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题型:阅读理解 题类:常考题 难易度:普通

吉林省“五地六校”合作2018-2019学年高二上学期英语期末考试试卷(B)

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    Best Travel Guides by Continent

    We've broken down (分类)the best travel guides, by continent, to help you find student discounts and travel like a local on your next adventure.

    Europe—let's Go Europe 2019: The Students Travel Guide

    Let's Go was founded about 56 years ago when a Harvard student had an idea to provide accessible, budget travel tips for young people. Students love its amusing pages. let's Go Europe 2018 has everything you need for your trip—from the best beer in Brussels to how to avoid the lines at the Louvre.

    Africa—The Rough Guide to Cape Town, the Winelands, and the Garden Route

    With its colorful photos and detailed tips on how to make the most of South Africa, The Rough Guide is the book to get when visiting Africa. You may not have access to Google Maps when you're out exploring but that's OK. The Rough Guide also comes with easy use to maps. It can be purchased as an eBook, or as a paperback (平装本).

    Asia—Lonely Planet: South –East Asia on a Shoestring

    This guide is perfect for those backpacking through the hidden treasures of South-East Asia. With detailed recommendations from experts in the area, this guide helps first-times as well as experienced backpackers. This book can be purchased as a paperback travel guide. A download for an eBook or separate chapters can be purchased to serve as a guide to specific cities.

    North America—Lonely Planet USA Travel Guide

    With detailed reviews of the best places to eat, sleep, and explore, Lonely Planet is linked with budget-friendly attractions and that is why it makes our best travel guides list. This travel guide is available in paperback.

(1)、What is the common character of the four travel guides?

A、They are all expensive. B、They are intended for students. C、They all have a very long history. D、They are all available online.
(2)、Which travel guide can be downloaded partly online?

A、let's Go Europe 2019: The Students Travel Guide. B、The Rough Guide to Cape Town, the Winelands, and the Garden Route. C、Lonely Planet USA Travel Guide. D、Lonely Planet: South –East Asia on a Shoestring.
(3)、Why does the author recommend Lonely Planet USA Travel Guide?

A、It contains recommendations from experts. B、It introduces the attractions in an amusing style. C、It has colorful photos and vivid travel videos. D、It provides cheap but attractive travel destinations.
举一反三
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    For as long as we've known about it, humans have searched for a cure for cancer. Across the world, countless amounts of time and money have been spend on researching a way to stop the terrible disease.

    But now, it seems like the answer could have been inside our own bodies the whole time.

    Recently, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the US, a government agency that's responsible for healthcare, approved a new form of gene therapy that could mean the end of a certain type of cancer.

    The therapy allows scientists to 'train” the immune cells of sick patients to fight leukemia – a blood cancer that mostly affects young people.

    The exciting new treatment works by removing healthy immune cells from the patient, known as T-cells, which are then altered to be able to “hunt down” cancer cells.

    The cells are then put back into the patient, before they begin to get rid of the patient's leukemia over time, similar to how the body fights off other illnesses.

    'this is truly an exciting new day for cancer patients,” Louis J. DeGennaro, president of the Leukemia and Lymphoma Society, said in a news release. Up until now, a drawn-out (持续很久时间的)and painful bone marrow transplant was the only option for many leukemia patients.

    In this procedure, healthy blood cells are taken from a donor and placed into the sick patient, who also has to go through chemotherapy to allow their body to adjust to the new cells.

    But with a recovery rate of around 83 percent–according to a news release published by the FDA–it's hoped that the days of painful trips to the hospital, or even death, are over for leukemia sufferers.

    “We're entering a new frontier in medical innovation with the ability to reprogram a patient's own cells to attack a deadly cancer,” FDA commissioner Scott Gottlieb said in the release.

    “New technologies such as gene and cell therapies hold the potential to transform medicine and... our ability to treat and even cure many intractable(难治的) illnesses.”

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    Welcome to SummerCamps.com; find and book the very best summer camps. Your children are precious so we offer the highest quality of camps that will meet each child's needs and interests.

    Catalina Sea Camp

    Sea Camp offers three one-week sessions to boys and girls aged 8-13 and two three-week sessions to teens aged 12-17. Our hand-picked instructors create an atmosphere of fun and excitement while leading campers to a host of ocean adventures, marine(海洋的) biology, and social summer camp activities.

    Address: Toyon Way, San Bruno, California 94066

    Phone: 800-645-1423

    Camp Cayuga

    Camp Cayuga is a private summer camp for children aged 6 to 16. The camp is on a 350-acre land in the Pocono Mountains of Northeast Pennsylvania, just outside the village of Honesdale. It's a 3-hour drive from New York City and Philadelphia.

    Address: 321 Niles Pond Road-Suite ISC, Honesdale, Pennsylvania 18431

    Phone: 908-470-1224

    Camp Rockmont

    Camp Rockmont is a Christian summer camp for boys, aged 6-16, in the Blue Ridge Mountains of North Carolina. Rockmont's duty of developing boys into healthy young men is accomplished through age-appropriate skills, activities, and challenges that help campers to know themselves better.

