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题型:阅读理解 题类:常考题 难易度:普通

天津市七校(静海一中,杨村中学,宝坻一中,大港一中等)2018-2019学年高二上学期英语期中考试试卷

阅读理解

    An analysis of almost 50 years of competitions—including Eurovision Song Contests and world skating championships—has found that contestants are more likely to win if they are among the last to appear before the judges.

    The study by an American university appears to provide scientific proof that the best man, or woman, does not always win. It found that, on average, the last competitor to appear in the Eurovision Song Contest was more than twice as likely to win as the one who went on first.

    The first rounds of figure—skating championships, for which the running order is selected at random, showed more dramatic results. The final skater had a 14 percent chance of victory, making him or her more than four times as likely to win as the first skater.

    The study showed a gradual worsening of chances for competitors who appeared earlier in the running order. A contestant who appears first in a contest is two percent less likely to win than one who appears second. A contestant who appears second is two percent less likely to win than one who appears third, and so on.

    The findings are published in the March issue of Acta Psychologica, a scientific journal. Robert Hardman, a senior lecturer in psychology at London Metropolitan University who specializes in the science of decision-making, said that the results were interesting. He suggested that the effect was caused by the limitations of the human memory.

    "When people make comparison, they aren't really able to make a lot of fine-grade discrimination. When contestants appear at the beginning of a contest, judges have little to compare them to and are perhaps cautious about the scores they give." he said.

    "Later on, when judges are able to compare the contestants to those that have gone before, they might give more extreme marks because they feel more confident about their judgments."

(1)、Robert Hardman's words mainly tell about his ______.

A、explanation for the findings B、own achievement in the research C、suggestion to solve the problem D、comments on the findings
(2)、The first skater in the first round of figure skating championships had a ______ percent chance of winning.

A、six B、four C、three D、two
(3)、According to the study, the best competitor does not always win possibly because he/she ______.

A、fails to show his/her very best B、is mistakenly put in the running order C、meets with unfair judges D、appears too early before the judges
(4)、What may be a problem with the judges according to the article?

A、They believe the first is seldom the best. B、They can't remember things well enough. C、They don't really know what is good. D、They show favor towards the contestants they like.
(5)、What could be the best title for the passage?

A、A contestant who appears last is sure to win. B、Judges have a preference when giving scores. C、The best way to come first is to go last. D、Judges usually made no comparison in contests.
举一反三
阅读理解

    In the near future, we may be using our eyes to operate our smart-phones and tablets, even when it comes to playing popular games like Fruit Ninja.

    The Gaze Group has been developing eye-controlled computer technology for nearly 20years. But those devices have been firstly designed to help those with disabilities, and are very expensive.

    “After a while, we figured out that probably the best way is to go for a mass-market way,”says Gaze's Sune Alstrup Johansen. “Where everybody would have this available.”

    Johansen and some of his colleagues have formed a new company, the Eye Tribe, which is hoping to develop the technology on a mass commercial level.

    The technology works when combined with the computing device toward the user's face. After making sure of the user's eye movements, the technology is then able to easily find where a person's eyes are moving, and then allow the eyes to control a cursor (光标)

    “Our software can then determine the location of the eyes and know where you're looking on the screen to make sure what you're looking at, ”reads an explanation on the Eye Tribe site.

    There has been a gradual change toward hands-free technology in recent years, particularly in the gaming world. Recently Xbox released the Kinect device, which lets users control their Xbox and play certain games using only their hands, legs and voices. But still, most of these devices have been more of a gimmick than a practical way to use one's hands to control a mobile device. Johansen said a replaceable filter (滤光器) would be a cheap, convenient way for most consumers.

    And even as companies like The Eye Tribe work to create such a product for the average user, making the eye-controlled technology more accessible and less expensive will have similar benefits for physically disabled users.

    For more articles on modem science, please CLICK here.

阅读理解

    During my elementary school years, I used to compare my mom with my best friend Tiffany's mom.

    Tiffany's mom always gave her lots of money to buy the most fashionable clothes and favorite food. Her mom allowed her to do anything she liked. I really admired Tiffany. My mom didn't give me much pocket money and she always told me that I should behave myself. I was annoyed with her.

