Youth sport has the potential to accomplish three important objectives in children's development. First, sport programs can provide youth with opportunities to be physically active, which can lead to improved physical health. Second, youth sport programs have long been considered important to youth's psychosocial development, providing opportunities to learn important life skills such as cooperation, discipline, leadership, and self-control. Third, youth sport programs are critical for the learning of motor skills; these motor skills serve as a foundation for future national sport stars and recreational adult sport participants. When coachers develop activities for youth practices and when sport organizations design youth-sport programs, they must consider the implication of deliberate play and deliberate practice.

    Research from Telama （2006） states that regular participation in deliberate play or deliberate practice activities during childhood and youth （ages nine to eighteen） increases the likelihood of participation in sports during adulthood by six times for both males and females. Côté （2002） defines deliberate play activities in sport as those designed to maximize enjoyment. These activities are regulated by flexible rules adapted from standardized sport rules and are set up by the children or by an involved adult. Children typically change rules to find a point where their game is similar to the actual sport but still allows for play at their level. For example, children may change soccer and basketball rules to suit their needs and environment （e.g. in the street. on a playing field or in someone's backyard）. When involved in deliberate play activities, children are less concerned with the outcome of their outcome of their behavior. （whether they win or lose） than with the behavior. （having fun）.

    On the other hand, Ericsson （1993） suggests that the most effective learning occurs through involvement in highly structured activities defined as deliberate practice. Deliberate practice activities require effort, produce no immediate rewards, and are motivated by the goal of improving performance rather than the goal of enjoyment. When individuals are involved in deliberate play, they experiment with different combinations of behaviors, but not necessarily in the most effective way to improve performance. In contrast, when individuals are involved in deliberate practice, they exhibit behavior. focused on improving performance by the most effective means available. For example, the backhand skills in tennis could be learned and improved over time by playing matches or by creating fun practice situations. However, players could more effectively improve their backhand performance by practicing drills that might be considered less enjoyable. Although drills are used in most effective means available practice might not be the most enjoyable, they might be the most relevant to improving performance.

    （Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS）

    Sarah Hughes won the gold medal in women's figure skating at the 2002 Winter Olympics.A graduate of Yale University,she is writing her first book.She owes her success to her parents' support.

    “I started skating when I was 3 years old.Competing in the Olympic Games had been my dream from the beginning.When I was 12 years old,my mother was hospitalized with breast cancer.I was on the way to making my first national team.Seeing my excitement at each stage gave her strength through her illness.On days when she was too weak to walk,she would think,‘I have to make it through.I have to be there for my kids.' My mom was able to leave the hospital to come to Philadelphia from New York to watch me win the Junior Ladies title.That day I was skating for more than just the judges.My parents' support made all the difference when I performed on the skating stage.When I won the Olympic medal,I was able to share more than just my skating experience with the people who were with me all along.I was raised in a stable,supportive environment."

【写作内容】

1).用约30个单词写出上文概要；

2).用约120个单词阐述你对“父母支持”的看法，并用2~3个理由或论据支撑你的看法。

【写作要求】

1).写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；

2).作文中不能出现真实姓名；

3).不必写标题。

请阅读下面文字及图表，并按要求用英语写一篇150个词左右的英语短文。

    You really should finish compiling that boring spreadsheet, but you just can't bring yourself to do it. Maybe it can wait a little longer? Or it might just disappear if you ignore it long enough? You know the feeling.

    According to Professor Piers Steel, of the Haskayne School of Business at the University of Calgary, 95% of people postpone important tasks at some point. But for some, procrastination (拖延症) isn't occasional, but constant. Professor Joseph Ferrari, of DePaul University Chicago, found that 20% of the population of the world are habitual procrastinators. Sadly, delaying our duties isn't very good for us. As the poet Edward Young wrote: “Procrastination is the thief of time”.