    Address: 375 Lake Eden Road, Black Mountain, North Carolina 28711

    Phone: 828-686-3885

    Primitive Pursuits Overnight Camps

    Primitive Pursuits Overnight Camps offer week-long Summer Adventure Overnight Camps in New York's Finger Lakes to your children aged 11-15. Campers experience a week of nature-based skills training, inspiring challenges, and fun activities under the guidance of skilled instructors.

    Address: 611 County Rd 13, Van Etten, New York 14889

    Phone: 607-272-2292

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    2018 FIRST Robotics Competition Game—FIRST POWER UPSM

    The adventure begins on January 6, 2018. Play for real! Combining the excitement of sport with the rigors(严酷)of science and technology. We call FIRST Robotics Competition the ultimate Sport for the Mind. High-school student participants call it “the hardest fun you'll ever have”.

    Team Basics

    The really cool thing about FIRST Robotics Competition is that all skill levels are welcomed and needed, technical or non-technical. Read more about team basics, time frame, commitment, and skills required.

    Cost & Registration

    What does it cost to participate? There are costs involved with forming a FIRST Robotics Competition team and they can vary from team to team and region to region depending on what level of participation the team chooses.

Here are some basic cost standards:

    There are never any “per student” fees; all costs for individual team members are assumed by the team as a group.

    The annual fees for team registration, a robot kit of parts, and event participation are $5,000—$6,000. Additional costs for travel, food, team shirts and other optional items will vary.

    Scholarships

    A big advantage of participating in FIRST is gaining access to millions in college scholarships made available by colleges, universities, and corporations who support FIRST. This is exclusive financial help open only to FIRST team members, giving them a competitive leg up on other students seeking educational funds.

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    A walk through the galleries of Quebec's Montreal Museum of Fine Arts (MMFA) places individuals face-to-face with some 43,000 artworks ranging from Chinese ceramics(陶瓷制品) to Inuit sculpture.

    While the visiting is an incredible cultural experience, a group of local physicians will soon be able to prescribe(开处方) museum visits as treatment for some illnesses.

"We know that art contributes to neural(神经的) activity," said MMFA director Nathalie Bondil. "What we see is that being in contact with art can really help your well-being."

Hélène Boyer, vice president of a Montreal-based medical association, explains that museum visits have been shown to increase levels of serotonin, a neurotransmitter(神经传导物质) known as the "happy chemical" which helps to lift mood.

    According to Boyer, the small increase in hormones(荷尔蒙)associated with enjoying an afternoon of art is similar to that offered by exercise, making museum prescriptions ideal for the elderly experiencing pain that prevents them from regularly joining in physical activity.

    The museum visits are designed to improve traditional methods. As Bondil notes, spending time in a peaceful environment can provide a welcome distraction. "What is most important is this experience can help them escape from their own pain," she says. "When you enter the museum, you escape from the speed of our daily life."

    "I am convinced that in the 21st century, culture will be what physical activity was for health in the 20th century," said Bondil. "Some people would do well to recall that just in the 19th century, sports were believed to do harm to the body. Just as doctors now prescribe exercise, they will be able to prescribe a visit to the MMFA."

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Why Mars (火星) is New Settlement

    Is it possible to live on other planets? The United States government is taking a serious look at the moon and Mars as potential places for future human settlement. The moon could serve as a training ground for later journeys to Mars. Currently, with Mars becoming the eventual long-term goal, serious questions exist as to whether the dangers of the settlement on the moon are too extreme and unnecessary.

    One major reason the settlement on the moon is too dangerous is the difference between the atmosphere environment of the moon and Mars. Atmosphere is important because it protects humans and all other life from a continuous attack of radiation (辐射) caused by sources such as the sun. This radiation is especially dangerous to humans because it increases the risk of cancer and can negatively change DNA. The fact that the moon has no atmosphere can cause great harm to human beings. Although Mars' atmosphere is significantly thinner than Earth's, at least it has one and would create some sort of protective barrier for humans.

    Another important characteristic necessary for human settlement is natural resources like water, of which the moon is believed to have none. Mars, however, contains vast quantities of water ice, dry ice, and also snow. There is also sufficient evidence that water once existed at the surface of Mars and might return in the future if the planet warms. With increased technologies, the potential for settlers to remain on Mars by being increasingly self-sufficient makes Mars a much more attractive goal as the space settlement than the moon.

    Future settlers will not only benefit from potential water on Mars; the planet is also rich in other natural resources such as oxygen, hydrogen, and minerals, which can be well used in productive ways.  For example, hydrogen can be used as fuel, and it can be combined with nitrogen (氮气) to form new materials necessary for human settlement. Due to these advantages,

    Mars would be a more successful planet for exploration and settlement because it contains the basic resources necessary for humans to survive.

    Since the environment of Mars is more similar to that of Earth and it contains resources necessary to  help  life  exist,  it should  be  the  only option for any kind of long-term human settlement. The settlement on Mars would not only be a milestone in space but also an excellent chance for mankind to improve itself from past adventures on Earth and preserve and make the best use of the natural resources Mars has to offer.

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