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题型:阅读理解 题类:常考题 难易度:普通

河南省洛阳市2016-2017学年高二下学期英语期末考试试卷

阅读理解

The story of the movie Inside Out mostly takes place inside the mind of 11-year-old Riley as she moves from Minnesota to San Francisco. The main characters are Riley's emotions—Joy, Sadness, Disgust, Anger and Fear, which guide her decisions and often compete with one another for control of her brain.

    Fear is tall, thin, looks like a frayed(焦燥的)nerve and is purple. Not only that, his eyes are purple, too. Anger, which is red, looks like a brick and has red eyes. Disgust, who is green, has green eyes. Sadness, not surprisingly, is completely blue, and even looks like a teardrop. But Joy, who is mainly yellow, has more than one color in her. She has blue eyes and blue hair. Why? Well, if blue represents sadness, then the message is clear: there is no such ting as “pure joy”. Instead, even in our most joyous times, there is often sadness mixed in.

    After all, one of the most joyous moments we can experience is a wedding, but it may end with the breaking of a glass. It reminds us that our world is still broken. In order words, even at our highest moments, there is always a little sadness.

    But the comfort is that the reverse is often true. Think about how you feel after crying. When you cry, your body is releasing some chemicals that often make you feel good. And that's why you feel at ease after a good cry.

    Indeed, Inside Out reminds us that even the emotions that appear “negative' have value. In other words, Inside Out shows us that the goal of life isn't “to be happy”. We will feel sad, angry or frightened. But we need our whole range of emotions for developing our sense of self and our relationship with others.

(1)、According to the author, Joy is different in appearance because __________.
A、it is the leading character in our life B、that shows it is joyful for a reason C、that shows it doesn't just mean pure joy D、the director wants to make it prettier
(2)、Why does a wedding end with the braking of a glass?
A、To remind the new couple not to overjoy B、To show the world we live in isn't perfect C、To remind the new couple to pay attention to happiness D、To show the new couple about the real meaning of marriage
(3)、The underlined part “the reverse is often true” in Paragraph 4 means ____________.
A、sadness is as important as joy B、happiness doesn't last very long C、sadness can sometimes lead us to joy D、we should never be too happy about something
(4)、The movie Inside Out is meant to tell us that ___________.
A、we should attempt to be as happy as possible B、we should control our negative emotions C、developing our sense of self isn't that easy D、we need both positive and negative emotions
举一反三

阅读理解

    A wonderful Cornish self catering holiday cottage Cider Cottage is the perfect place to escape and unwind.

    It is ideally located to explore and enjoy all that Cornwall has to offer.

 

    Cider Cottage sleeps five in a lovely countryside setting, with all home comforts. Recently fully renovated to a high standard, the Cottage was awarded a 4 Star rating by Visit England.

    It is a detached property full of character, with exposed feature stone walls and ceiling beams.

    In the past the building was used to store and crush apples to produce local Cornish cider.

    One step inside the door and you will know you have found somewhere special to spend your holiday.

 

    Cider Cottage has three comfortable bedrooms, of which the Master bedroom has a king size bed and an en-suite bathroom.

 

    A spacious fully equipped Kitchen and Dining room fitted with a ceramic hob and oven, microwave, washing machine, dishwasher and tumble dryer. We also supply all those kitchen essentials that you won't want to pack.

 

    Down a flight of steps is the large cosy Lounge, with exposed feature stone walling and beams that date back hundreds of years.

 

    Set between the south Cornwall coast and enigmatic Bodmin Moor, in lovely countryside, Cider Cottage is just 1 mile from the historic town of Liskeard and a short drive from the lovely fishing village of Looe with its wonderful sandy beach.

    The cottage is ideal for families and couples alike, whether you just want to relax or enjoy the wide variety of activities and attractions or nearby outdoor pursuits such as cycling and horseriding.

    The ancient market town of Liskeard has a choice of cafes, restaurants, takeaways, pubs & supermarkets. A main line Railway Station also serves the town, giving the opportunity for car free days out.

阅读理解

    Food is extremely important to us human beings and rice is one of the main food in the world. Australian researchers have discovered a way to genetically engineer rice which would provide significant health benefits to more than half the world's population.

    A study undertaken at the University of Tasmania, published in a respected journal of the National Academy of Sciences, discovered a method to increase the resistant starch (抗性淀粉)content in rice, making it more digestible and leading to lower rate of diabetes (糖尿病)and overweight.

    Steven Smith, the lead author of the study and a foreign expert for the Chinese government who has been appointed to work on crop improvement projects by the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said increasing the higher resistant starch content gave this “designer” rice many added health benefits. “We have discovered that we can increase the amount of resistant starch in cooked rice, which could provide health benefits for a large number of people in Asia and beyond,” Smith said in a media release on Friday. “The same approach can be adapted for use in other cereals, including wheat. Not only can it have benefits for diabetes and obesity, but also for disorders of the bowel(肠)including cancer.”

    Rice is the main food for more than half the world's population, providing much of the world with most of their calories. Smith said that as the rate of diabetes and obesity in Asian countries continued to grow, his “designer” rice could provide a way to limit health problems.

    “Not only does resistant starch reduce the possibility of a 'sugar hit' but it also reduces the appetite and promotes the growth of the healthy germs.” Smith said.

Smith divides his time between the University of Tasmania and his research lab in Beijing where he hopes to make significant advance in sustainable (可持续的)living.

阅读理解

    Several Jobs That Will Be Automated By Artificial Intelligence(AI) And Robots

Translator

    Image recognition software and voice recognition software are bringing some major advances to language translation. Applications like Google's Word Lens can translate words from signs and documents in real time and there are a lot of translation apps that allow you to type in a word or phrase and will translate it for you.

