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题型:阅读理解 题类:常考题 难易度:普通

吉林省梅河口市第五中学2018届高三上学期英语第三次月考试卷

阅读理解

    Princeton University is a vibrant (充满生机的) university. It is the fourth oldest college in the United States and an independent institution that provides undergraduate and graduate instruction in the arts and humanities, social sciences, natural sciences, and engineering. As a well-known research university, Princeton seeks to achieve the highest levels in the discovery and spread of knowledge and understanding. At the same time, Princeton is different among research universities in its commitment to undergraduate teaching.

    Academics

    Faculty (教员), including full time, part time and visiting: 1,238 (spring 2016)

Undergraduate student-to-faculty rate: 5:1

    Departments: 36

    Schools within the University: School of Architecture, School of Engineering and Applied Science, Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs

    Library

    Princeton University Library consists of the Firestone Library and nine buildings across campus. The library's collections include more than 8 million books and impressive rare books, prints and other materials that require special handling. The library's extensive electronic resources include databases and journals, images and digital maps. Exhibitions of the library are free and open to the general public.

    Campus Life

    A vast range of cultural9 educational, athletic and social activities are available to Princeton students. Getting involved in campus life is the quickest way to become a part of the University community, and to create one's own Princeton experience. Campus life activities are built around the concepts of encouraging each community member to display his or her talents and to learn to respect all members of our community.

    Aid Program

    Our aid program is designed to encourage all qualified students—regardless of financial circumstances-to consider applying for admission to Princeton. Any family who feels they may need help to pay for a Princeton education is welcome to apply for aid.

    For more information, please visit: http://www. Princeton.edu.

(1)、What is special about Princeton University among research universities?
A、It has a long history. B、It has a wide range of courses. C、It is devoted to undergraduate teaching. D、It seeks to achieve the highest knowledge levels.
(2)、What can we learn about Princeton University Library?
A、It has many branches across the country. B、The public can get its collections for free. C、It is the best research library in the world D、The public don't have to pay for its exhibitions.
(3)、The aid program of Princeton University is intended for       .
A、any poor family in need B、students who are not admitted into the university C、all students applying for admission to the university D、qualified students who can't afford the university education
(4)、What is the author's main purpose in writing the text?
A、To introduce Princeton University. B、To encourage more students to apply for aid. C、To tell students how to choose their universities. D、To tell students how to apply for Princeton University.
举一反三
根据短文理解,选择正确答案。

    Do you want a bit of an adventure? Would you like to discover all the corners of the UK, or travel abroad? Maybe you have never tried the motorhome lifestyle before. Well, read this article and you will know why a motorhome is a good choice.

    Nothing is better than a motorhome. It has so many uses that it is considered the most versatile vehicle and it is also very comfortable. If you are thinking about hiring a motorhome this summer, then the best choice is to book it early, especially if you are considering the school holidays. The motorhome hire service is very seasonal and motorhome hire companies will never have extra vehicles available in the summer months.

    There are a lot of companies throughout the UK, and some of the big ones have motorhomes spread all over the country. At present, the largest network for motorhome hire is provided by Motorhome which is based in Cambridge. If you are in the UK, you may phone 0800612-8719 for details of its motorhome hire information. Motorhome has a network of over 500 vehicles all over England, Scotland and Wales.

    Most people wishing to hire a motorhome are families that are looking for an alternative to a European package holiday, especially as flying now has become more expensive, and is considered to be environmentally unfriendly. There is no doubt that the idea of no-fly holidays is going to become more popular as fewer people think it is safe to fly. This explains why more and more people are choosing to hire a motorhome for their holidays.

阅读理解

    One day,Mr.Arnold was teaching a lesson,and things were going as normally as ever.He was explaining the story of mankind to his pupils.He told them that,in the beginning,men were nomads(游牧人);they never stayed in the same place for very long.Instead,they would travel about,here and there,in search of food,wherever it was to be found. And when the food ran out,they would move off somewhere else.

He taught them about the invention of farming and keeping animals.This was an important discovery,because by learning to cultivate(耕作)the land,and care for animals,mankind would always have food steadily available.It also meant that people could remain living in one place,and this made it easier to set about tasks that would take a long while to complete,like building towns,cities,and all that were in them.All the children listening were attracted by this story,until Lucy jumped up:

    “And if that was so important and improved everything so much,why are we nomads all over again,Mr.Arnold?”

    Mr.Arnold didnt know what to say. Lucy was a very intelligent girl.He knew that she lived with her parents in a house,so she must know that her family were not nomads;so what did she mean?

“We have all become nomads again,” continued Lucy.“The other day,outside the city,they were cutting the forest down. A while ago a fisherman told me how they fish.Its the same with everyone:when theres no more forest left, the foresters go elsewhere,and when the fish run out, the fishermen move on.Thats what the nomads did,isnt it?”

