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题型:任务型阅读 题类:常考题 难易度:普通

山东省莱芜市2018届高三上学期英语期中考试试卷

任务型阅读

    It is very important for kids to be courageous. A brave child is more likely to withstand negative peer pressure, say no to temptations(诱惑)and flight the good fight. It boosts kids' resilience(适应力), confidence and willpower as their as well as their learning, performance and school engagement. Here are several ways to develop kids' courage:

    Model courage. Kids who watch their parents stick their necks out to do the right thing are more likely to do the same. Then express how good it feels when you conquer your fear instead of taking a shortcut. Your kids will learn how to take on the tough challenge they face by witnessing how you tackle your fears.

     Research finds that kids are more likely to be courageous if they believe that their parent them to support those in need. Discuss bravery with your kids: Tell hem Courage is making the choice to do what you know is right even if you are afraid.”

    Ask your kids to share their acts of bravery. Learning to be brave takes practice, so encourage your children to do something courageous every day.A mom I talked to had her kids share their brave deeds at dinner time.

Teach your kids how to reduce their fears. If not kept under control, fear can be powerful. You might encourage positive self-talk, such as saying, “I can handle this” or “I have courage to do this.” Or teach your child to take slow, deep breaths to find courage.

A. Talk about values and courage.

B. Courage has other surprising benefits.

C. The good news is that courage can be taught.

D. Teach your child simple strategies to be brave.

E. Let your child see you step out of your comfort zone.

F. In today's uncertain world, kids will need courage and confidence.

G. Then take time to focus on their courageous breakthroughs.

举一反三
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

    There is an old Spanish Proverb which states, “Tomorrow is often the busiest day of the week”. {#blank#}1{#/blank#} I'd say, too many. Our dreams should not, and cannot wait. We have to go for them now! Here's why.

    1){#blank#}2{#/blank#}

    Nobody likes to talk about death, but the reality is – everybody is going to die at one point. None of us know the day, or the hour. Therefore, today is all we have. Don't go to your grave with unfulfilled dreams. Make the decision to go after every dream, big or small right now.

    2)The world is waiting on your gift

    I know this may be hard to believe, but the world is waiting on YOU! Yes, YOU! {#blank#}3{#/blank#} Sure, other people may be able to sing. But they'll never be able to sing exactly like you. Sure other people can write, but they'll never be able to write from the same perspective in which you write. Don't deprive(使丧失) the world of your gift. It's the oxygen that we need to survive. Thus, it is your responsibility to figure out exactly what your gift is, and use to better your life and the lives of those around you.

    3){#blank#}4{#/blank#}

    You can dream about writing the great American play that you want, but it's never going to happen unless you actually put pen to paper. You can dream about finding a cure for cancer, but it will never happen unless you actually go to school to become equipped with the necessary tools to find that cure. {#blank#}5{#/blank#} They require you to get your head out of the clouds, and actually do the work to make them happen. Get to it!

A. You can't let fear win.

B. Tomorrow is not promised.

C. In other words, dreams don't work unless you do.

D. Possibilities you never knew existed are waiting on you

E. How many times have we put off our dreams until tomorrow?

F. Unless you take the first step, your dreams will never come true.

G. You were born into the world with a unique gift, which nobody on this earth can copy.

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。

    Have you ever felt sick to your stomach during a test? Have you ever been so worried about something that you ended up with a terrible headache?

    If so, then you know what it's like to feel stress. You've probably heard people say,“Wow,I'm really stressed out.” {#blank#}1{#/blank#}But children have lots of things going on in their lives that can cause stress, too.

What is stress?

    Stress is what you feel when you are worried or uncomfortable about something. This worry in your mind can make your body feel bad. You may feel angry, frustrated, scared, or afraid—which can give you a stomachache or a headache.

What causes stress?

    Plenty of things can cause stress in a child's life.{#blank#}2{#/blank#} Good or normal stress might show up when you're called on in class or when you have to give a report. Have you ever gotten butterflies in your stomach or sweaty hands? Those can be signs of good stress.{#blank#}3{#/blank#} For example, you may do a better job on your book report if the anxiety inspires you to prepare well before you get up and read it to the class.

    But bad stress can happen if the stressful feelings keep going over time. You may not feel well if your parents are fighting, if a family member is sick,if you're having problems at school, or if you're going through anything else that makes you upset every day.{#blank#}4{#/blank#}

    Once you recognize that you're feeling stressed, there are several things you can do. You can try talking about what's bothering you with an adult you trust, like a parent or teacher.{#blank#}5{#/blank#} An adult may have ideas about how to solve whatever is worrying you or making you uncomfortable.

