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题型:阅读理解 题类:常考题 难易度:普通

吉林省延边第二中学2018-2019学年高二上学期英语第二次阶段考试试卷

阅读理解

    Many independent Chinese women like to earn their own bread, even if their husbands are already bringing home the bacon. But a recent survey suggests that such women find more joy from relationships, rather than successful careers.

    About 73 percent of the 7,000 women surveyed in Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou said they would choose to work even if their husbands earned enough for the family. The survey also found that 77 percent define happiness as "enjoying a relationship".

    But striking a balance between career and family can bring challenges to the woman's career advancement.

    "In my company, women usually have an equal or even a higher starting salary than men," said Li Hua, general manager of Beijing Chuangjiashe Book Circulation Company. "However, as they begin to climb up the career ladder, women often meet problems along the way, while men can climb the ladder more easily."

    Both physical and emotional differences can prevent some women from taking tough positions, Li said. But family life is often the main difficulty for Chinese career women.

    Despite these challenges, however, some experts believe it's reasonable for some women to want to be breadwinners.

    "In this way, the roles of a family are decided by the parents' abilities rather than their gender(性别)," said Gu Donghui, a sociology professor at Fudan University.

    Gu says women should have the freedom to decide if they want to stay at home or work to support the family. "Everyone has a different interpretation(解释)of what it means to find self-worth".

    Wang Haibin, an economic expert from Renmin University shares that view: "Traditionally, we tend to regard the family as the cell unit of society. Some members have always been expected to make sacrifices for it. But, it really doesn't matter who earns more. Economic independence and personal choice is essential for both sexes in the family."

(1)、What brings career women more joy and happiness according to the passage?

A、Relationships B、Money C、Challenges D、Successful careers
(2)、What's the main problem that career women meet while working?

A、Physical difference B、Tough positions C、Family life D、The career ladder
(3)、Some women want to be breadwinners probably because ______.

A、their families are poor B、they have a lot of children C、their husbands do not work D、they want to show their self-worth
(4)、Who should make sacrifice for the family according to the passage?

A、The wife B、Either of them C、The husband D、Neither of them
举一反三
阅读理解

Ireland,Japan,Chinascientists share the 2015 Nobel Prize for medicine.WilliamCampbell,Satoshi Omuraand Tu Youyou jointly won the prize for their work against diseases,theaward-giving body said on Monday.

Tu Youyou, a scientist at the China Academy of Chinese MedicalSciences, has no postgraduate degree. She has never studied or done researchabroad. She is neither a member of the Chi­nese Academy of Sciences nor theChinese Academy of Engineering. However, the 81-year-old phar­macologist hasbecome the first scientist on the Chinese mainland to win a Lasker Award, themedical prize of the Albert and Mary Lasker Foundation.

The Lasker Awards have existed since 1945. Tu was presented the2011 Lasker Clinical Medical Research Award on September 23. She discovered adrug called artemisinin . The drug is now widely used against malaria .

Tu and her colleagues joined a government project to find a newmalaria drug in the late 1960s during the "cultural revolution"(1966-76).  They made 380 herbal extractsfrom 200 potential recipes. The recipes came from traditional Chinese medicalbooks. The team then tested them on malaria-infected mice.  Finally Tu became interested in an extract ofthe plant qinghao, or sweet wormwood .

According to an ancient Chinese medicine book, qinghao was onceused to treat malaria. However, the extract they made in the lab didn't workwell. Maybe, thought Tu, the effective ingredient in qinghao was destroyed byhigh temperatures. Therefore, Tu tried to make the extract with an ether whichhas a much lower boiling point than water.

In 1971, after more than 190 failures, Tu finally got an extractthat was 100 percent effective against the malaria para­sites .The extract wascalled qinghaosu, later renamed artemisinin.

According to a statement on the Lasker Foundation website,during the past four decades, Tu's drug has saved millions of lives. It isespecially important for children in the poorest and least developed parts ofthe world. However, not many people knew of the scientist until she won theLasker Award this month.

Lasker Awards are known as "America's Nobels" for thereason that in the last two decades, 28 Lasker Prize winners have gone on toreceive the Nobel Prize, and 80 since 1945, according to Xinhua News Agency.

" The discovery of artemisinin is a gift to mankind fromtraditional Chinese medicine," Tu said when she received the a-ward."Continuous exploration and development of traditional medicine will,without doubt, bring more medicines to the world.

阅读理解Mini  Book  Excerpts(节选)

Biography

    When Salinger learned that a car park was to be built on the land , the middle-aged writer was shocked and quickly bought the neighboring area to protect it… The townspeople never forgot the rescue and came to help their most famous neighbor.

    J. D.  Salinger:A  Life by Kenneth Slawenski(Random House,$27)

Mystery(疑案小说)

     “You're a smart boy.  Benny's death was no accident, and you're the only who saw it happen. Do you think the murderer should get away with it ? ”The boy was starting stubbornly at his lap again.

    A thought suddenly occurred to Annika ,“Did you …You recognized the man in the car , didn't you?”

    The boy hesitated, twisting his fingers ,“Maybe ,”he said quietly.

