics you can use if you have penicillin allergy? Penicillin has been around since 1928. Penicillin and its related medicines include amoxicillin, methicillin and amoxicillin-clavulnate. These medicines are highly effective treatments for many bacterial infections, such as strep throat and ear infections. Of course, there are alternative antibiotics, but these are often much more expensive and carry a higher risk of side effects. Typically, these alternative antibiotics are broad-spectrum, meaning they fight many types of bacteria, both good and bad. That can lead to development of drug-resistant bacteria, or deadly “superbugs”. This increases the risk for all of us in the future of not having an effective antibiotic to treat our infection.

    How do you find out if you have penicillin allergy? Board-certified allergists can test you. First, the allergist will get a history from you about your possible allergy. Typical questions include: How long ago did you have the reaction? What type of reaction occurred, and how soon after you took the penicillin did the reaction appear? The testing is done on the forearm by pricking the skin with a needle. If the results are negative and there is no reaction, penicillin will be injected in the skin. These tests are not painful, and results are available in 15 minutes. A positive reaction may lead to some swelling and itching where the test was placed, which usually goes away within an hour.

    In very rare cases, an allergic reaction occurs. This can include hives, swelling, wheezing and/or difficulty breathing. The allergist is trained to treat this rare condition quickly if it happens. If all skin testing is negative, you may be given an oral dose of penicillin in the office. The oral drug challenge is used to verify that you don't have penicillin allergy. Usually, you'll be observed in the office for 30 minutes to make sure you have no problems.

    If you find out you don't have a penicillin allergy, notify your physicians that it's now safe for you to take penicillin. They can take “penicillin allergy” off your chart for good!

阅读理解

    Diet Coke, diet Pepsi, diet pills, no-fat diet, vegetable diet… We are surrounded by the word "diet" everywhere we look and listen. We have so easily been attracted by the promise and potential of diet products that we have stopped thinking about what diet products are doing to us. We are paying for products that harm us psychologically and physically.

    Diet products significantly weaken us psychologically. On one level, we are not allowing our brain to admit that our weight problems lie not in actually losing the weight, but in controlling the consumption of fatty, high-calorie, unhealthy foods. Diet products allow us to jump over the thinking stage and go straight for the scale(秤)instead. All we have to do is to swallow or recognize the word "diet" in food labels.

    On another level, diet products have greater psychological effects. Every time we have a zero-calorie drink, we are telling ourselves without our awareness that we don't have to work to get results. Diet products make people believe that gain comes without pain, and that life can be without resistance and struggle.

    The danger of diet products lies not only in the psychological effects they have on us, but also in the physical harm that they cause. Diet foods can indirectly harm our bodies because consuming them instead of healthy foods means we are preventing our bodies from having basic nutrients. Diet foods and diet pills contain zero calorie only because the diet industry has created chemicals to produce these wonder products. Diet products may not be nutritional, and the chemicals that go into diet products are potentially dangerous.

    Now that we are aware of the effects that diet products have on us, it is time to seriously think about buying them. Losing weight lies in the power of minds, not in the power of chemicals. Once we realize this, we will be much better able to resist diet products, and therefore prevent the psychological harm that comes from using them.

阅读短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。

    (CNN)—This photograph of two men sharing a drink 30 meters below the water is part of an art project exploring the mysterious world of freediving—a form of underwater diving that relies on a diver's ability to hold his or her breath until resurfacing rather than on the use of oxygen tanks (氧气瓶).

    Each man, dressed in shirt, jeans and sunglasses, sits in a chair at the bottom of the Caribbean Sea with local sharks—harmless to humans—swimming just meters away. Of course, these aren't ordinary men, but freedivers: extreme athletes who dive on a single breath of air.

    American photographer Lia Barrett had been taking pictures of brave divers competing at the Caribbean Cup off the coast of Honduras, when she decided to create a fantastic underwater world in which humans go about everyday tasks—such as drinking coffee or riding bikes.

    "After the competitors had a great time in the new national and world records set at the competition, I took advantage of their breath-holding skills to do photo shoots I had only dreamed of before," said the 29-year-old.

    Perhaps unsurprisingly, Barrett is often asked whether the amazing pictures are Photoshopped. She laughs quietly as she insists they're 100% real.

    The picture of two men having coffee took 50 minutes to create, with the men receiving oxygen from standby assistants around every three minutes.

    "On the way back up, we were holding onto the table during our decompression (减压) stop in the strong current (水流)—it was quite a scene."

    The underwater models made an 11-minute stop on the way back to the surface, making sure they didn't rise too quickly and suffer decompression sickness—which can cause deadly blackouts (眩晕).

阅读理解

    The importance of reading literature often seems lost on many Chinese people. Even experts in education think that the first goal of education is to encourage a love of learning. There is therefore the possibility of something wrong with the way students are taught here.

    Why should they read literature? Do stories have value compared with the reading and learning of facts? Studies show clearly that the most powerful ways of learning are by experience, action and doing experiments and taking risks. Yet there are so many important things to learn that cannot be learned in these ways: feelings, problem solving, danger and relationships, for example. Research into this has shown how deep reading is a valuable experience different to a learning of words or facts. Keen(热心的) readers of -literature show a better understanding of others. Their abilities to make good decisions are raised. Young children who enjoy a parent reading stories to them show greater awareness(意识) when they reach school age.

    The best schools do seem to provide a limited (有限的) chance to enjoy literature, usually about the Chinese classic stories but there is not enough "free" time for students. There are enough reading materials (材料). Chinese book shops are full of story books, and most of them are of good quality (质量) in terms of content, plot (情节) and language. Was there not a Chinese author who received a Nobel Prize for literature recently? There are moves in Chinese education to promote (提升) decision making and shared values. The value of literature is helpful to these as well as to the future of China.

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