A.This kind of stress can help you to get things done.

B.Maybe you hear adults say those kinds of things all the time.

C.Bring up what's been on your mind and how it makes you feel.

D.Everyone experiences stress at times—adults, teens,and even kids.

E.There are ways to reduce stress and manage the stress that's unavoidable

F.That kind of stress isn't going to help you, and it can actually make you sick.

G.The trick is to remember that some types of stress are good and others are bad.

任务型阅读

    Stephen Covey's book The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People is very popular among business people who want to improve their careers.{#blank#}1{#/blank#}For example,Covey's principles can be used to improve relationships between parents and children or to improve the way you manage your time.

    Covey begins by discussing habits and effectiveness,and why they are both important to success.According to Covey,for an action,such as listening to others,to become a habit,you must know what to do and why you should do it.However,you also must want to do.On the other hand,effectiveness means having a balance between success and a good relationship with the people around you.{#blank#}2{#/blank#}However,if the company does not respect its workers,the profits will eventually decline.

    {#blank#}3{#/blank#}The first three habits focus on personal growth.The next three habits are about how to get along with others.The seventh habit shows how to achieve physical,emotional and mental health.

    Covey includes exercises to help you analyse your life.He challenges you to identify what you want to contribute to society in your lifetime.He does this by asking you to think about what people to say about you after you die{#blank#}4{#/blank#}For example,if you want your children to say that you were always willing to spend time with them, then you will spend more time with them and less time at work{#blank#}5{#/blank#}

A.It has the potential to really improve your life.

B.In this way,you can challenge yourself to make your dreams and ambitions come true.

C.However,its principles can be applied to any area of life.

D.In order to be successful,you must have habits that make you able to deal effectively with others and your own personal life.

E.For example,a company might focus completely on making a profit.

F.Your answer to this question will help you make better decisions about how to spend your time.

G.Covey also introduces the seven habits of highly effective people.

任务型阅读

    Six Things You should Never Do Before the Queen

    ※Don't show up empty handed.

    What do you get the woman who already has everything? Sure, the Queen has several homes full of priceless trinkets(饰品), but bringing a gift is necessary. {#blank#}1{#/blank#} So if she's paying a visit to your hometown or country, something which reflects local culture might go down better than W.H. smith's vouchers(优惠券).

    ※{#blank#}2{#/blank#}

You may be dead on your painful feet—but you should always stand when the queen enters the room. You may only sit once she has taken the seat, so keep a close eye on when the Queen sits down herself.

    ※Don't ignore the dress code.

    Regardless of how late you're running or how tempting it is to stay in your casual clothes, make sure you dress accordingly when meeting HRH. {#blank#}3{#/blank#}

    ※Resist the temptation to refer to her by her first name.

    While the Royal family may be extremely familiar to us, and while we may have our own nicknames for them, we common folk still aren't on a first name basis with them. So, when you meet the Queen she should be addressed as “Your Majesty” and “Ma'am” consequently after. When she leaves, however, you must address her as “Your Majesty” once again.

    ※Only speak if the queen speaks to you.

    Remember when you were a small child and all your elders would drop wisdom such as “don't speak unless spoken to first” and “children should be seen and not heard”? {#blank#}4{#/blank#} This rule exists so Her Royal Highness can control every aspect of the conversation-- including exiting it swiftly.

    ※Don't eat before she does.

    No matter how tasty and tempting the banquet morsels spread in front of you look, you can only start eating once the Queen does. So perhaps have a quick snack beforehand, in case any speeches go on for a long time. {#blank#}5{#/blank#}

A. Stand to attention.

B. Watch out for Queen.

C. Oh, and if she has finished eating, you'd better be full too.

D. If the event is black tie, wear black tie.

E. You are supposed to listen to them though you've grown up.

F. This gift must also be appropriate to the occasion.

G. The same applies to meeting the Queen.

请认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意:每个空格只填1个单词。

    Most people have a list of wishes—things that they think will bring them happiness. Happiness lists are easy to come up with. However, the mechanism behind them is somewhat complicated, since it involves what psychologist Daniel Gilbert calls the greatest achievement of the human brain—the ability to imagine. To imagine what will bring joy to our future selves requires mental time travel, which is a unique human skill resulting from two million years of evolution. We use this skill every day, predicting our future emotions and then making decisions, whether big or small, according to our forecasts of how they'll make our future selves feel.

