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题型:阅读选择 题类:常考题 难易度:普通

广东省东莞市石碣镇2019-2020学年八年级下学期英语第一次质量检测试卷

阅读理解

    Horses are beautiful animals. They can be in different colors, and can run quickly. People like to watch horses because they are strong and beautiful.

    Horses are mammals (哺乳动物). The mother horse usually has one baby in spring, and feeds the baby milk. Horses have long legs and big eyes, so they can see almost all the way around them. They can walk and jump.

    Horses can live up to 20 or 25 years. Sometimes people can tell how old a horse is by looking at its teeth! They usually sleep by standing up. Horses only need about three hours of sleep per day!

    People need to take care of the horses"hooves". If a horse is doing a lot of walking on hard ground, people put horseshoes on them. When the hooves need trimming (修剪), people take off the horseshoes, and then give them new ones.

    For food, horses eat food such as grass, corn, apples and carrots. They don't eat other animals. Their stomachs are small, so they eat a little at one time, but they eat many times.

    Some horses are very famous. For example, Bucephalus, the famous horse of Alexander the Great. When Alexander was a boy, he got a horse. Nobody else could ride on it. Alexander named the horse Bucephalus and the horse carried him in many battles (战役). Here is another example. Napoleon had many horses, and Marengo became famous after Battle of Waterloo.

(1)、When was the baby horse born?
A、In spring. B、In summer. C、In autumn. D、In winter.
(2)、What does the underline word "hooves" mean in Chinese?
A、马尾 B、马蹄 C、马嘴 D、马鬃
(3)、Which question is NOT answered in the passage?
A、How can we know the age of a horse? B、How many hours of sleep do horses need? C、When do baby horses grow up? D、What do horses eat?
(4)、What does the last paragraph mainly tell us?
A、Famous battles. B、Famous people. C、How to ride horses. D、Some famous horses.
(5)、Why did the writer write the passage?
A、To show us the kinds of horses. B、To tell us something about horses. C、To let us love horses. D、To tell us how to feed horses.
举一反三
 根据下面短文内容,在短文的空格处填上一个恰当的词,使短文完整、通顺。

Have you ever tried ChatGPT, a smart AI chatbot(聊天机器人)tool? As it swept the education world last month, artificial intelligence(AI)caused a heated discussion. In this article, we will explain the advantages and disadvantages of AI to {#blank#}1{#/blank#} you with a better understanding of this subject. So, let's get started.

Avoiding mistakes.

Although nowadays people have much wisdom, they still make mistakes. It's because  {#blank#}2{#/blank#} of us is perfect. However, AI could serve us much better. Once algorithms (算 法 ) are set up, computers will keep performing the same task over and over again {#blank#}3{#/blank#} making mistakes.

{#blank#}4{#/blank#}  time.

This powerful tool allows you to use your time more effectively(高效地). Type in "A cat wants to go to space" and ask ChatGPT to write a bedtime {#blank#}5{#/blank#} . Just one second later, you'll get the character called Max, who tried his best to overcome difficulties and flew the rockets to the moon. Creating a story in this way greatly saves time, or you would have to spend several hours finding a suitable one.

Inviting laziness in humans.

There were many inventions that were first introduced to help us, but we ended up {#blank#}6{#/blank#} too much on   them. The same is true of AI. It stays 24/7 available, 24 hours and 7 days a week! It keeps serving you {#blank#}7{#/blank#} it's turned off by you. As computers become smarter, humans would like to turn to them when facing problems instead of making full use of their own abilities.

Resulting in losing jobs.

With the increasing influence of AI, there is no doubt that finding a job will be much  {#blank#}8{#/blank#} . For example, many people can use AI to translate(翻译)the information they need without the help of others. AI may not take the place of humans, but it can certainly lead to more people losing jobs.

 阅读下面短文,在各题空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Many Australians celebrate New Year's Eve on December 31st each year. It is the day before New Year's Day, January 1st.