【写作内容】

1）. 用约30个单词概述上述信息的主要内容；

2）. 结合上述信息，简要分析“拖延症”产生的原因及危害；

3）. 根据你的分析，就如何克服“拖延症”谈谈你的看法（不少于两点）。

【写作要求】

1）. 写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；

2）. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；

3）. 不必写标题。

    【1】A safari park is a park in which wild animals are kept. They are mainly located in east or central Africa. They often occupy a very wild area, with mountains and rivers. To visit the park and look at the animals, people have to drive around in a car for a few of hours because the park is huge.

    【2】In south Africa there is a safari park, which contains all sorts of wild animals like lions, elephants, rhinoceroses(犀牛), zebras, wild pigs, deer and giraffes.

    【3】There is a wild road leading through the park, but nobody is permitted to walk on the road. Anyone traveling in the park has to go in a car because wild animals may fiercely attack people. From the car he may see almost every types of African wildlife. Some of these are getting scarce (稀有的) because people kill them for various reasons. For example, rhinoceroses are killed for their horns (角), which are used in traditional Chinese medicines for colds and headaches. Perhaps they will be seen only in museums and books one day.

    【4】Travels may buy food for the animals. They can feed them when they tour the park. Of course, they should not feed them in a close distance because the wild animals may attack people. In addition, they should only give proper food to the animals.

    【5】A traveler may carry a gun with him in his journey. The gun is given to him by the government. However, it is not used for hunting. In fact, a seal(封条) is fixed to it. The traveler may fire at a wild beast to defend himself in case he is attacked. However, he has to prove to the government that he has been attacked and that he has not fired at a harmless animal.

    As our family are getting ready for the annual holiday of Thanksgiving, which is probably the most important holiday in the U.S because it's celebrated by people of all faiths. I think back to a cold November day more than twenty years ago. It was a day when my husband and I, married just about three months, got stuck on I -89 in Vermont when our car broke down.

    We had just visited my husband's parents in Vermont, and with a huge turkey they gave us slowly thawing (解冻）in the trunk of our old car, we were heading back to our apartment in Boston to celebrate our first Thanksgiving together. Our car broke down half an hour after we got on the highway. And it was raining. Back to then, not everyone had a cell phone, and in those days if you broke down along a lonely stretch of a highway far from the nearest emergency call box in cold November rain, it wasn't fun.

    Fortutiously for us, a van with a bunch of people coming back from a ski trip stopped andasked if we needed help. They gave us a ride to the nearest gas station, from where we could phone my father-in-law and asked him for help. My father-in-law arranged for :he car to be towed (拖引), and drove us all the way to Boston that day.

    So as we sit down to dinner and think of all the things we can be thankful for tonight, I want to say “thank you” to the strangers on I -89 some twenty years ago for giving a young couple a ride when their car with a frozen turkey in the trunk broke down.

    Never underestimate the difference you can make to the lives of others by one small act of kindness. Step forward, reach out and help. This week, reach to someone that might need a lift.

    When Jenny Brown, 10, developed bone cancer, her right leg below the knee was cut off to save her life. During the treatment, Jenny had a cat named Boogie, which seldom left her side as she got used to life with a prosthetic（义肢）leg. “My relationship with Boogie showed me animals think, feel, and suffer as we do,” says Jenny, now 44.

    In 1994, Jenny graduated from college and began her film career in television. She also volunteered for animal rights groups. In 2002, having learned about some shocking mistreatment of farm animals, she knew she needed to help them. A year later, Jenny gave up her job to work as an animal caregiver at Farm Sanctuary（农场动物庇护所）.

    The next year, she opened the Woodstock Farm Sanctuary, a nonprofit organization aiming to rescue farm animals and help them recover. It gives tours of the farm from April to October and asks for volunteers and support through www.woodstockfarm.sanctuary.org. The farm website describe the backstory and the character of each of the animals living there.

    In September, 2016, the sanctuary was moved to a new farm, which has an equipped kitchen, a dining hall and other buildings in High Falls, New York. The new place has allowed her team of 17 to host vegan（素食的）cooking classes and a kids' camp.

    “People love spending time with the animals.” says Jenny. “There's a magic that happens here.”