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题型:任务型阅读 题类: 难易度:普通

广东省深圳格致中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期末考试英语试卷

 阅读七选五

After building some "standard"cargo bikes,  ,this time with something very special. I wanted to build an ideal cargo bike combining the stability of a three-wheeler with the possibility to change directions like being on two wheels. 
The first step was to do extensive research  .An incredible source of technical inspiration was the online Tilting Group.Although primarily-concerned with tilting(倾斜) concepts of engine driven constructions,the group is surely the best place to find information about constructing a tilter. 
    After researching and outlining a few ideas,I grabbed some parts and started with a very simple prototype(雏形).Building such a vehicle needs a high degree of accuracy,which was not the case with my prototype  .So I made a few more sketches(草图),which led to an improved version of the driving and tilting mechanism. 
    Then I started building the tricycle.Building the structure was quite straightforward.As usual I took an old bike apart for the back triangle and then added the front part.After adding a cargo basket to the structure,  . 
    Now came the hard part:the driving mechanism.I started with the usual design used for two-wheel cargo bikes,but it took me quite some time to figure out how to pass the driving force to both wheels without allowing the whole thing to lock itself in any angle  , but I'm sure I can use the knowledge I gained one way or another. 


A.The project was demanding 
B.I decided to get my hands dirty again 
C.I fell in love with three-wheeler bikes 
D.I put all the parts together for the first time 
E.It took me quite some time to understand the ideas behind it 
F.The engine driven constructions were always the most difficult to fix 
D.The consequence was that the driving mechanism locked itself occasionally

举一反三
根据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出五个最佳选项填入空白处。

    As you're busy with your studies, the weeks during the Spring Festival can be a time when training and healthy eating plans go out of the window. But you can continue running and avoid weight gain during the holiday season. {#blank#}1{#/blank#}

Pick a race

    Having a race on your calendar is a motivation to keep running during the holiday. {#blank#}2{#/blank#} Check our active.com or Running in the city for events near you.

Don't skip breakfast

    If you're going to a holiday party in the evening, don't make the mistake of skipping breakfast. You may think you're saving calories for later. {#blank#}3{#/blank#}

Bring your own healthy dishes

    Chances are that most of the dishes at holiday gatherings are going be high in taste and calories. Bring your own healthy appetizers to the party. The host will appreciate it, and you know where will be at least one wise choice on the buffet table.

{#blank#}4{#/blank#}

    If you are heading to an evening event, eat regular meals and snacks every few hours until party time. You won't arrive at the party ready to attack appetizers. Make sure you include fiber at each meal because it keeps you full longer.

Plan your runs

    It's easy to say that you'll keep running regularly during the holiday season, but sticking to it requires a strategy. Schedule your runs like appointments, so you make them the first thing during a busy week. {#blank#}5{#/blank#}

A. Treat yourself

B. Eat small meals

C. Try some or all of these strategies.

D. In fact, it may lead to overeating later in the day.

E. Buy yourself a gift of some new running shoes and clothes.

F. If you have runs scheduled, you are more likely to get them done.

G. Once you choose one that is in a few weeks, set a plan and stick to it.

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

    Business is the organized approach to providing customers with the goods and services they want. The word business also refers to an organization that provides these goods and services. Most businesses seek to make a profit(利润)— that is, they aim to achieve income that is more than the costs of operating the business. {#blank#}1{#/blank#} Commonly called nonprofits, these organizations are primarily nongovernmental service providers. {#blank#}2{#/blank#}

    Business management is a term used to describe the techniques of planning, direction, and control of the operations of a business. {#blank#}3{#/blank#} One is the establishment(制定)of broad basic policies with respect to production; sales; the purchase of equipment, materials and supplies, and accounting. {#blank#}4{#/blank#}The third relates to the establishment of standards of work in all departments. Direction is concerned primarily with supervision(监管)and guidance by the management in authority. {#blank#}5{#/blank#}

A.Control includes the use of records and reports to compare actual work with the set standards for work.

B.In this connection there is the difference between top management and operative management.

C.Examples of nonprofit business include such organizations as social service agencies and may hospitals.

D.However, some businesses only seek to earn enough to cover their operating costs.

E.The second aspect relates to the application of these policies by departments.

F.In the theory of business management, organization has two main aspects.

G.Planning in business management has three main aspects.

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

How to Care for Your Ears?

    Ears not only let us hear, but they also paly a role in maintaining our balance, which is vital to our ability to function in daily life. Yet, we ignore them. We can't even see our ears, except in a mirror. We take it for granted what they do for us day in and day out—until we notice something worng, such as when an earache strikes or when we start having to ask people to repeat what they say. {#blank#}1{#/blank#}

◆Clean your ear with a washcloth—covered finger only.