New Year's Eve is not a public holiday in Australia but schools are {#blank#}1{#/blank#} (close) because it is a holiday period(时期). Some offices may also be closed,{#blank#}2{#/blank#} a lot of people don't work during this time.

Many Australian cities, such as Sydney and Melbourne, have different kinds of New Year's Eve activities. In Sydney, {#blank#}3{#/blank#}(million) of people go to a large firework show. Everybody will have fun while {#blank#}4{#/blank#} (watch) the beautiful fireworks.

The firework show means the end of the old year and the {#blank#}5{#/blank#}(begin) of the new year. It is a way {#blank#}6{#/blank#} saying goodbye to the past and saying hello to the future.

For many people, New Year's Day is a time to take {#blank#}7{#/blank#} break after New Year's Eve parties the evening before. Others use the day to travel home {#blank#}8{#/blank#} (spend) time with family members.

In Australia, New Year's celebrations{#blank#}9{#/blank#}(usual) last for the first 
six days of the new year, so Australia is a popular tourist country among  {#blank#}10{#/blank#}(visit) during that period.

阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。

ChatGPT is now commonly used in different fields. Recently, however, many users have noticed that ChatGPT makes silly mistakes, {#blank#}1{#/blank#} result from the following flaws:  ChatGPT only predicts the next thing it could say without any causal model of how the world{#blank#}2{#/blank#}(actual) works. It has complicated syntax (计算) with no semantic(语义的) connection with reality, making it incapable of explaining why things happen. Unlike responsible human communicators, ChatGPT has no accuracy( 准 确 性 ) goals and can easily{#blank#}3{#/blank#}(trick) into producing vast amounts of misinformation.

ChatGPT is also lacking in ethical principles ( 道 德 原 则 ) about telling the  {#blank#}4{#/blank#}(true), avoiding harm to people, and treating people equally. ChatGPT does not disclose (透露) its sources. {#blank#}5{#/blank#}(evaluate) information requires examining the reliability and motives of its sources, but ChatGPT only gives statements. Shockingly, it sometimes makes up references.

ChatGPT and other large language models are useful tools with many applications, but  {#blank#}6{#/blank#}(they) problems provide valuable insights into the limits of current AI. Intelligence requires explanation based on {#blank#}7{#/blank#} causal understanding of the world and not just prediction. Human intelligence is not just predictive processing because it is also better{#blank#}8{#/blank#} pattern recognition, explanation, evaluation, selective memory, and communication. ChatGPT has the potential {#blank#}9{#/blank#} (increase) the amount of real information available to people, but it is also a powerful tool for generating and circulating(传播) misinformation. Intelligent communication depends on values and ethical principles about accuracy {#blank#}10{#/blank#} benefiting people rather than harming them.

 阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。

Marketing tents as single-use(一次性的)should be stopped, festival organisers(组织者) say, as people continue to try to cut down on plastic at festivals.

Single-use festival tents should not be used, to help avoid almost 900 tons of plastic waste each year, festival organisers have said.

A group of more than 60 festivals across the UK have pushed supermarkets such as Argos and Tesco to stop marketing and selling single-use tents. Festival-goers are also encouraged to take their tents home at the end of the festival.

About 250,000 tents are left at music festivals across the UK each year. Many are not collected and end up as waste.

The action to stop the tents ending up as waste starts with the Association of Independent Festivals(AIF). AIF's 10-year report found 10% of people attending its festivals had left a tent behind during that year's festival season. This works out as about 875 tons of plastic waste, which is the weight of 240 elephants.

In 2018, the first year of a promise to cut down on plastic, festivals reported some important changes: 40% of those who had signed the promise stopped the sale of drinks in single-use plastic cups, 67% sold reusable drinks bottles, and 87% encouraged the use of reusable bottles.

AIF CEO Paul Reed said, "The message here is not to buy a more expensive tent. Festival-goers can take their tent home and reuse it, making sure that it doesn't become a single-use tent this summer."

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