Whenever I didn't get what I wanted, I would complain to my mom, Tiffany's mom would give her that! I wish she were my mom. Every time, my mom would calmly say "Poor Tiffany". I couldn't understand her. "She shouldn't be feeling sorry for Tiffany!" I thought. "She should be feeling sorry for me."

One day, I couldn't help saying to Mom, "Poor Tiffany? Lucky Tiffany! She gets everything she wants! Why do you feel sorry for her?" I burst into tears.

My mom sat down next to me and said softly. "Yes, I do feel sorry for her. I have been teaching you a lesson that she will never be taught."

I looked up at her. "What are you talking about?"

Mom said with care, "One day she will really want something. Maybe she'll find out that she can't have it. Her mother won't always be around to give her money, and what's more, money can't buy everything."

She continued, "I have taught you valuable lessons by not giving you everything you want. You'll know how to look for bargains and save money, but she won't. You'll understand that you need to work hard to get the things that you want but she won't. When Tiffany is a grown woman, she'll wake up one day and she will be wishing that she had a mom like the one you've got. Life lessons are more important than modern clothes and delicious food."

    It took some time, but I eventually understood my mom's words. Now I am a happy and successful woman.

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。

    Let's look at the movies we can't wait to watch in 2019:

    Dumbo (March 29)

    Dumbo is a 1941 American film produced by Walt Disney Productions. The main character is an elephant who is nicknamed "Dumbo". Dumbo is always laughed at for his big ears, and he is rejected by the other elephants. With no parent to care for him, he is alone. But in fact, he is capable of flying by using his ears as wings. A live-action adaptation of the film directed by Tim Burton is scheduled to be released on March 29, 2019.

    Shazam! (April 5)

    Shazam! is an upcoming American superhero film based on the DC Comics character of the same name. Directed by David F. Sandberg, the film is set to star Asher Angel as Billy Batson, a teenage boy who can transform via the magic word "Shazam" into an adult superhero, played by Zachary Levi. It will be the first film version of the character since the 1941 series Adventures of Captain Marvel (the character's original name).

    Aladdin (May 24)

    Aladdin is a fictional character and the role of the film Aladdin (1992) based on Aladdin, a folk tale of Middle Eastern origin. He is voiced by Scott Weinger, while his singing voice is provided by Brad Kane. Aladdin never received a formal education, and has only learned by living on the streets of Agrabah. He has to steal food in the local market in order to survive. Mena Massoud is set to play a live-action version of the character in a live action adaptation of the 1992 film.

    Godzilla, King of the Monsters (May 31)

    Godzilla, King of the Monsters is a 1956 Japanese-American science fiction film, co-directed by Terry O. Morse and Ishiro Honda. It is a heavily re-edited American adaptation. For this new version of Godzilla, some of the original Japanese dialogue was translated into English, and some of the political, social and anti-nuclear themes were removed completely.

 阅读理解

There are various ways in which to read body language so that you can understand how someone is feeling.

Reading emotional clues (线索)is one of them.

Crying is considered to be caused by an explosion of emotion in most cultures.Often times crying is considered a sign of sadness,but crying can also be an expression of happiness.Crying can also come about through laughter and humor.Thus,when judging crying,you'll need to look for other signs to determine the meaning of the crying.Crying can also be forced in order to gain sympathy or to cheat others.This practice is known as "crocodile tears",an expression that draws on the wrong idea that crocodiles"cry" when catching prey(猎物).

Signs of threat include v-shaped eye brows, wide eyes, and an open or down-turned mouth.In a similar way, arm tightly crossed over the other is a common sign that the person is angry and is closing himself off to you.

When people show anxiety, they display increased facial movements, and their mouth made into a thin line.

Individuals who are anxious may also play with their hands, unable keep them in one spot.Anxiety can also or have nervous legs.It can be conveyed when people seemingly unconsciously(无意识地)tap their feet or have nervous legs.

Embarrassment can be expressed by turning the eyes or shifting them away.If someone looks down at the floor a lot,they are probably shy,afraid,or embarrassed.People also tend to look down when they are upset,or trying to hide something emotional.People are often thinking and feeling unpleasant emotions when they are in the process of staring at the ground.

There are also some signs of pride.People show pride by displaying a small smile,holding their head backward,and putting their hands on their hips.

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