    Red Wolf by Liza Marklund(Atria Books, $25. 99)

Short Stories

    She wants to say to him what she has learned , none of it in class. Some women are borm stupid,and some women are too smart for their own good. Some women are born to give ,and some women only know how to take.  Some women learn who they want to be from their mothers,some who they don't want to be.  Some mothers suffer so their daughters won't.  Some mothers love so their daughters won't.

    You Are Free by Danzy Senna (Riverhead Books,$15)

Humor

    Do your kids like to have fun? Come to Fun  Times! Do you like to watch your kids having fun? Bring them to Fun Times! Fun Times! 's “amusement cycling ”is the most fun you can have , legally , in the United States right now. Why spend thousands of dollars flying to Disney World when you can spend less than half to that within a day's drive lf most cities?

    Happy And Other Bad Thoughts by Larry Doyle(Ecco,$14. 99)

阅读理解

    Self-driving vehicles(车辆) will rely on cameras, sensors and artificial intelligence (人工智能) to recognize and respond to road and traffic conditions, but sensing is the most effective for objects and movement in the neighborhood of the vehicle. Not everything important in a car's environment will be caught by the vehicle's camera. Another vehicle approaching at high speed on a collision (碰撞) track might not be visible until it's too late. This is why vehicle-to-vehicle communication is undergoing rapid development. Our research shows that cars will need to be able to chat and cooperate on the road, although the technical challenges are still great.

    The usages of vehicle-to-vehicle communication contain vehicles driving together in a row, as well as safety messages about nearby emergency vehicles. Vehicles could alert each other to avoid collisions or share notices about passers-by and bicycles. From as far as several hundred metres away, vehicles could exchange messages with one another or receive information from roadside units(RSUs)about nearby incidents or dangerous road conditions through 4G network. A high level of AI seems required for such vehicles, not only to self-drive from A to B, but also to react intelligently to messages received. Vehicles will need to plan, reason, strategize and adapt according to information received in real time and to carry out cooperative behaviors. For example, a group of autonomous vehicles might avoid a route together because of possible risks, or a vehicle could decide to drop someone off earlier due to messages received, a foreseen crowding ahead.

    Further applications(应用) of vehicle-to-vehicle communication are still being researched, including how to perform cooperative behavior.

阅读理解

    In his research work, Philosophical Investigations(哲学调查), Ludwig Wittgenstein tries to clarify(澄清)some of the problems in people's thinking about how the mind works.

    Imagine, he says, that everyone has a small box in which they keep a beetle(甲壳虫). No one is allowed to look in anyone else's box, only in their own. Over time, people talk about what is in their boxes and the word “beetle” comes to stand for what is in everyone's box. Through this example, Wittgenstein point out that the beetle is very much like an individual's(个体的)mind; no one can know exactly what it is like to be another person or experience things from another's point of view—look in someone else's “box”—but it is general considered that the mental working of another person's mind is very similar to that of our own. However, it does not really matter—he argues—what is in the box or whether everyone indeed has a beetle, since there is no way of checking or comparing. In a sense, the word “beetle” simply means “what is in the box”. From this point of view, the mind is simply “what is in the box”, or rather “what is in your head”.

    Wittgenstein considers language to have meaning because of public usage. In other words, when we talk of having a mind—or a beetle—we are using a term that we have learned through conversation. The concept might be perceived(感知)differently in each of our minds, so the word “mind” cannot be used to refer specifically to some entity(本质)outside of our own conception(概念), since we cannot see into other people's boxes.

阅读理解

    There are many events you can do in our city. Now have a look at them.

    Mindfulness Meditation(冥想): Learn how just five minutes a day of meditation can benefit emotional, mental and physical health. The Hernando County Public Library System will host this seminar, which introduces some meditation techniques. Presented by Diana Reed of Gaya Jyoti Yoga. 1:30 pm to 2:30 pm. Free. S. T. Foggia Branch Library, 6335 Blackbird Ave, Spring Hill.(352)754-4043.

    Book Discussion Group: Each month, the group discusses a new book. The group is designed for adults. This month's book is The End of Your Life Book Club by Will Schwalbe. Contact the library for a copy of the book and discussion questions. 1:45 pm to 3: 15 pm. Free. Harold G. Zopp Memorial Library, 9220 Spring Hill Drive, Spring Hill.(352)754-4043.

    What to Do When Your Landscape Sleeps: Seminar participants will learn how to care for a landscape during the cool season and prepare it for spring and summer. 10: 30 am. Free. Harold G. Zopp Memorial Library, 9220 Spring Hill Drive, Spring Hill.(352)540-6230.

    Writers Workshop: The group meets every other Thursday. All levels of experience from beginners to published authors are welcome. Bring pen and paper. 1 pm to 3 pm. Free. East Hernando Branch Library, 6457 Windmere Road, Ridge Manor West.(352)754-4043.

    Low-cost Pet Vaccination(预防接种)Clinic: Sponsored by the Florida International Teaching Zoo veterinary(兽医)staff. Vaccinations are administered by a veterinarian. 6: 30 pm to 7: 30 pm. Rabies vaccinations for dogs and cats are $ 7. Tractor Supply Go. , 18471 Cortez Blvd, Brooksville. (352) 867-7788.

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