The teacher nodded,thoughtfully. Really,Lucy was right. Mankind had turned into nomads. Instead of looking after the land in a way that we could be sure it would keep supplying our needs,we kept developing it until the land was bare.And then off we would go to the next place!The class spent the rest of the afternoon talking about what they could do to show how to be more civilized.

    The next day everyone attended class wearing a green T-­shirt,with a message that said,“I am not a nomad!”

    And,from then on,they set about showing that indeed they were not.Every time they knew they needed something,they made sure that they would get it using care and control.If they needed wood or paper,they would make sure that they got the recycled kind.They ordered their fish from fish farms,making sure that the fish they received were not too young and too small.They only used animals that were well cared for,and brought up on farms.

    And so,from their little town,those children managed to give up being nomads again,just as prehistoric men had done so many thousands of years ago.

根据短文理解,选择正确答案。

    A heartbroken dog whose owner died two months ago is missing her so much that he attends services every day at the Italian church where her funeral was held, patiently waiting for her to return.

    Tommy, a seven-year-old dog, belonged to Maria Lochi, 57, and had been her faithful partner after she adopted him when she found him in fields close to her home. Mrs. Lochi adopted several dogs she found but friends said she developed a close friendship with Tommy and would walk to church with him every day, where he would be allowed to sit patiently by her feet.

    Father Panna said, “He's there every time I celebrate Mass and is very well behaved. He doesn't make a sound, and I've not heard one bark from him in all the time he has been in. He used to come with Maria and he was obviously devoted to her. I let him stay inside as he was always so well behaved and none of the other people ever complained to me. He's still coming to Mass even after Maria's funeral, he just sat there quietly. I didn't have the heart to throw him out. I've just recently lost my own dog so I leave him there until Mass finishes and then I let him out.”

    Tommy's been adopted by everyone in the village now and he is everybody's friend. Everyone looks out for him and leaves food for him, although it would be nice to find a proper home for him.

    The story of Tommy is similar to the 2009 Hollywood film Hachi which told of how a faithful Akita dog waits patiently for his master after he also dies. It was based on the true story of a Japanese Akita called Hachi, whose owner died in 1925 but for the next nine years he waited patiently at the railway station for his owner from where they regularly caught a train.

阅读理解

    A team of engineers at Harvard University has been inspired by Nature to create the first robotic fly. The mechanical fly has become a platform for a series of new high-tech systems. Designed to do what a fly does naturally, the tiny machine is the size of a fat housefly. Its mini wings allow it to stay in the air and perform controlled flight tasks.

    “It's extremely important for us to think about this as a whole system and not just a bunch of individual components (零件),” said Robert Wood, the Harvard engineering professor who has been working on the robotic fly project for over a decade. “The added difficulty with such a project is that actually none of those components are off the shelf and so we have to make them all on our own,” he said.

    They engineered a series of systems to start and drive the robotic fly. “The seemingly simple system which just moves the wings has a number of individual components, each of which individually has to perform well, and then has to be matched well to everything it's connected to,” said Wood. The flight device was built into a set of power, computation, sensing and control systems. Wood says the success of the project proves that the flying robot with these tiny components can be built and manufactured.

    Wood says the design offers a new way to study flight mechanics and control at insect- scale. Yet, the power, sensing and computation technologies on board could have much broader applications (应用). “You can start thinking about using them to answer open scientific questions, you know, to study biology in ways that would be difficult with the animals, but using these robots instead,” he said. “So there are a lot of technologies and open interesting scientific questions that are really what drives us on a day to day basis.”

 阅读理解

Insect numbers have decreased by half in some parts of the world due to climate change and intensive agriculture,a study has found.The combined pressures of global heating and farming are driving a "substantial decline" of insects across the globe,according to the UK researchers.

Lead researcher,Dr Charlie Outhwaite of UCL,said losing insect populations could be harmful not only to the natural environment,but to human health and food security,particularly with losses of pollinators(传粉昆虫)."Our findings highlight the urgency of actions to preserve natural habitats,slow the expansion of high-intensity agriculture,and cut emissions to reduce climate change," she added.

In the latest study,the researchers pulled together data on the range and number of nearly 20,000 insect species,including bees,ants,butterflies,grasshoppers and dragonflies,at about 6,000 different locations.In areas with high-intensity agriculture and substantial warming,insect numbers have decreased by 49%,compared with relatively untouched places that have so far avoided the most severe impacts of climate change,according to the research published in Nature.

But the researchers said there was some cause for hope.Setting aside areas of land for nature creates a refuge(庇护所) for insects,which need shade to survive in hot weather."Careful management of agricultural areas,such as preserving natural habitats near farmland,may help to ensure that vital insects can still survive," said Dr Tim Newbold,also of UCL.

Study researcher,Peter McCann,added,"We need to acknowledge how important insects are for the environment as a whole,and for human health and well being,in order to address the threats we pose to them before many species are lost forever."

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