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题型:完形填空 题类:常考题 难易度:困难

人教版(2019)高中英语2020-2021学年必修三Unit 3课时素养评价1

完形填空

Few Americans stay in one place for a lifetime. We 1 from the city to the suburbs, from high school to college in a different state, from a job in one region to a better job 2, from the home where we 3 our children to the home where we plan to live in 4. With each move we are5 making new friends, who become part of our new life.

For many of us the summer is a special time for forming new6. Today, millions of Americans go on vocation 7, and they go not only to see new sights but also — in those places where they do not feel too 8 — with the hope of meeting new people. No one really 9 a vacation trip to produce a close friend, but the beginning of a friendship is possible. Surely in every country people 10 friendship?

The word "friend" to American people can be 11 to a wide range of relationships — to someone one has known for a few weeks in a new place, to a close business companion, to a childhood playmate, to a man or woman, to a   12colleague. There are real    13 among these relations for Americans — a friendship may be    14, casual, situational or deep and lasting. But to a European, who sees only our surface behavior, the differences are not clear.

As Europeans see it, all kinds of "friends" flow     15 of Americans' homes with little ceremony. They may be parents of the children's friends, house guests of neighbors, members of a committee, business associates from another town or even another country. 16 as a guest into an American home, the European visitor finds no    17 differences. The atmosphere is    18. Most people, old and young, are called    19 first names. Americans' characteristic openness to different styles of relationship makes it possible for us to find new friends abroad with whom we feel     20.

(1)
A、drive B、commute C、move D、settle
(2)
A、abroad B、elsewhere C、somewhere D、nowhere
(3)
A、deliver B、protect C、educate D、raise
(4)
A、retirement B、death C、illness D、sadness
(5)
A、mostly B、mainly C、rarely D、forever
(6)
A、championships B、friendships C、hardships D、leaderships
(7)
A、along B、freely C、together D、abroad
(8)
A、alone B、strange C、scared D、remote
(9)
A、allows B、desires C、expects D、imagines
(10)
A、form B、develop C、ignore D、value
(11)
A、used B、applied C、stuck D、dedicated
(12)
A、kind B、generous C、trusted D、helpful
(13)
A、differences B、varieties C、distinctions D、diversities
(14)
A、informal B、reliable C、shallow D、fragile
(15)
A、in and out B、on and on C、by and by D、up and down
(16)
A、Moving B、Flowing C、Going D、Coming
(17)
A、obvious B、heavy C、apparent D、strong
(18)
A、weird B、stressed C、relaxed D、strange
(19)
A、with B、on C、for D、by
(20)
A、at best B、at home C、at heart D、at hand
举一反三
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

    What is a big dream? {#blank#}1{#/blank#} or, is a big dream something that provides only entertainment? Children dream big dreams, but there are three barriers(障碍) to realizing dreams. They often kill them before they ever have a chance to grow.

The Self

    Immediately following the birth of a big dream, a negative self-talk takes over and gives all the reasons why it can't happen. This inside voice is the ego (自我). It is there for protecting and should be listened to. Sometimes it is right, but more often it is wrong. {#blank#}2{#/blank#}

    That's why only a handful of people make their dream come true.

    {#blank#}3{#/blank#}

    Family and friends are a lot like the ego. They want to protect those they love, so they will often list all the reasons why the big dreams won't come true. Sometimes, family and friends destroy dreams of those they love most, out of their own fear of being left behind.

The World

    If one gets past the first two barriers, one has to face the world. {#blank#}4{#/blank#} In the past, big dreamers were locked up and sometimes even killed when they were shown to the world. Fortunately, in most of the world today, big dreamers just get laughed at.

    The way to realize a big dream is with confidence and action. When children have confidence and then take action, they will be ready to accept any failure. The truth is that every great dreamer whose dreams have never seen the light of success knows failure well. {#blank#}5{#/blank#}

A. How Big Dreams Die

B. Family and Friends

C. They simply fail until they succeed.

D. Does a big dream show one's future?

E. Most people are influenced by the inside voice.

F. It is the last and the most terrible barrier.

G. And their big dream is to be a rock star or a famous artist.

阅读理解

    Winters are cold in northern British Colunbia, a province of Canada. That's one reason why two girls become concerned about a number of homeless cats in their town.

