题型：阅读选择 题类： 难易度：普通
江苏省无锡市2024年中考英语真题
A theory of emotion Two scientists called Stanley Schachter and Jerome Singer developed the two-factor theory of emotion in 1962. They said that emotions are formed in two parts. First, the body has a physical response to a threat and then the mind considers the physical response as an emotion, which is then felt by the person. For example, imagine you are walking through a forest and you see a bear. Seeing it would probably start a physical response, such as your heart beating very fast and sweat breaking out. Your mind then decides that this is fear, which you feel as an emotion. |
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A new study has suggested that the key to reducing feelings of anger is not venting (letting the angry emotions out) but doing calming activities such as yoga or meditation.
The study was published in March by Sophie Kjaervik and Brad Bushman from Ohio State University in the US. They wanted to explore the popular theory that venting (expressing) anger is a good way of reducing it. Examples of venting anger include shouting or hitting something like a cushion, so that you let go of the emotion and therefore don't feel it any more. The pair looked at 154 other studies on anger. These involved 10, 189 people, and included a variety of ages and backgrounds. In their study, Kjaervik and Bushman define anger as "an emotional response (反应) to a real or imagined threat (威胁)". They used a theory of emotion (情绪假说) that says emotions are partly felt in your body and partly in your mind.
The scientists looked at the other studies to see how different activities influenced anger. They found that activities such as running or boxing—which are often thought to be good for dealing with anger—weren't very good at reducing it. In fact, some of these activities actually made it worse because they increased physical responses in the body that are linked to feeling angry. For example, they made people's hearts beat faster. However, activities that decreased physical responses in the body did help to reduce feelings of anger. These included activities that slow the heart rate, such as deep breathing, meditation and yoga. Bushman says activities that increase physical responses may be good for heart health but are "definitely not the best way to reduce anger".
The team found jogging was most likely to increase anger. However, some heart-rate increasing activities—like ball games and team sports—could reduce anger.
They think this shows that fun or playful activities help to reduce negative feelings.
Face the Stress
Have you had a headache during a test? Have you ever been so worried about something that you have a headache or even can't sleep at night? If so, then you know what stress is. Stress is what you feel when you are worried about something. {#blank#}1{#/blank#}You may feel angry, sad, scared, or afraid—all of which give you a stomachache or a headache.
{#blank#}2{#/blank#}Some kinds of stress are beneficial and others are not. Good stress might happen when you're called to answer questions in class or when you have to give a speech. {#blank#}3{#/blank#} For example, you may do a better job in your test if the stress pushes you to prepare better before the test.
On the other hand, bad stress can happen if the stress lasts too long. You may not feel well if your parents are fighting, if a family member is sick, if you're having problems at school, or if anything else makes you unhappy every day. That kind of stress isn't going to help you. {#blank#}4{#/blank#}
{#blank#}5{#/blank#} Make sure you keep yourself in mind: Sleep, exercise, leisure, and food. If you get enough sleep and eat healthily, and if you exercise and leave and leave time for fun, you'll probably feel less stressed.
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A. This worry in your mind can make your body feel bad. B. However, there are different kinds of stress. C. This kind of stress can help you to get things better done. D. And it can actually make you sick. E. The best way to face the stress is to have a balanced life. |
Wang Qiuyuan, 15, Jiangsu In China, we celebrated the May Day holiday recently. I want to know about the public holidays in your country and how you celebrate them. |
Wang Jiayue, 12, Singapore In Singapore, we have 11 public holidays every year. There are many celebrations, such as Chinese New Year which gives us a two-day break, while on other holidays we only have one day off. During the holidays, my family and I usually decorate the house. |
Jaehyun, 14, South Korea I'd like to introduce a special holiday in South Korea. It's called Chuseok (秋夕), and it takes place around September each year. It's a kind of fall harvest festival, which is similar to the Mid-Autumn Festival in China. We get to eat a lot on that day, such as songpyeon (松糕), which is a type of rice cake. It's in the shape of a half-moon. |
Wang Yunru, 12, Australia Many holidays in Australia have something to do with religion (宗教), such as Easter and Christmas. Our Labor Day falls on Oct. 2. You may be surprised that we have a day off for Valentine's Day. It's on Feb. 14. Although some people may celebrate it in a romantic (浪漫的) way, such as by sending cards to lovers, most people just choose to rest. We may also go shopping because the season is changing. |
Olivia House, 12, UK In England, there are usually eight bank holidays each year. Some are important religious days, such as Christmas and Easter. Others may celebrate traditions in England, like May 1, which is May Day. We celebrate the beginning of summer and the hard work of workers on that day. |
Everyone has worries. {#blank#}1{#/blank#}There is always something you can do to help yourself feel less worried. Sitting there worrying is no use and it won't solve your problems.
Grades at school are often a top worry for kids. {#blank#}2{#/blank#}
*Why are grades important? What do grades mean to me?
* {#blank#}3{#/blank#} Do I go over (复习) my notes even when there isn't a test?
*Do I have a good learning environment?
*Have I tried different ways of studying?
If your worry is about a fight with your friend, you might write down all the things you could do—write a note to him or her, invite him or her to watch a basketball game, say sorry to him or her and so on. {#blank#}4{#/blank#} You can choose one thing that may get your friend back.
{#blank#}5{#/blank#}You can find someone to talk to. You can ask your parents, friends or teachers for help.
A. How do I get ready for class? B. It's meaningless to do like this. C. Sleeping can help you feel better. D. Then you have a few things you can do. E. But how do you deal with your worries? F. You can also ask for help when you're worried. G. If you worry most about grades, ask yourself these questions. |
clear / what / filled with / interviewed / looked up / swim / how |
Childhood memories are unforgettable. The first bicycle ride, the first {#blank#}1{#/blank#} in the pool, and the beautiful wallpaper are deeply planted in our minds. But can they be trusted? In other words {#blank#}2{#/blank#} reliable (可靠的) are our memories?
In a study in 2024, Peterson and his team {#blank#}3{#/blank#} children ages 4 to 13 about their earliest memories and re-interviewed them two years later. They found that events {#blank#}4{#/blank#} feelings were easier to stay. Besides, if the child had a {#blank#}5{#/blank#} memory rather than a confused (模糊的) one, he might remember it better.
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