修改时间：2024-07-13 浏览次数：251 类型：期末考试
Jane Goodall was born in Bournemouth, England, on April 3, 1934. As a child, she had a natural love for the outdoors and animals. When Jane was about eight she read the Tarzan and Dr. Dolittle series and, in love with Africa, dreamed of traveling to work with the animals.
Finally, at age 23, she left for Nairobi, Kenya. There, Jane met famed Dr. Louis Seymour Bazett Leakey, who offered her a job at the local natural history museum. She worked there for a time before Leakey decided to send her to the Gombe Stream Game Reserve in Tanzania to study wild chimpanzees. He felt her strong interest in animals and nature, and her knowledge as well as high energy made her a great candidate to study the chimpanzees.
In December 1958, Jane returned home to England and Leakey began to make arrangements for the expedition (考察), securing the appropriate permissions from the government and raising funds. In May 1960, Jane learned that Leakey had gained funding from the Wilkie Brothers Foundation.
Jane arrived by boat at the Gombe Stream Game Reserve on the eastern shore of Lake Tanganyika with her mother. The early weeks at Gombe were challenging. Jane developed a fever that delayed the start of her work. Finally, an older chimpanzee named David Greybeard, began to allow Jane to watch him. As a high ranking male of the chimpanzee community, his acceptance meant other group members also allowed Jane to observe. It was David Greybeard whom Jane first witnessed using tools. Excited, she telegraphed Dr. Leakey about her observation. He wrote back, “Now we must redefine 'tool, ' and 'man, ' or accept chimpanzees as humans.”
Jane continued to work in the field and, with Leakey's help, began her doctoral program without an undergraduate degree in 1962. At Cambridge University, she found herself at odds with senior scientists over the methods she used — how she had named the chimpanzees rather than using the more common numbering system, and for suggesting that the chimps have emotions and personalities. She further upset those in power at the university when she wrote her first book, My Friends, the Wild Chimpanzees, aimed at the general public rather than an academic audience. The book was wildly popular, and her academic peers were outraged. Dr. Jane Goodall earned her Ph.D. on February 9, 1966, and continued to work at Gombe for the next twenty years.
Thirty-two cases of illegal hunting or trading wild animals have been uncovered involving 33 suspects since a crackdown against illegal wildlife trade was launched on April 10.
Beijing police seized 74 wild animals grouped in China into the first-grade and second-grade state protected animals, including African grey parrots and cockatoos, as well as nearly 50 wild birds and 21 pangolin scales.
On April 16, police in the capital city's Chaoyang district caught two suspects, who were respectively identified as Liu and Wang, for buying wild animals, and recovered more than 40 wild birds, including one cockatoo and one African grey parrot, at their homes, the statement said, adding the two suspects have been detained (拘留).
In another case, a 35-year-old man surnamed Hu was also sentenced to imprisonment in Daxing district after he was found selling wild animals through QQ, a popular instant messaging tool in the country. He was caught on April 14.
The bureau highlighted the importance of protecting the wildlife, noting Chinese laws and a new decision adopted by the nation's top legislature (立法机关) have also shown the country's determination against illegal trade of wild animals.
The Chinese Criminal Law clarifies that those illegally hunting, buying, selling or transporting wild animals on the state protection list, endangered animals or the wildlife-related products will face an imprisonment of more than 10 years and fines if their behaviors are identified as “extremely serious”.
On Feb 24, the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, the country's top legislative body, also passed the decision that clearly states all wildlife on the protection list of the existing Wild Animal Protect Law or other laws, and all wild animals, including those artificially bred and farmed, are not permitted to be hunted or traded.
With the strict crackdown campaign against illegal trade of wild animals on the go in Beijing, the whole nation is attaching great importance to wild life protection.
An international team of scientists has discovered a stellar black hole in Earth's “cosmic backyard” containing the mass of 70 suns.
It's a black hole that forms after stars die, collapse, and explode. Researchers had long believed that the size limit was only 20 times the mass of our sun because as these stars die, they lose most of their mass through explosions that force matter and gas swept away by stellar winds.
This theory has now been toppled by LB-1, the newly discovered black hole. Located about 15,000 light years away, it has a mass 70 times greater than our sun, according to a press release from the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
“Black holes of such mass should not even exist in our galaxy (星系), according to most of the present models of stellar evolution,” said Liu Jifeng, head of the team that made the discovery.
“LB-1 is twice as massive as what we thought possible. Now theorists will have to take up the challenge of explaining its formation.”
Scientists are now scratching their heads at how LB-1 got so huge.
The team has proposed some theories. LB-1's sheer size suggests that it “was not formed from the collapse of only one star,” the study said — instead, it could potentially be two smaller black holes orbiting each other.
Another possibility is that it formed from “fallback supernova (超行星).” This is when a supernova — the last stage of an exploding star — ejects (喷射) material during the explosion, which then falls back into the supernova, creating a black hole. This fallback formation is theoretically possible, but scientists have never been able to prove or observe it.