    "My dad first saw this big cat problem…and he knew the man who had all the cats," says Vivienne Thompson. Vivienne and her friend Catrina Vanderwolf learned that the man wasn't happy about all the cats living around his home. They offered to help.

    Each day after school all winter long, the girls walked two miles to feed the cats. "We could see all their footprints in the snow and at first couldn't understand why they wouldn't let us get close to them," explained the girls.

    They contacted(联系)Valerie Ingram at the Lakes Animal Friendship Society, who told them that the cats are "feral." They belong to no one. Feral cats have little or no contact with humans in their entire lives. The large colony(群) of cats likely started with two stray(流浪的) cats who had a litter of kittens. Those cats had kittens, and before long, there were dozens of homeless cats.

To get the cat colony under control, the cats would need operations so that they could no longer have kittens. Vivienne and Catrina shared what they learned with their teachers and other students—and a project began! Grassy Plains School started raising money to pay for the cats' operations. Before long, local organizations and large companies agreed to help.

    Volunteers spent months humanely trapping the cats. Finally, all the cats had been operated on and returned to the colony.

"We were so happy to be a part of helping, to get to know the cats, to not see suffering anymore, only happy cats—and a happy man who feeds them on his step now," say Vivienne and Catrina.

阅读理解

    October might seem to be pumpkin month in the U.S. The holiday of Halloween (万圣节) comes on October 31. Americans around the country are already using social media to show off their pumpkin growing and carving skills.

    Pumpkins are round, orange fruits related to squashes (南瓜小果) and gourds (葫芦). People use their flesh and seeds for food, but they are also popular decorations in the fall.

    Two big pumpkins recently made headlines in the U.S. A farmer in the northeastern state of Rhode Island broke the record for the largest pumpkin ever grown in North America. Richard Wallace's pumpkin weighed 1,026 kilograms. It broke his son's record from 2015. Ron Wallace's pumpkin only weighed 1,011 kilograms last year. A schoolteacher in the northwestern state of Washington brought her large pumpkin to an event in California. Her pumpkin was the champion, weighing 866 kilograms. It turns out that Cindy Tobeck's pumpkin grew from one of the seeds from Ron Wallace's pumpkin from 2015.

    While those pumpkins are large, they are still not the largest in the world. According to the website BigPumpkins.com, Richard Wallace's pumpkin is only the second-heaviest pumpkin of the year. A man in Belgium produced a pumpkin that weighed almost 1,200 kilograms. Smithsonian magazine wrote a story about people who try to grow large pumpkins. In 35 years, the size of record pumpkins has grown from about 225 kilograms to over 1,000 kilograms. Pumpkin farmers trying to grow record fruits are taking the seeds of champion pumpkins from one year and breeding them with other large pumpkins.

    But people are not just growing pumpkins. They are carving them, too. One Twitter user from Britain recently posted a photo of a pumpkin designed to look like U.S. presidential candidate Donald Trump. No word of a Hillary Clinton pumpkin design. But one pumpkin farmer in California allows visitors to shoot small pumpkins out of a cannon(大炮). The targets? Large paper cut-outs of both Trump and Clinton.

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。

    Nowadays six Amazon Scout delivery robots rolled out in a pilot program in Snohomish County, Wash. The robots carry meals, groceries and packages to homes and offices in this region just north of Seattle. They have appeared on the sidewalks of London, Beijing and other cities and communities worldwide. These machines must overcome pedestrian legs, naughty dogs and broken pavement, which raises some questions.

    These services are gaining attraction as a growing number of city residents expect immediate or scheduled delivery for just about everything. Between 2017 and 2018 online retail sales in the U.S. increased by 16 percent. On the final step of all these deliveries, called the last mile, humans on bicycles, motorized scooters (电动车) or large delivery trucks typically deliver packages. All the vehicles compete for space on busy urban streets. "Deliveries are trending upwards in all crowded city centers, and if city and state leaders don't start thinking about creative solutions like robot deliveries, we can expect even worse traffic jams," says Paul Mackie, director of a transportation policy research center in Arlington.