    Some will even speak the phrase for you and raw word-to-word translation will be fully automated soon.

    Fast food workers

    Automated ordering booths have already made their way into a few McDonald's restaurants around the world, and cooking positions could be removed next. The booths probably can't handle customer service problems well, so televideo systems could bring in an office employee to deal with complaints.

    Field technician

    New advances in the Internet of Things could make this work obsolete.

    Low-cost sensors combined with high availability cellular/satellite communications and cloud technology are being started to automate and alarm these sites, and can be checked and maintained from a desktop or mobile device.

    Sales representative

    But, e-commerce is changing how we make purchasing decisions, especially those where there isn't much differentiation among the major competitors.

    If you're selling a high-differentiation product and/or a high-price, low-volume product you have some job security, but if you're selling a high-volume, low-differentiation product, you better start polishing your resume, said Doug Camplejohn, CEO of Fliptop. “These kind of product sales are all moving online.”

阅读理解

    Nisha Pradhan is worried. The recent college graduate just turns 21 and plans to live on her own. But she's afraid she won't be able to stay safe. That's because she isn't able to smell.

    Back home, her family do her smelling for her. She's moved in with them for now, but she's looking for a place of her own. “Now that I'm searching for ways or place to live as an independent person, I find that the sense of smell is important to how we live our lives,” Pradhan says.

    She says when she was a child she liked to eat and ate a lot. But there came a point where she lost interest in food.

    “One of the first things that people notice whenever they have a smell problem is that food doesn't taste right any more,” says Beverly Cowart, a researcher. That's because eating and smell go hand in hand. How food tastes often rely on what we smell. “When you lose your sense of smell, your whole sense of food flavors changed and reduced,” Cowart says, “You can still taste the basic tastes. What you're missing are the small distinctions.”

    “When I go out to eat I have often found that food is very tasteless to me. I never feel full,” she says. “I think a lot of us today like to pretend to be food lovers and we all like to talk about 'Oh, I think this could use a little bit more flavor,' or ‘I think this has a hint of meat,' I can't really participate in those conversations,” she says.

    Pradam thinks her smell loss also may have affected her memory. Pradhan may be on to something, according to biologist Paul Moore. “When smell signals come in, you feel about them first. And then you think about it and then the memory is laid down. So without the feel part, the thinking about its part doesn't come. And that means no new smell memory gets created.”

阅读理解

    Red leaves are a symbol of autumn. Enjoying red leaves in the clear, refreshing autumn weather is indeed a good choice.

    Now let's have a look at the best red leaves around China and the beauty of autumn.

    Destination 1

    With different red colors, the Red Leaf Valley extends (延伸) more than 50 kilometers from Jiefang village in Qingling town to Yanjiang village in Songjiang town, Jilin province, Northeast China. Leaves are like different red pigments (颜料), including Chinese red, orange red, ruby red and bright red.

    Best time: October

    Destination 2

    Tachuan or Tashang village is in Huangshan city, Anhui province, East China. The beautiful autumn scenery there is known as one of the four best in China. The red leaves and clear spring add beauty to traditional houses, offering material for photography lovers.

    Best time: early to late November

    Destination 3

    As a result of low temperatures, maple leaves in areas south of the Yangtze River are like shy girls, gradually showing their beauty, turning from green to gold, gold to orange and finally to red. And as it changes slowly, different colors can be seen on the same trees called "colorful maple trees". Viewing at the mountainside is the best choice.

    Best time: October to November

    Destination 4

    For Guangdong province in South China, autumn always comes a little late and lasts longer. Through the end of January, you can see the red leaves any time you want. If you feel pity at saying good-bye to red leaves in North China, you can head to South China to view the beautiful scenery again.

    Best time: end of November to end of January

 阅读理解

Researchers say they've used cutting-edge gravitational wave research to cast new light on a mystery—a 2000-year-old computer,the Antikythera mechanism found in shipwreck. 

Well over a century after its discovery,researchers at the University of Glasgow say they've used statistical modeling techniques,originally designed to analyze gravitational waves —ripples in spacetime caused by major events in the universe such as two black holes combining —to suggest that the Antikythera mechanism was likely used to track the Greek lunar year. In short,it's a fascinating collision between modern-day science and the mysteries of an ancient artifact. 

In a 2021 paper,researchers found that previously discovered and regularly spaced holes in a "calendar ring"were marked to describe the "motions of the sun,moon,and all five planets known in ancient Greeks and how they were displayed at the front as an ancient Greek universe. "Now,in a new study published in the Official Journal of the British Horological Institute,University of Glasgow gravitational wave researcher Graham Woan and research associate Joseph Bayley suggest that the ring was likely perforated (打孔)with 354 holes, which happens to be the number of days in a lunar year. 

The team used statistical models derived from gravitational wave research,a large-scale physics experiment designed to measure ripples in spacetime millions of light-years from Earth and Bayesian analysis,a technique using probability to quantify uncertainty based on incomplete data,to calculate the likely number of holes in the mechanism using the positions of the surviving holes and the placement of the ring's surviving six fragments. 

Surprisingly,the inspiration for the study came from a YouTuber Chris Budiselic,who has been attempting to physically recreate the ancient mechanism and investigating ways to determine just how many holes it contained. 

"It's a neat symmetry that we've adapted techniques we use to study the universe today to understand more about a mechanism that helped people keep track of the heavens nearly two millennia ago,"Woan said. 

"We hope that our findings about the Antikythera mechanism,although less supernaturally spectacular than those made by Indiana Jones,will help deepen our understanding of how this remarkable device was made and used by the Greeks,"Woan sadded. 

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