    Yet, our imagination often fails us. When we're lucky enough to get what we wished for, we discover that it doesn't come with everlasting happiness. And when the things we feared come to pass, we realize that they don't crush us after all. In dozens of studies, Gilbert has shown that we can mispredict emotional consequences of positive events, such as receiving gifts or winning football games, as much as negative events, like breaking up or losing an election. This impact bias(影响偏差) —overestimation of the intensity and duration of our emotional reactions to future events—is significant, because the prediction of the duration of our future emotions is what often shapes our decisions, including those concerning our happiness.

    Just as our immune systems work tirelessly to keep our bodies in good health, our psychological immune systems routinely employ an entire set of cognitive(认知) mechanisms in order to deal with life's habitual attack of less-than-pleasant circumstances. Actually, our psychological immune system has an impressive feature of its own: the ability to produce happiness. Thus, when life disappoints us, we "ignore, transform, and rearrange" information through a variety of creative strategies until the rough edges of negative effects have been dutifully dulled. When we fail to recognize this ability of our psychological immune systems to produce happiness, we're likely to make errors in our affective forecasting.

    Happiness, Gilbert points out, is a fast moving target. As passionate as we're about finding it, we routinely misforecast what will make us happy, and how long our joy will last. In reality, he adds that the best way to make an affective forecast is not to use your imagination, but your eyes. Namely, instead of trying to predict how happy you 'll be in a particular future, look closely at those who are already in the future that you're merely contemplating(冥想)and ask how happy they are. If something makes others happy, it'll likely make you happy as well.

Forecasting Happiness

The mechanism behind happiness lists

*It's a bit complicated because of the involvement of the human ability to {#blank#}1{#/blank#}.

*Mental time travel is a unique human skill we use on a(n) {#blank#}2{#/blank#} basis to make predictions about our future emotions and then {#blank#}3{#/blank#} all our decisions on them.

The {#blank#}4{#/blank#} with predicting happiness

*We can make wrong predictions about emotional consequences of positive or negative events, which can {#blank#}5{#/blank#} us from making right decisions.

The functions of the psychological immune system

*Our psychological immune system routinely help {#blank#}6{#/blank#} unpleasant circumstances in life.

*Our wrong affective forecasting results from our{#blank#}7{#/blank#} to recognize the power of our psychological immune system.

An effective {#blank#}8{#/blank#} to predict happiness

*Use your eyes {#blank#}9{#/blank#} of your imagination while making affective forecasts. {#blank#}10{#/blank#} others who are in the future that you're contemplating and ask how happy they are.

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

    Near the city of Yogyakarta in Java(爪哇岛)is not only one magnificent(宏伟的)monument, Borobudur(婆罗浮屠), but a second equally impressive one. Prambanan, the second monument, shares a remarkable number of things in common with Borobudur.

    First, both huge temple complexes (建筑群) are thought to have been built at about the same time, around 850 AD. {#blank#}1{#/blank#} Some historians think that both temples were created during the era of the Sailendra Dynasty

    Second, in both cases, the temples appear to have been abandoned just after they were completed. Why were they left alone, isolated (被孤立) in the mountains of Java? {#blank#}2{#/blank#} It certainly took a great deal of effort to build the monument, so why would their use come to a standstill(停止)without a very good reason?

    {#blank#}3{#/blank#} Prior to efforts to restore and preserve them in the 1800s, they lay in ruins, covered with plants. Today, both Borobudur and Prambanan are UNESCO World Heritage sites, famous for their religious art.

    Although there are so many similarities, there are important differences. For example, Prambanan, east of Yogyakarta, is a Hindu temple, while Borobudur, northwest of the city, is a Buddhist temple. {#blank#}4{#/blank#} Overall, its individual (个别的) buildings are smaller than those of Borobudur. Borobudur sits on a hill and you can make it out from some distance. On the other hand, Prambanan is spread out over a flatter area. {#blank#}5{#/blank#}

A. Perhaps it is due to the eruption of the volcano, Mount Merapi.

B. Borobudur and Prambanan each tell their sacred stories in vivid detail.

C. Borobudur temple is one of the best-preserved ancient monuments in Indonesia.

D. However, scholars are not completely sure about the exact dates of construction of either place.

E. Finally, you can go inside the Hindu temple, but you must admire the Buddhist one from the outside.

F. Borobudur is one huge structure with ten levels, but Prambanan is a group of eighteen temple buildings.

G. The third common factor is that both priceless monuments suffered a great deal of damage during the centuries when they were left alone.

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