    A study by this center found 73 percent of delivery vehicles in Arlington were parked outside of authorized areas, often blocking bike lanes and crosswalks. By moving the last step of deliveries from the road to the sidewalk, cities could reduce traffic jams and solve the parking problem entirely, Mackie says.

    Companies such as Amazon are not developing this delivery technology simply to clear up urban traffic. Self-driving vehicles and sidewalk robots could cut down last-mile delivery costs in cities by as much as 40 percent, according to a 2018 report by a consultancy firm. A delivery robot can cost thousands of dollars to manufacture, and most currently require human management and conservation. But in the long run companies that use autonomous delivery vehicles in the next several years could end up saving billions of dollars, the report stated.

阅读理解

    Skeptics are a strange lot. Some of them refuse to admit the serious threat of human activities to the environment, and they are tired of people who disagree with them. Those people, say skeptics, spread nothing but bad news about the environment. The "eco-guilt" brought on by the discouraging news about our planet gives rise to the popularity of skeptics as people search for more comforting worldviews.

    Perhaps that explain why a new book by Bjorn Lomborg received so much publicity. That book, The Skeptical Environmentalist, declares that it measures the "real state of the world" as fine. Of course, another explanation is the deep pockets some big businesses with special interests. Indeed, Mr. Lomborg's views are similar to those of some Industry-funded organizations, which start huge activities though the media to confuse the public about issues like global warming.

    So it was strange to see Mr. Lomborg's book go largely unchallenged in the media though his beliefs were contrary to most scientific opinions. One national newspaper in Canada ran a number of articles and reviews full of words of praise, even with the conclusion that "After Lomborg, the environmental movement will begin to die down."

    Such one-sided views should have immediately been challenged. But only a different review appeared in Nature, a respected science magazine with specific readership. The review remarked that Mr. Lomborg's "preference for unexamined materials is incredible (不可信的)".

    A critical (批判的) eye is valuable, and the media should present information in such a way that could allow people to make informed decisions. Unfortunately, that is often inaccessible as blocked by the desire to be shocking or to defend some special interests. People might become half-blind before a world partially exhibited by the media. That's a shame, because matters concerning the health of the planet are far too important to be treated lightly.

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Living a healthy lifestyle is all about choosing to make healthy choices each day. Here are some tips on how to improve your physical, mental, and emotional health.

Set specific and actionable goals to improve your health. When you have specific goals you want to achieve, you'll be more motivated to implement(实施) healthy changes in your life. {#blank#}1{#/blank#} And then set goals that are specific, measurable, attainable, relevant, and time-bound to better guarantee your success.

{#blank#}2{#/blank#}. It's no secret that healthy eating is one of the keys to achieving a healthy lifestyle. When you follow a healthy diet, you reduce your risk for obesity, heart disease, type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, and certain types of cancers. Healthy eating can also improve your mood and make you happier.

Make a conscious effort to drink enough water throughout the day. Just like nutritious foods, water is essential to keeping your body healthy.{#blank#}3{#/blank#} For adults, drinking around 13 cups of water a day is enough, but this amount can vary depending on your age, weight, environment, and physical activity level.

Aim for at least 7 hours of quality sleep each night.{#blank#}4{#/blank#} It helps you maintain a healthy weight, and improve your overall mood. Most adults need at least 7 hours of quality sleep each night, and children need 8 to 13 hours depending on how old they are.

Find a type of physical activity that's enjoyable for you. The benefits of physical activities are endless. Doing physical activities lowers your risk of things like stroke and high blood pressure, helps you lose weight, and improves your cognitive(认知的) function.{#blank#}5{#/blank#}.

A. Consult the doctor about your physical condition.

B. Choose nutritious foods and create a well-balanced diet.

C. Identify what parts of your lifestyle you want to improve.

D. Choose activities that make you feel happy and confident.

E. Water benefits your digestion and keeps you from getting thirsty.

F. What's more, being active can improve your overall mental health.

G. A good night's sleep is good for your health and attention during the day.

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