    Never put anything inside your ear canal, including cotton swabs (药签). {#blank#}2{#/blank#}

◆Leave earwax(耳垢) alone.

    Wax is your ear's way of eliminating (消除)anything foreign that gets into the ear canal. {#blank#}3{#/blank#} If you find you have too much earwax, use a few drops of earwax remover(去除剂)in the canal. After a few minutes, wash the ear with warm water.

◆Avoid noisy places.

    Rock concerts and construction sites are just a few places that frequently have noise levels that can damage

hearing.Any place where you have to shout to be heard should be avoided.

◆{#blank#}4{#/blank#}

    Be careful not to play MP3 too loud, especially if using earphone.

◆Be careful with illness and medications.

    Respiratory illnesses should be treated to avoid their spread to the ears. Certain medications can damage hearing, so follow the directions carefully before taking them.

    See your doctor if you suffer from sudden hearing loss or hear noises in your head. {#blank#}5{#/blank#}

A.Most people don't need to clean wax out of their ears.

B.In such case, go to see a doctor as soon as possible.

C.These can be symptoms of a serious illness which needs to be treated.

D.This article will show you how to care for your ears.

E.Turn the volume down.

F.Avoid using earphones while listening to MP3.

G.Your ear canal is very narrow, and a swab can damage it.

任务型阅读

Childhood obesity puts kids at risk for cardiovascular disease, bone and joint problems, sleep apnea, and potential social and psychological problems. {#blank#}1{#/blank#}

Of course, the CDC recommends healthy lifestyle choices—healthy eating, physical exercise. {#blank#}2{#/blank#} That is to provide a safe and supportive environment where healthy lifestyle choices can be made.

What don't kids need?{#blank#}3{#/blank#}Too much focus on overweight leads toward more weight gain.

A new data analysis of two studies found that children whose parents considered them to be "overweight" tended to gain more weight over 10 years than children whose parents considered them "normal weight". Children whose parents label them as "overweight" had a negative self-perception about their bodies. They were engaged in more attempts to lose weight. {#blank#}4{#/blank#}

The clear message from this study is that dieting is more likely to lead to weight gain, not weight loss, in both children and adults. Psychology researchers Eric Robinson and Angelina Sutin argue that the stigma of being labeled overweight as a child might actually gain weight in the future.

{#blank#}5{#/blank#}For the study, children's height and weight were measured at age 4 or 5, and parents were asked to describe whether they thought the children were best described as underweight, normal weight, overweight or very overweight. When the children were 12 or 13, they used images to best depict what they perceived their bodies to look like and were asked whether or not they engaged in any dieting behavior. Height and weight measurements were taken again when the children were 14 or 15 years old.

A. Labels and pressure around weight and weight gain.

B. Left untreated, these problems can continue into adulthood.

C. They also point out another important way to keep kids healthy.

D. The researchers cannot be certain about what is driving.

E. They analyzed the data from a study of Australian children.

F. But it actually contributed to weight gain over the 10-year period.

G. A number of mothers in this study suffer from depression and anxiety.

 阅读理解

The weather in Texas may have cooled since the recent extreme heat, but the temperature will be high at the State Board of Education meeting in Austin this month as officials debate how climate change is taught in Texas schools.

Pat Hardy, who agrees with the views of the energy department, is resisting proposed changes to science standards for pre-teen pupils. These would emphasize the significance of human activity in recent climate change and encourage discussion of reduction measures.

Most scientists and experts sharply argue against Hardy's views. "They casually view the career work of scholars and scientists as just another misguided opinion," says Dan Quinn, senior communications strategist at the Texas Freedom Network, a non-profit group that monitors public education. Such debates reflect fierce discussions across the US and around the world, as researchers, policymakers, teachers and students step up demands for a greater focus on teaching about the facts of climate change in schools.

A study, looking at how state public schools across the country address climate change in science classes, gave barely half of US states a grade B+ or higher. Among the 10 worst performers were some of the most populous states, including Texas, which was given the lowest grade (F) and has a huge influence because its textbooks are widely sold elsewhere.

Glenn Branch, the center's deputy director, cautions that setting state-level science standards is only one limited norm in a country that decentralizes (使分权)decisions to local school boards. Even if a state is considered a high performer in its science standards, "that does not mean it will be taught", he says.

Branch points out that, even if a growing number of official guidelines and textbooks reflect scientific consensus (共识) on climate change, unofficial educational materials that convey more biased(带有偏见的) perspectives are being distributed to teachers. They include materials sponsored by libertarian think-tanks(智库) and energy industry associations. 

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