There are several types of black holes and stellar black holes like LB-1 are on the smaller side, according to NASA. Supermassive black holes are much bigger — they can be billions of times the mass of our sun.
Scientists believe supermassive black holes may have connection with the formation of galaxies, as they often exist at the center of the mass star stems but it is still not clear exactly how, or which form first.
Besides being fun, well-managed festivals and events offer a host of economic and social benefits to communities. There are risks and costs related to the effort.
Festivals attract visitors and boost the economy. On-site spending includes admission fees, parking fees, food, beverage and souvenir sales — and more. But off-site spending related to festivals brings income for communities, too. For example, visitors stop at local gas stations, souvenir shops, and restaurants — the list goes on. Festivals also provide free marketing and advertising for local businesses as visitors talk about their fun experiences when they go back home. If visitors post comments and photos about their experiences on Facebook or other social media, so much the better. The economic benefits of successful festivals affect local tourism and non-tourism-related businesses alike.
Planning and conducting festivals involves many members of the community, which produces a number of social benefits. “The best thing about being involved with festivals and events is the opportunity to help build a community, develop a sense of pride within a community, and engage a community,” says Chris Romano, a business consultant with Thrivent Financial Services. “Honestly, in my professional career, I've never found something outside a community festival that can do that to the same degree.” Experts agree that hometown pride is a critical factor in the development and improvement of any community. People with community pride are more likely to speak positively about their town to others and to volunteer with organizations and activities that support the common good.
Festivals will teach visitors new things. Whatever a festival's theme, it's bound to be instructional and visitors are bound to learn from it. Of course, education is another social benefit of festivals. Learning is a big byproduct of the annual Lady Slipper Celebration in the northwestern Minnesota community of Blackduck. The community launched the celebration, named after the Minnesota state flower, to showcase and promote understanding of the area's natural resources and Native American culture. This educational experience helped visitors connect to the area, who were pleased with their experience and planned to return to the area.
A. But hosting festivals also poses challenges.
B. Festivals may help to improve community pride.
C. Festivals play a significant role in developing relationships.
D. This is hands-on, experiential learning offered in the fun context of celebration.
E. They spend money, which boosts the local economy both on and off the festival site.
F. While a successful event raises a community's fame, a less-than-successful effort does just the opposite.
After four silent years, the 27-year-old has finally introduced herself to the world again with Hello, the opening song from her third album 25. The album will 1 on Nov 20. As soon as her comeback single debuted (首发) on Oct 23, Hello 2 became the most downloaded song on the iTunes charts in 85 different countries, and 3 the record for the most views on the video website Vevo in 24 hours.
Although Adele is a very 4 singer now, music wasn't always 5 she saw herself doing. At age 10, when she saw her grandmother's 6 over the death of Adele's grandfather, she 7 herself as a heart surgeon (外科医生). “I wanted to fix people's hearts,” she said, remembering the childhood 8 she'd had in biology classes 9 she found out that her real talent was for singing.
Adele didn't go to medical school, but many would 10 that she still has healing powers. Her songs find “the kind of memory every listener holds somewhere in their 11. This kind of emotion is what people have always liked in Adele”, said The Telegraph. “She writes a pop diary, 12 the simple secrets of her heart.”
13, Adele keeps her own diaries of her albums. Most successful pop stars make albums at a fast pace, but not Adele. After her second album 2114the 2012 Grammy Award for Album of the Year, she made it 15with her label that she would spend “four or five years” making her next album. “I'm in it for the long run,” she told Vogue magazine. “You're only as 16 as your next record.”
Instead of chasing 17, Adele moved to the countryside and remained 18. In her free time, she loved to watch TV 19 Teen Mom, American Horror Story, and The Walking Dead. Living life as normally as possible is 20 to the singer's art.
Mark Twain, the pen name of Samuel Clemens, was an American writer, journalist and humorist. He won a worldwide audience for his (novel) of the Adventures of Tom Sawyer and the Adventures of Huckleberry Finn.
Clemens was born on November 30, 1835 in Florida, of a Virginian family. He was brought up in Hannibal, Missouri. his father's death in 1847, he was apprenticed (当学徒) to a printer and wrote for his brother's newspaper, and he worked unbelievably hard. He later worked as a licensed Mississippi river-boat pilot. The Civil War put an end to the steam boat traffic, and Clemens moved to Virginia City, he edited the Territorial Enterprise. On February 3, 1863, “Mark Twain” was born when he signed a (humor) travel account with that pen name.
In 1864, Twain left for California, and worked in San Francisco as a reporter. He visited Hawaii as a reporter for the Sacramento Union, (publish) letters on his trip and giving lectures. He set out on a world tour, traveling in France and Italy. His experiences were recorded in 1869 in the Innocents Abroad, which (gain) him wide popularity.
Between 1876 and 1884 he published several masterpieces, which time, Twain also produced many essays. Twain died on April 21, 1910. After all these years, many of his masterpieces (appreciate) today by people all over the world.
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