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题型:阅读选择 题类:模拟题 难易度:普通

广东省广州市2020年中考英语模拟试卷(一)

阅读理解

    On Feb 26, when an Italian lawmaker (议员) went into the country's Lower Chamber with a mask to prevent the novel coronavirus, he was criticized (批评) by his colleagues for "causing panic (恐慌)". Articles from Western media carry headlines such as "No, you do not need face masks to prevent coronavirus." You might be surprised, as in China and other Asian countries, people have willingly put masks on during the outbreak.

    Western thoughts about masks

    In the West, people are taught to wear masks only when they get sick. Masks are seen as a tool to protect sick people and prevent the disease from spreading, so healthy people don't need to wear them. Therefore, during the novel coronavirus outbreak, overseas Chinese students said that they would be "stared at like a virus spreader" if they go out with a mask. According to a survey done by Global Times among some European and American people, wearing a mask in public can make them feel "worried", "shy", and "afraid of being looked at differently."

    But as the number of COVID-19 cases continues to grow around the world, many people in the West are changing their attitudes. In the US, for example, the need for masks is very high now. The US surgeon general (卫生局局长) has been asking people to avoidhoardingmasks, as they are more needed in hospitals than by the general public, for this reason people should buy enough for their needs.

    Mask culture in the East

    In Asian countries like China and Japan, there has been a long tradition of mask-wearing. In China, for example, when doctor Wu Liande invented the modern medical mask during the pneumonic plague (肺鼠疫) in 1910, the mask became a symbol of China's position as a modern, scientific nation, according to Scottish medical anthropologist (人类学家) Christos Lynteris. The 2003 SARS epidemic again led to the wide use of masks as a form of anti-viral protection in China and elsewhere in East Asia.

    In Japan, wearing masks has long been seen as a manner to reassure (使安心) others when one catches a cold or flu. Some Japanese also turn masks into fashion accessories (配饰), with different colors and patterns to match their clothes. Wearing masks is also a way to "hide" for young women when they don't have their makeup on.

    In more collectivist (集体主义的) cultures in Asia, wearing masks might also be a symbol of solidarity (团结) during the outbreak, according to Lynteris. "Mask culture [in Asia] creates a sense of a fate (命运) shared, common obligation and civic (公民的) duty." People wear masks "to show that they want to stick together" in the face of danger, Lynteris wrote.

(1)、Why don't healthy people in the West wear masks?
A、They don't think masks can prevent disease. B、They think masks are for sick people to wear. C、Only medical workers need to wear masks. D、Wearing a mask looks funny.
(2)、Masks have been widely used in China since _____.
A、the invention of the modern medical mask B、the pneumonic plague in 1910 C、Christos Lynteris wore one publicly D、the outbreak of SARS in 2003
(3)、What does Lynteris mean in the last paragraph?
A、People have no sense of duty if they don't wear masks. B、Mask culture creates a sense of collective obligation. C、Asian people are more united in the face of danger. D、We are a community with a shared future for mankind.
(4)、What does the underline word "hoarding" in paragraph 4 mean?
A、buying enough things people need B、collecting and keeping a large amount of things C、selling a large amount of things D、giving others something that they need
(5)、The purpose of the story is to _____.
A、explain why Westerners don't wear masks B、prove the importance of wearing masks during an epidemic C、show how opinions about masks differ between different countries D、explain the history of masks
举一反三
 阅读理解

Each country has its own "art of living". For example, the word "niksen" shows how Dutch people fight stress and tiredness in a fast-paced lifestyle.

The term "niksen" comes from the Dutch word "niks"which refers to"nothing". In practice, "niksen"could be as simple as just relaxing, looking at your surroundings or listening to music- as long as it's without purpose and not done in order to achieve something. Think "simply sitting in a chair or looking out of the window,"says Ruut Veenhoven, a professor at Erasmus University who studies happiness.

"Niksen" sounds contrary to the advice that we were all given as kids. Nowadays, we're always told to stay bus y and work harder than everyone else. But "niksen" is against that attitude. It offers the chance to "deliciously do nothing", as Carolien Hamming told Time. She thinks that "niksen" is very important to staying healthy, since it's a form of men tal relaxation and healing. Just like a wild animal lying in wait for their food,"niksen" seems to be a natural state of being.

For some people,"niksen" can mean more than just men tal relaxation. It's also a way to imagine new ideas or plans. As an early adopter of "niksen", Jenny Holden, adds it to her daily lunch breaks."Within 10minutes of doing nothing-just staring and listening to myself-my head began to clear and pick out my work and home to-do lists", she told the Metro UK. However, for many, doing nothing isn't as simple as it sounds.In fact, it can be somewhat challenging to sit still and stare out a window.

Above all, "niksen" is a suggestion for balancing work and rest. As Dutch-bom writer Ogla Mecking wrote in Whoolly Magazine,"niksen" is the full enjoyment of life's breaks".

Everyone is encouraged to have your "niksen" moments. They give you the strength to face everyday challenges.

 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

Fashionable clothes, new mobile phones and holidays: do they make you happy? What are the most important things in life? Researchers in Britain asked 5,000 girls and boys aged 10-15 this question. The answer is" the simple things" are the most important.

Friends, a good home life and sports make children happy. They say these things are more important than money. I'm very pleased that a lot of children understand what is good for them and what is bad for them.

What about the Internet? Do Facebook and YouTube make children happy? Do happy children spend lots of time online? The researchers asked children about it and they learnt something very interesting. Children who use the Internet for only one hour a day are happy, but children who spend lots of time online aren't very happy. This is because they don't have time for other activities that can make them happy. For example, they don't play a sport, ride their bike or meet their friends.

But it isn't only activities with friends that make children happy.

Children who have their own bedroom are happier. Maybe when they share a bedroom with a brother or sister, there are lots of fights! Food is important, too. Children who don't eat fruit and vegetables every day, or children who have a lot of fast food are usually less happy. Are you eating something bad for you now? Stop! It's bad for your health and your happiness.

So, who is happier— girls or boys? Girls aged 10-12 are the happiest, but girls aged 13-15 are the least happy. The researchers say the older girls are unhappier for two reasons. Firstly, their parents are worried about their friends and they don't want them to go out a lot. Secondly, the older girls start to worry about how they look. Boys don't usually have this pressure.

What about you? Do you agree with the British children?

 阅读下面材料, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

Ruth Wakefield was a cook. In the 1930s, she and her husband had the famous Toll House restaurant in Massachusetts. People loved the restaurant because of the delicious food, especially Ruth's desserts(甜点). 

Ruth was good at cooking. She could taste a dish and make it without a recipe(配方). She loved trying new things and often traveled to different countries to taste new foods. After travelling, she wanted to create(创造) a new kind of cookie. 

One day, Ruth had an idea to use chocolate in a different way. She decided to break it into pieces and mix it into cookie dough(面团). After many tries, she finally created the chocolate chip cookie, which sold well at the restaurant. People loved it very much and they asked for the recipe to make it at home. 

     ▲      . People had to break chocolate bars into small pieces, and it took a lot of time. Ruth's daughter remembered her mother's hands turning red from cutting chocolate when making cookies for the restaurant. But her mother still enjoyed doing it. 

Ruth's cookie became famous, so a radio show invited her to talk about it. And later the recipe was even in the newspaper. Because of Ruth, chocolate chip cookies became a popular snack for many people. Some companies started making their own chocolate chips and cookies and put the Toll House name and Ruth's recipe on bags of chocolate chips and cookies. The next time you enjoy a chocolate chip cookie, remember Ruth Wakefield and her love for cooking and creating with new tastes. 

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